Process Flow Diagram.docx

ASSIGNMENT Topic:

Process flow diagram and P&ID

SUBMITED TO: Sir Tayab SUBMITTED BY: 18-CHEM-84 NAME: ABDUL REHMAN SUBJECT: Chemical Process Industry

Difference between a PFD and P&ID Both PFD (Process Flow Diagram) and P&ID (Piping/Process & Instrumentation Diagram) are chemical / process engineering drawings. These drawings are very useful as they convey the right amount of process information as needed during various stages of bidding, engineering design, procurement, construction, operating & commissioning phases of the process.

Process Flow Diagram (PFD) A process flow diagram shows the relationships between the major equipment’s (columns, vessels, pumps, turbines, heaters etc) in the system. This diagram shows flow of chemical fluids and the equipment’s involved in the process with the properties of flowing chemical fluids (like temperature, pressure, fluid density, flow rate etc). Generally, a PFD does not show minor components (like pressure, temperature and flow instruments), piping systems (like control loops, by-pass lines, drain lines etc), pipe properties (like size, spec, ratings etc) etc. PFD gives an overview of the complete chemical plant processes. PFD is a simplified version of P&ID’s. Process engineers are responsible for designing PFD based on the chemical process and thermodynamic properties of the fluid in question.

Piping / Process & Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) A Piping and Instrument Drawing (P&ID) includes more details than a PFD. It includes both major and minor details of the chemical process. It show all major equipment’s, piping details (like service, size, spec, rating, insulation etc), instrumentation details (like all the pressure, temperature and flow instruments, control valves, pressure safety valves, meters etc) and the actual pipe routing conditions (like free flow, slope, minimum distance, tapping from top/bottom requirements etc). P&ID is a detail form of PFD. Process engineers, with coordination of piping, instrumentation, electrical and safety engineers, are responsible for designing P&ID’s. P&ID plays as the basic documents for piping engineers for purpose of material procurement and deciding of pipe routing. A P&ID can be best understood with the help of a legend sheet given by the P&ID developer. Legend sheet contains information regarding the nomenclature, tag philosophy, symbols, a lot more.

Block flow diagram

A block flow diagram (BFD) is a drawing of a chemical processes used to simplify and understand the basic structure of a system. A BFD is the simplest form of the flow diagrams used in industry. Blocks in a BFD can represent anything from a single piece of equipment to an entire plant. For a complex process, block flow diagrams can be used to break up a complicated system into more reasonable principle stages/sectors.

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