Power Point English Four

EN GL ISH AT HAND

Past Tense Where were you born? I was born in Argentina. Were you born in Buenos Aires? Yes, I was. No, I wasn’t. I was born in Córdova. When did you move to los Angeles? I moved here ten years ago. I didn’t speak English.

Past Tense

Did you take English classes in Argentina? Yes, I did. I took classes for a year. No, I didn’t. My aunt taught me at home.

Used to

I used to be very messy, but now, I’m very neat. Did you use to collect things? Yes, I used to collect comic books. No, I didn’t use to collect anything, but now I collect art What sports did you use to play? I never used to play sports, but now I play tennis.

Adverbs of quantity



With count nouns



With noncount nouns

  

There are too many cars. There should be fewer cars. We need more subway lines.

  



There aren’t enough buses.



There is too much trafic. There should be less pollution. We need more public transportation. There isn’t enough parking

Indirect questions using Wh-questions



Wh-questions with be



Indirect questions



Where is the bank?





Where are the rest rooms?



Could you tell me where the bank is? Do you know where the rest rooms are?



Wh-questions with do or did



Indirect questions



How often do the buses leave?



Can you tell me how often the buses leave? Do you know what time the bank opens?



What time does the bank open?



In dir ect questio ns u sing Whquestio ns 

When did Flight 566 arrive?



Do you know when Flight 566 arrived?

Evaluations and comparisons



Evaluations with adjectives.



Evaluations with nouns.



Apartments aren’t big enough for families. Apartments are too small for pets.

 

Apartments don’t have enough parking spaces. Houses cost too much money.



Comparisons with nouns



Apartments have just as many rooms as houses. Apartments don’t have as much privacy as houses.



  

Comparisons with adjectives. Houses aren’t as convenient as apartments. Houses are just as convenient as apartments.



List of Irregular Verbs Infinitive

Simple Past Tense

Participle

Meaning

be

was, were

been

SER/ESTAR

break

broke

broken

QUEBRAR

bring

brought

brought

TRAER

buy

bought

bought

COMPRAR

do

did

done

HACER

drive

drove

driven

CONDUCIR

drink

drank

drunk

BEBER

eat

ate

eaten

COMER

forget

forgot

forgotten

OLVIDAR

go

went

gone

IR

grow

grew

grown

CRECER

know

knew

known

SABER-CONOCER

speak

spoke

spoken

HABLAR

take

took

taken

TOMAR

teach

taught

taught

ENSEÑAR

Use of: “Was/Were” -

I He She It

-

Was

+ Yes, I was Yes, You were Yes, He was Yes, She was Yes, It was Yes, We were Yes, They were

You We They

No, I wasn’t No, You weren’t No, He wasn’t No, She wasn’t No, It wasn’t No, We weren’t No, They weren’t

Were

List of Irregular Verbs Infinitive

Simple Past Tense

Participle

Meaning

be

was, were

been

SER/ESTAR

break

broke

broken

QUEBRAR

bring

brought

brought

TRAER

buy

bought

bought

COMPRAR

do

did

done

HACER

drive

drove

driven

CONDUCIR

drink

drank

drunk

BEBER

eat

ate

eaten

COMER

forget

forgot

forgotten

OLVIDAR

go

went

gone

IR

grow

grew

grown

CRECER

know

knew

know

SABER-CONOCER

speak

spoke

spoken

HABLAR

take

took

taken

TOMAR

teach

taught

taught

ENSEÑAR

Use of: “Did”       

I did You did He did She did It did We did They did

Examples: Did you go to the supermarket? – Yes, I did / No, I didn’t Did he go to the zoo yesterday? – Yes, he did / No, He didn’t Did she go shopping last week? – Yes She did / No, She didn’t Did they go to the cinema? – Yes They did / No, They didn’t

