Pathophysiology Of Congestive Heart Failure.docx

Pathophysiology of Congestive heart failure

MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS            

Hypertension Coronary Heart disease Valvular disease Arteriosclerosis Atherosclerosis Diabetes Obesity Viruses Diet Heart attack Smoking Congenital heart defects

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Change in Endothelial tissue Weakening of right ventricle

Right ventricular hypertrophy

Non modifiable risk factors

Narrowing of vessel with plaque Thrombus formation

Age (60-69) Gender Ethnicity (south asians in UK are twice likely to develop CAD; African Caribbean have increased average risk)

Increase workload; walls thicken Backflow of blood circulation Anaerobic metabolism

Myocardial Dysfunction Right sided heart failure Myocardial Failiure

Decrease systemic bloodflow

Altered systemic perfusion

Anterior Myocardial Infarction

Lactic acid build up

ST Depression Chest pain Troponin 1

Neurohormonal activation

Activation of RAAS

Vasoconstriction of small arterioles

Increase sympathetic activity

Release of epinephrine and norepinephrine

Increase myocardial workload

Increase peripheral vascular resistance

Increase aldosterone release

UNDERLINED- Risk Factors of Patient RED- Symptoms Manifested by Patient GREY- Complications

Atrial Fibrillation

Prolonged QT wave

Prolonged P wave

Heart Attack Decrease in perfusion in tissues DEATH

EDEMA

Decrease ventricular inotropy

Decreased Stroke volume

Increase sodium and water retention

Increase BUN

Decrease end systolic volume

Systemic Hypoxemia Systemic Hypoxia Use of Accessory muscles for Respiration

Fatigue