Parte 5

É proibida a reprodução e a venda sem autorização da autora. (Proteção dos direitos autorais: CF/88, Lei 9610/98 e Lei 10.695/03)



 
 
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1

De acordo com José Afonso da Silva, “a estabilidade das Constituições não deve ser absoluta, não pode significar imutabilidade. Não há Constituição imutável diante da realidade cambiante”. Assim também Zeno Veloso, em Controle Jurisdicional de Constitucionalidade, Editora Del Rey, BH, entre outros.

1

É proibida a reprodução e a venda sem autorização da autora. (Proteção dos direitos autorais: CF/88, Lei 9610/98 e Lei 10.695/03)

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2

Observar que nem todo projeto legislativo vai à plenário, conforme o art. 58, parágrafo 2, inciso I, da CF. É bom lembrar que o veto pode ser derrubado pelo Congresso Nacional, de acordo com o art. 66, parágrafos 4 e 6, da CF. 4 Zeno Veloso, Controle Jurisdicional de Constitucionalidade, Editora Del Rey, BH, p. 158. 3

2

É proibida a reprodução e a venda sem autorização da autora. (Proteção dos direitos autorais: CF/88, Lei 9610/98 e Lei 10.695/03)

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Atente-se para o fato de ser esta competência exclusiva dos chefes do Executivo e do Legislativo e não se estende aos seus subordinados. Caberá a esses apenas não aplicar a decisão de seus chefes.

3

É proibida a reprodução e a venda sem autorização da autora. (Proteção dos direitos autorais: CF/88, Lei 9610/98 e Lei 10.695/03)

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O juiz Marshall decidiu questão demandada no caso Marbury X Madison, declarando pela primeira vez a inconstitucionalidade de lei por via jurisdicional. 7 A palavra exceção é empregada em sentido amplo para abranger toda a matéria da defesa, significando defesa. José Afonso da Silva, Da Jurisdição Constitucional no Brasil e na América Latina, p. 127. 8 Clèmerson Merlin Clève, Fiscalização Abstrata da Constitucionalidade no Direito Brasileiro, Editora Revista dos Tribunais, p. 99. 9 A inconstitucionalidade pronunciada pelo tribunal, sem satisfação da exigência referida, implicará a aplicação da lei contestada como se fosse constitucional. Clèmerson, p. 102.

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É proibida a reprodução e a venda sem autorização da autora. (Proteção dos direitos autorais: CF/88, Lei 9610/98 e Lei 10.695/03)

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José A. da Silva, Curso de Direito Constitucional Positivo, p.54. Clèmerson, p. 130.

5

É proibida a reprodução e a venda sem autorização da autora. (Proteção dos direitos autorais: CF/88, Lei 9610/98 e Lei 10.695/03)

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Clèmerson, p. 139. Zeno Veloso, p. 61. 14 Clèmerson, p. 162. 15 idem. 16 Assim ADIn 109-4, DJU 07.12.1989, RT 651:200 e ADIn 131-1, DJU 07.12.1989, RT 651:201. 13

6

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17

Clèmerson, p. 244. De acordo com Clèmerson, p. 250, “é possível estabelecer distinção entre puro efeito repristinatório e a repristinação. Por efeito repristinatório identificar-se-ia o fenômeno da reentrada em vigor da norma aparentemente revogada. Já a repristinação, instituto distinto, substanciaria a reentrada em vigor da norma efetivamente revogada em função da revogação (mas não da anulação) da norma revogadora. A repristinação, salvo hipótese de expressa previsão legislativa, inocorre no direito brasileiro”. 18

7

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Clèmerson alerta para o fato de que “a ação direta de constitucionalidade não exprime absoluta novidade do direito brasileiro. Com efeito, a ação de inconstitucionalidade é também uma ação de constitucionalidade” porque “o STF, na ação de inconstitucionalidade, tanto pode declarar a constitucionalidade como a inconstitucionalidade do ato impugnado”. Pag. 290. Da mesma forma, pela natureza dúplice ou ambivalente da ADIn, Gilmar Ferreira Mendes, Ação declaratoria de constitucionalidade, p. 78; entre outros. 20 Zeno Veloso, pag. 281. 21 Clèmerson, p. 244.