List of Regular Verbs Infinitive

Simple Past Tense

Participle

Meaning

Arrive

Arrived

Arrived

Llegar

Believe

Believed

Believed

Creer

Cough

Coughed

Coughed

Toser

Guess

Guessed

Guessed

Adivinar, Suponer

Happen

Happened

Happened

Suceder

Hate

Hated

Hated

Odiar, Cargarle a uno

Learn

Learned

Learned

Aprender

Move

Moved

Moved

Mover, Trasladar, Cambiarse

Play

Played

Played

Jugar, Tocar,

Slow

Slowed

Slowed

Disminuir

Sneeze

Sneezed

Sneezed

Estornudar

Snow

Snowed

Snowed

Nevar

Work

Worked

Worked

Trabajar, funcionar

List of Irregular Verbs Infinitive

Simple Past Tense

Participle

Meaning

be

was, were

been

SER/ESTAR

break

broke

broken

QUEBRAR

bring

brought

brought

TRAER

buy

bought

bought

COMPRAR

do

did

done

HACER

drive

drove

driven

CONDUCIR

drink

drank

drunk

BEBER

eat

ate

eaten

COMER

forget

forgot

forgotten

OLVIDAR

go

went

gone

IR

grow

grew

grown

CRECER

know

knew

know

SABER-CONOCER

speak

spoke

spoken

HABLAR

take

took

taken

TOMAR

teach

taught

taught

ENSEÑAR

List of Irregular Verbs Infinitive

Simple Past Tense

Participle

Meaning

be

was, were

been

SER/ESTAR

break

broke

broken

QUEBRAR

bring

brought

brought

TRAER

buy

bought

bought

COMPRAR

do

did

done

HACER

drive

drove

driven

CONDUCIR

drink

drank

drunk

BEBER

eat

ate

eaten

COMER

forget

forgot

forgotten

OLVIDAR

go

went

gone

IR

grow

grew

grown

CRECER

know

knew

know

SABER-CONOCER

speak

spoke

spoken

HABLAR

take

took

taken

TOMAR

teach

taught

taught

ENSEÑAR

Used to

Past



“When I was a Kid, I used to be very messy, but now I’m very neat.

Adverbs of quantity Examples



Too many + count nouns “There are too many cars”





Less + noncount nouns “There should be less pollution”

Wish Some Examples of Wish How to Use it I live with my Parents. I Wish I had my own apartment. We can’t move out. We Wish We Could move out. She drank too much at the party. She Wishes She hadn’t drunk so much at the party.

Simple Past VS Present Perfect

How to Use Simple Past How to Use Present Perfect Last Sunday I ate chinese food Yesterday I went to the cinema with my friends I have worked in this bank for ten years I have missed my Job

Seq uen ce A dverbs First ,Then ,Next ,After ,Finally Some examples

Futu re wit h be going to and wi ll What are you going to do on the weekend? I'm going to dance with my girlfriend I’m going to relax at the beach What about you, any plans ? I’m not sure, Maybe I’ll watch a few DVDs.

Mo dals f or ne ces sity an d Su gge st ion s How to Use Modal Verbs The red light means you must stop You need to make a reservation I will have to buy the tickets before. You'd better avoid being late you ought to pack a first-aid kit You should be dancing Next Carlos

Wish

Return

I liv e with my Pa re nts . Return

Sh e dra nk too mu ch at the par ty.

Return

We Wish We Could move Return out

I ‘ve missed my Job

Return

I'm goi ng to dance with Return my gi rl frie nd subje ct + b e + goin g t o + v erb in i nfi nitive

I’m the

goin g to rela x a t b each

Return

The red light means you Return must s top

I will h ave to b uy t he tic ket s b efor e.

Return

You need to make a reser vati on

Return

You' d bett er avoi d be ing Return late

you ai d

ought to pack a f irst Return kit

Return yo u sh ould b e d ancing

Affirmative: subject + must + verb in infinitive Negative : subject + must + not + verb in infinitive Interrogative : must + subject + verb in infinitive

Present

Past

Future

Return

Affirmative

Negative

Interrogative

must

mustn't

must I?

have to

don't have to / haven't got to

do I have to?

needn't

have I got to?

hadn't got to

had I got to?

didn't have to

did I have to?

won't have to

will I have to?

had to

will have to

Wish

Subj ect + Wi sh + Subj ect + Ve rb in past tense to refe r to p resent wishe s Return Subject

How to use

Present wishes

I

Wish

I + Verb Past Tense

You

Wish

You + Verb Past Tense

She / He / IT

Wishes

She / He / IT + Verb Past Tense

We

Wish

We + Verb Past Tense

They

Wish

They + Verb Past Tense

Irre gular Ve rb s

Return

Infinitive

Past Tense

Participle

Meaning

be

was, were

been

SER/ESTAR

do

did

done

HACER

have / has

had

had

TENER

take

took

taken

TOMAR

teach

taught

taught

ENSEÑAR

Irre gular Ve rb s

Return

Infinitive

Simple Past Tense

Participle

Meaning

be

was, were

been

SER/ESTAR

do

did

done

HACER

have / has

had

had

TENER

take

took

taken

TOMAR

teach

taught

taught

ENSEÑAR

Pr ese nt Pe rfect Return

Affirmative

Negative

Interrogative

I have gone

I haven't gone

Have I gone ?

