Problem Solving Techniques Ravi Awade

GROUP ASSIGNMENT SUBMISSION Section A: Group Details: A4 IIMP Thursday - I Fl. Blue

Assignment No.: Batch: Session Day & Time: Group Colour:

Section B: Assignment Details: Assignment Topic: Training Topic & Session: Submission Date & Time:

Techniques of Problem Restatement Problem Solving Wednesday – 01:00 p.m.

Section C: Group Members: No.

Name

Div. & Roll No.

1. Nikhil Misal

C-33

2. Gulshan Goklani

C -17

3. Madhura Shelar

A-51

4. Devika Datta

B-18

5. Archanakaur Jhamtani B-28 6. Aakash Kamble

B-29

7. Pankaj Patil

B-46

8. Pankaj Chavan

C-11

9. Vineeta Goenka

A-15

10. Atul Jadhav

B-22

11. Amruta Jagdale

B-24

12. Ravi Awade

B-03

Remarks:

PC

PN

AB

Grade

Y

A

Y

A

Y

A

Y

A

Y

A

Y

A

Y

A

Y

A

Y

A

Y

A

Y

A

Y

A

Problem solving SUBMITTED BY: FLUORSCENT BLUE

Tool 1: PROBLEM RESTATEMENT Question: How to remove corruption in the government Sector? Corruption is a symptom of system dysfunction. Large corruption refers to bribes paid in lakhs and crores —to ministers, politicians, senior government officials generally for doing things in contravention of laws. Corruption: degrades quality of public service, public lose confidence in them: this further limits economic growth of the country. Hence the need to eliminate corruption from government sector. Ways we can combat corruption:

(a) Strong legal presence as also increased accountability of authorities. (b) Increased transparency in the working of the system. (c) Improved access to report wrongdoing and protection of whistleblowers and witnesses (d) Blacklisting of top officials when found guilty of accepting or encouraging bribes. (e) Improved management policies and practices (f) Managing professional ethics within organization

(g) Supporting social activists, specially NGO’s government servants, and political leaders who take a lead in fighting corruption and act as role models for others. (h) Establishing code of conduct. (i) Awareness, training and education, campaigning on the evils of corruption in educational institutions thereby educating the masses that they should raise their voice against it. (j) All elected public officials, senior government servants, including military officials, judges, should on an annual basis make public their assets/liabilities and income tax returns (k)Special courts to handle only corruption cases. This will assure public of guaranteed justice and they will act.

Techniques of Problem reststatement: Paraphrase

Ask why?

180 degree Techniques of problem restatement

Redefine focus

Broaden focus

Technique 1: Paraphrase

1. How to incorporate a code of conduct in the government sector? • Increased transparency in the working of the system. • Improved access to report wrongdoing and protection of whistleblowers and witnesses • Improved management policies and practices. • Managing professional ethics within organization. • Taking strict actions against the people who are guilty of any such misconduct , this will make people think twice before doing any such misconduct.

2. How increased transparency, accountability and legal policies act as anti corrupt measures in government sector? • Awareness, training and education, campaigning on the evils of corruption in educational institutions thereby educating the masses that they should raise their voice against it. • Special courts to handle only corruption cases. This will assure public of guaranteed justice and they will act.

All elected public officials, senior government servants, including military officials, judges, should on an annual basis make public their assets/liabilities and income tax returns. • Increased transparency in the working of the system. Information should be easily accessible to the people, so that they do not have to bribe for getting it, and getting work done.

•

Technique 2: 180 degree How corruption can be made stronger in government sector? • Accepting bribes • Not maintaining transparency in the working system, transaction. • Money should be given importance than merit in every work • The NGO’s, communities working against corruption should be made inactive. • Topmost officials should maintain good relations with politicians, so they can overpower every judicial system of our country. • Cash distribution before every election.

• Employees accepting and giving bribes should do so under the name of gifts, favors. • More of donations encouragement. • Faith in legal system should be more weakened so that common man doesn’t even think of taking legal action against corrupt.

Technique 3:

Broaden focus 1. How can we change the view that government sector is not

corrupt? • By modifying the structure of salary, more of performance based. • Incentives can be paid to motivate the employees. • Assuring them more of financial security, especially to the senior employees through better retirement schemes, pension plans. • By maintaining more transparency, and use of strict policies. • Recruitment can be more on merit basis rather than through contacts, and references. • Taking action against senior most officials thus creating trust amongst people 2. How can honesty be implemented in government sector? • Transparency of system • Improved management policies and practices. • Blacklisting corrupt officials • Stronger presence of judicial system.

