Preparation For Sem

Environmental Engineering Laboratory By: Ngoc Thuan Le

Preparation for SEM Apparatus The microbial structure of granules was examined with a scanning electron microscope (SEM; Jeol JSM-6380LV(Japan)). Procedure The granule samples were gently washed with phosphate buffer solution and allowed to settle naturally. 2. Granules then were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and left for 4 h. 3. The fixed granules were dehydrated by successive passages through 40, 60, 80 and 1.

100% ethanol. 4. Then they were dried either by Freeze Dryer or Critical Point Dryer (model E3000). 5. And finally observed by SEM. Reagents - Phosphate buffer solution o 0.2 M sodium phosphate buffer (1000 ㎖) o NaH2PO4.2H2O (MW = 156.01) 31.202 g o DW 800 ㎖ o Adjust pH 7.3 with NaOH pellet. o Add DW to 1000 ㎖. - 4% paraformaldehyde: 10.8ml paraformaldehyde (37%), bring to 100ml with DW. - Ethanol Reference: “The effects of shear force on the formation, structure and metabolism of aerobic granules” J.-H. Tay · Q.-S. Liu · Y. Liu Appl Microbiol Biotechnol (2001) 57:227–233 DOI 10.1007/s002530100766