You have gone

You haven't gone

Have you gone ?

She / He / IT has gone

He hasn't gone

Has She / He / IT gone

We have gone

We haven't gone

Have we gone ?

They have gone

They haven't gone

Have they gone ?

Simp le Pa st Return

Affirmative

Negative

Interrogative

I went

I didn't go

Did I go ?

You went

You didn't go

Did you go ?

She / He / IT went

She / He / IT didn't go

We went

We didn't go

Did we go ?

They went

They didn't go

Did they go ?

did She / He / IT go

Irre gular Ve rb s

Return

Infinitive

Simple Past Tense

Participle

Meaning

be

was, were

been

SER/ESTAR

do

did

done

HACER

eat

ate

eaten

COMER

take

took

taken

TOMAR

teach

taught

taught

ENSEÑAR

Irre gular Ve rb s

Return

Infinitive

Simple Past Tense

Participle

Meaning

be

was, were

been

SER/ESTAR

do

did

done

HACER

go

went

gone

IR

take

took

taken

TOMAR

teach

taught

taught

ENSEÑAR

Irre gular Ve rb s

Return

Infinitive

Simple Past Tense

Participle

Meaning

be

was, were

been

SER/ESTAR

do

did

done

HACER

go

went

gone

IR

take

took

taken

TOMAR

teach

taught

taught

ENSEÑAR

Irre gular Ve rb s

Return

Infinitive

Simple Past Tense

Participle

Meaning

be

was, were

been

SER/ESTAR

buy

bought

bought

COMPRAR

do

did

done

HACER

take

took

taken

TOMAR

teach

taught

taught

ENSEÑAR

Irre gular Ve rb s

Return

Infinitive

Simple Past Tense

Participle

Meaning

be

was, were

been

SER/ESTAR

do

did

done

HACER

go

went

gone

IR

take

took

taken

TOMAR

teach

taught

taught

ENSEÑAR

Re gulars Ve rbs

Return

Infinitive

Simple Past Tense

Participle

Meaning

Call

called

called

LLAMAR

Fix

fixed

fixed

ARREGLAR

Miss

missed

missed

PERDER

Turn

turned

turned

GIRAR

Work

worked

worked

TRABAJAR

Pr ese nt Pe rfect

Return

Tw o-part verbs, wi ll for respondi ng to requests With nouns

With pronouns

Turn down the radio. Turn the radio down. Pick up those leaves. Pick your tools up. Please let the dog out. Please let out the dog

Turn it down. Pick them up.

Requests and responses

Please turn down the music. OK. I’ll turn it down. Pick up your clothes, please. All right. I’ll pick them up. Let the dog out, please. OK. I’ll let it out.

Requests with modals and Would you mind…?

Turn Down

Pick up

Let out

Return

Pe rso nal Pr onouns Personal Pronouns Singular

Subjective

Possessive

Objective

1st person

I

my, mine

me

2nd person you

your, yours you

3rd person

he she it

his her, hers its

him her it

1st person

we

our, ours

us

2nd person

you

your, yours

you

they

their, theirs

them

Plural

3rd person

Two-part verbs, will for responding to requests

Request s with modals and Woul d you m ind Modal + simple form of verb

Would you mind … + gerund

Can you turn the stereo off?

Would you mind turning the stereo down

Could you close the door, please?

Would you mind closing the door,please?

Would you please take your garbage out? Would you mind not putting your garbage here?

Infinitives and gerunds for uses and purposes

Mo dals Affirmative

Negative

Interrogative

I can go

I can't go

Can I go ?

I could go

I couldn't go

Could I go ?

I may go

I may not go

May I go ?

I might go

I might not go

Might I go ?

I must go

I mustn't go

Must I go ?