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24

Clèmerson, p. 244. Clèmerson, p. 366. 26 Clèmerson, p. 327. 27 Desde que a norma reglamentadora seja em tese, não cabível em razão de ato administrativo concreto, por exemplo. 25

10

É proibida a reprodução e a venda sem autorização da autora. (Proteção dos direitos autorais: CF/88, Lei 9610/98 e Lei 10.695/03)

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23

É proibida a reprodução e a venda sem autorização da autora. (Proteção dos direitos autorais: CF/88, Lei 9610/98 e Lei 10.695/03)

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Atualmente, o item 3 está correto por força da alteração sofrida pela CF através da EC 45, de 2004.

3
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É proibida a reprodução e a venda sem autorização da autora. (Proteção dos direitos autorais: CF/88, Lei 9610/98 e Lei 10.695/03)

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44

É proibida a reprodução e a venda sem autorização da autora. (Proteção dos direitos autorais: CF/88, Lei 9610/98 e Lei 10.695/03)

 –™” ø ON ü!û— à!Ë\— “A’0 0 0 û$•ZF !VG ´û“0•#à!Ê#’fÈÆÉ3Ì çNÊ3q— à!Ë\’ à “#” — ” É#Ë\— ’ à#Ì•x•#à͙— Ê3t•#“A“\qÊ •!Ë\— “!’s!’q#• à#Ê ’s&T•!Ê •3–=Ì û•#“#” • ‘T’!Ê •3–Xó#û“0•!“A“A— èžÊ •#“0•™ÈS –)û“ É0“Á‘£•#à!Ê!•3–DWÌ !• %•!þ — Ë2óË\— fõ,m&û! –™” ø*7Aüû— à!Ë\— “A’/.8Áø KË Ë\’#–=–F•” 9 ’ fÊ • Ë\— “ ’%Ê!• þ — à!— ” —=ÍSfÊ •v2 è ;3–F— ” ’b•3~ è 1HI0 à$‘N–X’ÊÉ L’ “ • þ • — ” ’ % “ É3•LÌ •v“’$‘N–, \‘N–X— ’ “— àÊ •2‘•#à!Ê!•#à” •3è%• à” •LÊ • ÉAÌ É#•3–TN” ’%Ê#? ’ #• à#Ê 9 ’ &T•!Ê •3–=!Ì ø :Ê Ë\’#–=–F•”  ’ $•3襖F•2çN–=#û’L• þˆ• — ” ’v“0•3–=óv–S•” –X’#N” —=͙’!ø :• Ë\’#–=–F•”  ’ $•2æËA•2‘£Ë\— ’ à#Ì èb• à” • ’%• þ • — ” ’Là ’ –F•” –X’#0çT— –=ó%N” ; ’Là#!“0Ë\— èb•#à” ’LÊ#LÌ •#— ø 52 - (ESAF/Especialista do Ministério do Planejamento e Orçamento (MPO) - 2005) Assinale a opção correta. a) Os tribunais de justiça nos Estados podem desempenhar o controle abstrato de leis estaduais e municipais em face diretamente da Constituição Federal. b) Somente o Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) é competente para desempenhar o controle incidental de constitucionalidade no Brasil. c) Qualquer indivíduo que tenha sofrido afronta a um direito fundamental pode ajuizar uma ação por descumprimento de preceito fundamental, perante o STF, desde que tenha exaurido os meios ordinários para restaurar o seu direito. d) As decisões de mérito do Supremo Tribunal Federal, tanto na ação direta de inconstitucionalidade como na ação declaratória de constitucionalidade, possuem efeito vinculante para os demais tribunais e para a Administração Pública, independentemente de a decisão ser sumulada pela Corte. e) Em nenhum caso, decisão administrativa de tribunais ou as normas do seu regimento interno podem ser objeto de ação direta de inconstitucionalidade.

#• “Á‘T’ “#”   •3–=–=Ê#’6 os tribunais de justiça nos Estados só podem desempenhar o controle abstrato de leis estaduais e  

municipais em face diretamente da Constituição Estadual.