Technique 4:

Redirect focus 1. How country will prosper by eliminating corruption in government sector? • Supporting social activists, specially NGO’s government servants, and political leaders who take a lead in fighting corruption and act as role models for others. 2. How can we make Anti-Corruption Bureau more efficient? • By increasing the personnel strength of ACB. • By giving them more powers. • By paying them handsomely, so that more & more people get attracted towards this Government service and they perform their duties honestly. • By increasing the number of branch offices. • By increasing the frequency of sting operations. • By collaborating with media. • By making sure that every Government office has a hoarding bearing the contact number of ACB. • By making sure that every individual is aware of ACB. For this they can use the media for creating awareness. • By collaborating with the POLICE. 3.How country will prosper by eliminating corruption in government sector? • Supporting social activists, specially NGO’s government servants, and political leaders who take a lead in fighting corruption and act as role models for others by fighting corruption. 4. How can we get our work done by not paying any extra money (bribe)? • Create personal bonds with the officer with your communication skills. • Threaten them to complain to Anti-Corruption Bureau.

• Use the Right To Information Act to derive information. • Tell them that you are from media. • Bring the references of their higher authorities or political contacts. (if you have any)

Technique 5:

Ask Why ?? Corruption is still prevalent in India.

WHY? There are givers and takers of bribe.

WHY?

WHY? WHY?

Givers, because they want to get their work done.

Takers, because they don’t get enough salary.

They aren’t afraid of getting caught.

WHY?

WHY?

WHY?

Red tapism and bureaucratic delay.

WHY?

Govt. Policy

Government pays them less.

WHY?

Govt. Policy

No efficient system to keep a vigilance.

WHY? Anti-corruption bureau is not that efficient.

Tool 2: Pros, cons and fixes Question: If IPL is to be held in India then among Mumbai and Bangalore which is more suitable?

MUMBAI • If Mumbai is selected as a location to host IPL matches, then we have to consider all the international stadiums available. • Mumbai as a whole houses 3 international stadiums. They are Wankhede and Brabourne both located at Marine Drive and Dr. DY Patil Sports Complex located in Nerul, Navi Mumbai.

• Wankhede and Brabourne are old when compared with DY Patil. Wankhede was founded in the year 1974, Brabourne way back in 1937 while DY Patil in the year 2008.

Wankhede Stadium

DY Patil Stadium

Brabourne Stadium

PROS 1. Highest revenue collector in India. 2. Good bowling pitches. 3. Availability of Floodlights. 4. Well connected with airport. 5. Better accommodation facility. 6. Large number of cricket lovers. 7. Houses 3 international cricket stadiumsWankhede, Brabourne and DY Patil. 8. Easy transportation. 9. Key location as maximum number of star hotels in close vicinity. 10.Easily accessible for rest of the world. 11.Ample parking space at DY Patil stadium. 12.Uninterrupted power supply.

CONS 1. Less seating capacity of Wankhede (45,000) and Brabourne (20,000). 2. Accommodation is very expensive. 3. Old infrastructure of Wankhede and Brabourne. 4. High humidity (avg. 79%) due to close vicinity of sea. 5. High Pollution rate. 6. Shorter boundary ropes. 7. Security concerns due to recent terrorist attacks. 8. Erratic Crowd. 9. Small VIP stand of Wankhede (9000). 10.Sea breeze affects bowling speeds at Wankhede and Brabourne. 11.Fewer parking spaces at Wankhede and Brabourne. 12.Away from city (DY Patil). 13.Obstruction to viewing due support pillars at Wankhede and Brabourne. 14.More possibility of rain.

CONS

1. Less seating capacity of Wankhede(45,000) and Brabourne (40,000). 2. Accommodation is very expensive. 3. Old infrastructure of Wankhede and Brabourne. 4. High humidity (avg. 79%) due to close vicinity of sea. 5. Shorter boundary ropes. 6. Security concerns due to recent terrorist attacks. 7. Erratic public.

8. Small VIP stands of Wankhede (9000) and Brabourne(8000). 9. Fewer parking spaces at Wankhede and Brabourne. 10.Obstruction to viewing due support pillars at Wankhede and Brabourne. 11.More possibility of rain.

FIXES

1. Choose DY Patil stadium having seating capacity of 55,000. 2. Not fixed. 3. Opt for DY Patil which has all modern amenities. 4. Not fixed. 5. Opt for DY Patil. 6. Increase the security forces by calling in CRPF. 7. Assign security personnel to each stand who will take strict action against public violating the rules. 8. Choose DY Patil Stadium. Has 14,000 Capacity VIP stand. 9. Opt for DY Patil. 10.Opt for DY Patil. It has got cantilever roof structure. 11.Not fixed.

12.High Pollution rate. 12.Not fixed.

BANGALORE

M. Chinnaswamy Stadium

PROS 1. Large seating capacity (55,000). 2. Floodlights available. 3. Premier stadium rating by General Secretariat for sports (SGS). 4. Wider boundaries. 5. Large VIP stand. 6. Pitch helps batsman and fast bowlers. 7. Low humidity (avg. 49%).