I should go

I shouldn't go

Should I go ?

I would go

I wouldn't go

Would I go ?

Requests with modals and Would you mind…?

Inf ini ti ves and gerunds for uses and purposes

Infinitives

Gerunds

I use my computer to send e-mails.

I use my computer for sending e-mails.

Computers are often used to pay bills.

Computers are often used for paying bills.

I use my car to go to work

I use my car for going to work.

Imperatives and infinitives for giving suggestions

Irre gula r Ve rb s Infinitive

Simple Past Tense

Participle

Gerunds

Meaning

Take Send Pay Go Be Forget Make Give Have/Has Keep Know Learn Lose Meet Sleep Speak Spend Swim

Took Sent Paid Went Was/Were Forgot Made Gave Had Kept Knew Learned/Learnt Lost Met Slept Spoke Spent Swam

Taken Sent Paid Gone Been Forgotten Made Given Had Kept Know Learned/Learnt Lost Met Slept Spoken Spent Swum

Taking Sending Paying Going Being Forgeting Making Giving Having Keeping Knowing Learning Losing Meeting Sleeping Speaking Spending Swimming

Tomar Enviar Pagar Ir Ser/Estar Olvidar Preparar Dar Tener Mantener Saber/Conocer Aprender Perder Reunir/Encontrarse Dormir Hablar Permanecer/Gastar Nadar

Infinitives and gerunds for uses and purposes

Re gula r Ve rbs Infinitive

Simple Past Tense

Turn Close Remember Try Celebrate Greet Guess Hail Hunt Identify Ignore Imagine Impress Improve Jump

Turned Closed Remembered Tried Celebrated Greeted Guessed Hailed Hunted Identified Ignored Imagined Impressed Improved Jumped

Participle

Gerunds

Meaning

Turned Turning Girar Closed Closing Cerrar Remembered Remembering Recordar Tried Trying Tratar Celebrated Celebrating Celebrar Greeted Greeting Saludar Guessed Guessing Adivinar/Suponer Hailed Hailing Granizar Hunted Hunting Cazar Identified Identifiying Identificar Ignored Ignoring Ignorar Imagined Imagining Imaginar Impressed Impressing Impresionar Improved Improving Mejorar Jumped Jumping Saltar

Requests with modals and Would you mind…?

Imper ati ves and inf ini tives for givi ng suggesti ons

Be sure to turn it on.

Remember to pay the bill every month.

Don´t forget to dial the area code.

Try not to talk for too long.

Make sure to hit the “end” button.

Try to arrive early today.

Relative clauses of time

Rel at ive cl aus es of ti me Thanksgiving is a day.

When North Americans celebrate the harvest .

February 14 is the day.

When people give cards to the ones they love.

New Year´s Eve is a night.

When I have fun with my friends.

Next Grammar Focus

Thanksgiving

February 14

New Year´s eve

Relative clauses of time

Adver bial cl aus es of ti me When people get married in Japan,

they sometimes have the ceremony at a shrine.

After the food is served,

the guests give speeches or sing songs.

Before the guests leave,

the bride and groom give them presents.

She began cooking while I was finishing my homework.

Af ter  Future tense is used in this adverbial clause. After she graduates, she will get a job. I will leave before he comes.

When  When I arrived, he was talking on the phone.

 When I see him tomorrow, I will ask him.

Whil e/As

During that time. * Adverb clause is in past progressive. While I was walking home, it began to rain.

As I was walking home, it began to rain.

By t he t ime  By the time he arrived, we had already left.  By the time he comes, we will have already left.

Sin ce  From that time to the present  The present perfect is used in the main clause.  I haven’t seen him since he left this morning.  I’ve known her ever since I was a child.

Un til  We stayed there until we finished our lesson.  We stayed there till we finished our lesson.

As so on a s On ce  As soon as it starts raining, we will leave.

 Once I have a chance, I will throw you an ice ball.

As lo ng a s From the Beginning to the end.  I will never speak to him as long as I live.  I will never speak to him so long as I live.

Wheneve r Eve ry t ime  Whenever I see her, I say hello.

 Every time I see her, I say hello.

Th e firs t t ime, the se cond time…  The first time that I went to New York, I went to an opera.

 I saw two plays the last time (that) I went to New York.  The next time (that) I go to New York, I’m going to see a ballet.