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&8•L’Z$gp‘T’!Ê •#膕2æ•3–FËA•3–’%Ë\’ à” –X’ Ì •LË\’ à!ËA• à” –=Ê#’%Ê#!“$Ì • — “%É3•0ûT•3襖F•2çT–=#û“0• èv!à!— þ •#“#” $‘£• Ì ’v2 è ;” ’Ê#’LË\’!àËA•#à” –=Ê#’!ø KË •3–=–=Ê#2 ’ $ “ %“ !’%Ì •2çT— ” — èLÊ#’ “‘N –=%‘N–X’\‘T’ “0— ” ÉA–=fÊ!•fÉAèv%  IHk\T&g É3• Ì •#“ Ê#’L –™” ø ON ! ûTÊ#  -&ûTÊ •vË\’#–FÊ#’bË\’#膐bö!•#— ÷#ø ù ù0ü!ûN –™” ø ü G Uø SÉ ” –X!“€‘£•#“A“A’#! “ É3•%“0•Íí•SÈS!èÜË\’ à!Ë2–F•” !è%•#à” •Lþˆ•” Ê#!“€‘T’#–Ì •#—#— à!Ë\’!à “#” — ” É3Ë\— ’ à#́‘£’!Ê •#èÜÊ — “0Ë3É ” — WÌ  ‘T’#– ͙— L— à!Ë\— Ê • à” Ì ø :Ê Ë\’#–=–F•”  ’ $Ê • Ë\’#–FÊ#’LË\’ è¥'  -&û! –™” ø ON ü!*û F ü G ø :• €•3–=–=Ê#? ’ !“ decisões administrativas de tribunais ou as normas do seu regimento interno podem ser objeto de

ação direta de inconstitucionalidade se tiverem como características a abstração e a generalidade. 53 - (ESAF/Analista do Ministério do Planejamento e Orçamento (MPO) - 2005) Sobre controle de constitucionalidade perante a Constituição Federal, assinale a opção correta. a) Compete ao Supremo Tribunal Federal processar e julgar originariamente a ação direta de inconstitucionalidade e a ação declaratória de constitucionalidade de lei ou ato normativo federal ou estadual. b) Compete ao Supremo Tribunal Federal julgar, mediante recurso extraordinário, as causas decididas em única ou última instância quando a decisão recorrida julgar inconstitucional lei ou ato de governo local contestado em face da Constituição Federal. c) Compete ao Supremo Tribunal Federal julgar, mediante recurso extraordinário, as causas decididas em única ou última instância quando a decisão recorrida julgar inválida lei local contestada em face de lei federal. d) Para que o Supremo Tribunal Federal admita recurso extraordinário, é preciso que o recorrente demonstre a repercussão geral da questão constitucional discutida no caso concreto; porém, a recusa, pelo Tribunal, da admissão do recurso extraordinário só poderá ocorrer pela manifestação de dois terços de seus membros. e) As decisões definitivas de mérito, proferidas pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal nas ações diretas de inconstitucionalidade, por força de expressa determinação constitucional, produzirão eficácia contra todos e efeito vinculante, apenas no âmbito da administração pública direta e indireta federal.

45

É proibida a reprodução e a venda sem autorização da autora. (Proteção dos direitos autorais: CF/88, Lei 9610/98 e Lei 10.695/03)

#• “Á‘T’ “#”   €•3–=–=Ê#’? vÊ •LË\’#–FÊ#’fË\’#詒'#%$
&ûT— à” •\çN–=bf“#ÉAgË\’#è‘•” ò#à!Ë\—   

processar e julgar originariamente a ação direta de inconstitucionalidade de lei ou ato normativo federal e estadual e a ação declaratória de constitucionalidade de lei ou ato normativo federal (neste caso não cabe sobre estadual). Ver a CF, art.102, inciso I, alínea a.

ï
Ÿ•3–=–=Ê#’E LÊ •%Ë\’#–FÊ#’gË\’ èܒb –™” ø

ON

üû£— à!Ë\— “A’40 0=0 ûT!Ì ì à!•#8Ë û

compete ao Supremo Tribunal Federal julgar, mediante recurso extraordinário, as causas decididas em única ou última instância quando a decisão recorrida julgar constitucional (válida) lei ou ato de governo local contestado em face da Constituição Federal.

ËK •3–=–=Ê#’6 gÊ •DË\’#–FÊ#’]Ë\’#è[’D –™” ø

ON

ü!û— à!Ë\— “A’+0=0 0 ûÌ ì à•#]Ê ûÊ3M-&û

compete ao Supremo Tribunal Federal julgar, mediante recurso extraordinário, as causas decididas em única ou última instância quando a decisão recorrida julgar a legalidade (válida) lei local contestada em face de lei federal.