CONS 1. Dew factor in night matches. 2. Parking space. 3. Accomodation problems. 4. Less number of star hotels. 5. Heavy traffic. 6. Frequent electricity cuts. 7. Less number of crowds. 8. Not well connected with intercity transport. 9. Small size of the airport.

8. Blue-fi zone. 9. No security glitches.

CONS 1. Dew factor in night matches. 2. Parking space. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Accommodation problems. Less number of star hotels. Heavy traffic. Frequent electricity cuts.

7. Less number of crowds. 8. Not well connected with intercity transport.

FIXES 1. Not fixed. 2. Allocate additional parking space elsewhere and provide to transport to the stadium. 3. Not fixed. 4. Not fixed. 5. Not fixed. 6. Try to conserve electricity. 7. Undertake massive promotional activity. 8. Assign additional transport

9. Small size of the airport.

during the matches. 9. Not fixed.

SOLUTION: Taking into consideration the above facts Mumbai stands much above Bangalore. In Mumbai also DY Patil Stadium is much more suitable compared to the other two.

Tool 3: Divergent / Convergent thinking Ticketless traveling in India

STEP ONE: DIVERGE AND CONVERGE 1. Ticket Swiping: This involves Automatic train doors, where passengers are allowed in i.e. train doors open only by swiping of the valid ticket card. 2. Video Camera Surveillance on the platforms: • This will insure that there is strict monitoring of activities on the platform. • This includes surveillance of activities such as purchase of tickets and platform decorum. • This will help reduce the chances of ticket less traveling as well as inside corruption. 3. Strict Punishments for ticket less travelers: • This will insure that people will take ticket less traveling more seriously • “Consequences determine behavior” • The fear of severe punishment will reduce the chances of people resorting to this action. 4. No Tolerance Policy for the people that are caught: • People must be told and made aware that ticket less travelers when caught will not be left Scot free. • Not only will they be thrown out of the train but they will also be severely punished. 5. A Systematic, Organized ticketing system: • This includes both the: • Vending of tickets as well as the

• Collecting/checking of tickets 6. Increase Vigilant Manpower: • This includes increasing the number of guards, TC’s, police and other help that will check and catch ticket less travelers. • Their presence will instill fear within the people and command discipline. 7. Ticket collectors or valets present at every train entrance to usher in only those with tickets: • They will be present at every entrance on the train. • People will be let in only if they have the ticket • This is similar to the system used in movie cinema halls. 8. Separate entry and exit doors: • This will help avoid confusion and decrease chances of misdemeanor 9. Computerized passenger database system in the trains: • That is connected with the ticket wending counter. • It will show the number of passengers that have bought the tickets and the number of passengers that are supposed to be on board. 10.

Automatic Ticket Vending: • Because the entire process is automatic, there will be very little chances of corruption and false records.

11. Sensor enabled rotating doors that allow only one passenger at a time: • This will insure that only one passenger can enter the door at one time.

• This will also be beneficial to the guards preset near there doors checking the tickets and authorizing the entry of the passengers. 12.

Guards at the exit doors: • They will check the ticket of the passengers while they are leaving. • This will leave no room for ticket less travelers to escape or get away with not purchasing a ticket.

13.

Police surveillance on the station and platforms: • This will ensure decorum • Keep terrorists and other potential threats at bay • Ensure security and safety • Curb corruption • Instill fear in the minds of the public against resorting to unlawful means of traveling.

14. Creating awareness within the general, uneducated strata’s of society that ticket less travel on public transport is a crime: • Once people are aware that this is against the law and • Strict action will be taken, people will be more reluctant to take that chance 15.

Increase the payment of the Ticket Collectors: • This will give them incentives to work harder • Curb corruption.

16. Headcounts, strict, regular checking of the number of passengers on board: • Thus authorities can keep check and • Those traveling without 17. Checking of ticket stubs at the time of departure at all the exit doors:

• This will ensure that there is no loop hole in the strict checking system when the passengers were on board. 18. A computerized MIS system connecting all the trains and stations so every movement of trains and passengers can be monitored: • This will reduce the unlawful use of ticket less traveling accounting to corruption, negligence of the collectors or gatekeepers. • This MIS will store and update data of the passengers getting in and off at every station. The collectors in the train can check this data to get a fairly accurate idea of how many people should be present in the train at that time. 19. Portable Devices handed to the Ticket Collectors: • With the help pf which, the TC’S can get • Updated information about the number of passengers that are supposed to be on board. • maintain contact with the authorities and the ticket vendors • and file complaints immediately 20. Video Camera Surveillance inside the trains: • This will monitor behavior inside the trains • Behavior of both authorities as well as the passengers. • Will curb corruption and misdemeanor. 21. Giving incentives to the TC’S for the number of people booked: • This the TC’C will be more focused and involved on their job • They will be more vigilant and wont let people go Scot free • It will reduce corruption. 22. Rewarding people for catching fellow passengers traveling without tickets:

• Once every one is on watch, this will reduce the chances of people traveling without tickets. 23. Outsourcing of the railway department to a more equipped and vigilant party

STEP TWO: BRAINSTORM • Involves sorting out and analyzing the ideas generated during the step one. • Leads to the step three which is sieving the practical ideas. STEP THREE: WINNOW AND CLUSTER • Involves sieving the practical ideas. • After winnowing and clustering, the following are the short listed ideas 1. Ticket Swiping: 2. Giving incentives to the TC’S for the number of people booked: 3. Video Camera Surveillance inside the trains: 4. A computerized MIS system connecting all the trains and stations so every movement of trains and passengers can be monitored: 5. Checking of ticket stubs at the time of departure at all the exit doors: 6. Headcounts, strict, regular checking of the number of passengers on board: 7. Increase the payment of the Ticket Collectors:

8. Creating awareness within the general, uneducated strata’s of society that ticket less travel on public transport is a crime: 9. Police surveillance on the station and platforms: 10. Guards at the exit doors: 11. Separate entry and exit doors: 12. Ticket collectors or valets present at every train entrance to usher in only those with tickets: 13. Increase Vigilant Manpower: 14. Strict Punishments for ticket less travelers: 15. Video Camera Surveillance on the platforms: 16. Rewarding people for catching fellow passengers traveling without tickets. STEP FOUR: SELECT THE PRACTICAL IDEAS: 1. Ticket Swiping. 2. Video Camera Surveillance inside the trains. 3. A computerized MIS system connecting all the trains and stations so every movement trains and passengers can be monitored. 4. Police surveillance on the station and platforms: 5. Guards at the entry and exit doors: 6. Rewarding people for catching/reporting fellow passengers traveling without tickets: 7. Increase Vigilant Manpower: 8. Strict Punishments for ticket less travelers:

Tool 4: Weighted Average Ranking

Step1: Select five channels We have selected five Movie channels

Step 2: List all major criteria for ranking We have selected following four criteria

Criteria Block Buster Movies Premier Movies Availability of channel TRP

Step 3: Pair rank the criteria Criteria

Tally Mark

Block Buster Movies

|

Premier Movies

||

Availability of channel

|||

TRP

Step 4: Select best criteria and weight them in percentile Criteria

Tally Mark

Points

Percentile

Block Buster Movies

|

20

0.20

Premier Movies

||

30

0.30

Availability of channel

|||

40

0.40

TRP

10

0.10

Total

100

1.00

Step 5: Construct a weighted ranking matrix Criteria Channels

Star Gold

SetMax

ZEE Cinema

Filmy

UtvMovies

Block Buster Movies

Premier Movies

Availability of channel

TRP

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.10

Step 6: Pair Rank all Channels by each criteria Criteria Block Buster Movies

Premier Movies

Availability of channel

TRP

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.10

Star Gold

||

||

||

||

SetMax

|||

|||

|||

||||

||||

|||

|

|

Channels

ZEE Cinema Filmy

UtvMovies

|

|

||||

||||

Step 7: Multiply number of votes by criteria’s weightage Criteria

Channels

Block Buster Movies .20* 0.20 Tally mark

Premier Movies

Availability of channel

TRP

0.30

.30* Tally mark

0.40

.40* Tally mark

0.10

.10* Tally mark

Star Gold

||

0.4

||

0.6

||

0.8

||

0.2

SetMax

|||

0.6

|||

0.9

|||

1.2

||| |

0.4

0.0

||| |

1.6

|||

0.3

ZEE Cinema Filmy

UtvMovies

0.0 |

0.2

|

0.3

||||

0.8

||| |

1.2

0.0 |

0.4

0 |

0.1

Step 8: Add weighted values and determine final ranking Criteria

Channels

Block Buster Movies .20* 0.2 Tally 0 mar k

Premier Movies 0.3 0

.30* Tally mar k

Availabilit y of channel .40* 0.4 Tally 0 mar k

TRP

0.1 0

.10* Tally mar k

Total values

Final Rank

Star Gold

||

0.4

||

0.6

||

0.8

||

0.2

2

3

SetMax

|||

0.6

|||

0.9

|||

1.2

||| |

0.4

3.1

1

0.0

||| |

1.6

|||

0.3

1.9

4

0

0.5

5

0.1

2.5

2

ZEE Cinema Filmy UtvMovie s

0.0 |

0.2

|

0.3

||| |

0.8

||| |

1.2

0.0 |

0.4

FINAL RANKING 1. Set Max 2. UTV movies 3. Star Gold 4. Zee Cinema 5. Filmy

|