Ê:Ë\’#–=–F•” ’ à#%Ì — ” •3–=Ì — Ê#Ê!•LÊ#’  –™” ø ON üû*F !PG ûNÊ3'-&Tø •:•3–=–=Ê# ’ b’e• þ •#— ” ’y͙— à!Ë3É3Ì à” •0û“0•2çÉ3à!Ê#’J•2æA‘N–F•#“A“\JÊ •” •3–=èL— à !’eË\’ à “#” — ” É3Ë\— ’ à#Ì0‘T–X’!ÊÉ — –=óJ• þ — Ë2óË\— 

contra todos e efeito vinculante, no âmbito da administração pública direta e indireta federal, estadual e distrital e em relação aos demais órgãos do Poder Judiciário. 54 - (ESAF/Auditor-Fiscal da Receita Estadual - AFRE - MG – 2005) Sobre o controle de constitucionalidade no Brasil, é correto afirmar: a) Somente o Supremo Tribunal Federal pode exercer o controle abstrato da legitimidade de leis em face da Constituição Federal. b) Os Tribunais de Justiça podem declarar, incidentalmente, a inconstitucionalidade de leis em face da Constituição do Estado, mas não em face da Constituição Federal. c) Um juiz estadual, confrontado com uma questão de inconstitucionalidade de lei estadual, deve suspender o processo e submeter a questão ao Plenário ou ao órgão especial do Tribunal de Justiça a que se vincula. d) Somente juízes federais têm autorização constitucional para declarar, incidentalmente, a inconstitucionalidade de leis federais. e) O Congresso Nacional está expressamente autorizado pela Constituição a declarar a inconstitucionalidade de leis que ele próprio editou. 

•#“Á‘T’ “#” 

a) correto – o Tribunal de Justiça também pode exercer o controle abstrato das norma, mas terá que ser em face da Constituição daquele estado. b) errado – o Tribunal de Justiça pode exercer o controle incidental de norma federal, estadual, municipal ou distrital em face da CF. c) errado - o controle incidental pode ser exercido por qualquer juízo ou tribunal competente para examinar o caso concreto objeto da ação. d) errado – qualquer juízo ou tribunal pode examinar incidentalmente a constitucionalidade de lei ou ato normativo federal, estadual, municipal ou distrital, inclusive emenda à Constituição, desde que competente para examinar o caso concreto objeto da ação. e) errado – a CF não autoriza expressamente ao Legislativo declarar a inconstitucionalidade da lei por ele editada. 55 - (ESAF / AFC - STN – 2005) Sobre controle de constitucionalidade, assinale a única opção correta. a) Caberá recurso extraordinário da decisão de Tribunal que declarar a inconstitucionalidade de lei federal ou que julgar válida lei estadual ou municipal contestada em face de lei federal. b) Da decisão, em representação de inconstitucionalidade, proposta perante Tribunal de Justiça, que considerar inconstitucional uma lei municipal, contestada em face de dispositivo da constituição estadual que é mera reprodução de dispositivo da constituição federal, caberá, segundo a jurisprudência do Supremo Tribunal Federal, recurso extraordinário. c) As decisões definitivas de mérito, proferidas pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal, nas ações diretas de inconstitucionalidade produzirão, por força de expressa determinação constitucional, eficácia contra todos e efeito vinculante, relativamente aos demais Poderes e à administração pública direta e indireta, nas esferas federal, estadual e municipal. d) No recurso extraordinário, o recorrente deverá demonstrar a repercussão geral das questões constitucionais discutidas no caso, para que o Supremo Tribunal Federal examine a admissão do recurso, só sendo admitido o recurso que obtiver manifestação favorável de dois terços dos membros do Tribunal.

46

É proibida a reprodução e a venda sem autorização da autora. (Proteção dos direitos autorais: CF/88, Lei 9610/98 e Lei 10.695/03) e) É cabível a ação declaratória de constitucionalidade em relação à lei ou ato normativo federal ou estadual, tendo legitimidade para a sua propositura, apenas, o Presidente da República, o Procurador-Geral da República e as Mesas do Senado Federal e da Câmara dos Deputados. 

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a) correto – de acordo com a CF, art. 102, inciso III, alínea b e d. b) errado – só cabe recurso extraordinário junto ao STF, contra decisão do Tribunal de Justiça que reconhecer a constitucionalidade em tese de lei municipal, e desde que seja sobre assunto de simetria (reprodução) obrigatória (e não de mera reprodução). Se o TJ julgar procedente o pedido do autor da ADIn estadual, não haverá razão jurídica para esse autor de recorrer, por meio de recurso extraordinário, ao STF. c) errado – a decisão definitiva de mérito do STF em uma ADIn provoca efeito vinculante apenas em relação aos demais órgãos do Poder Judiciário e à Administração Pública direta e indireta Federal, Estadual (e Distrital) e Municipal, nos termos do art. 102, §2º, da CF.

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