Opportunities From Science And Technology
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Environmental Breakthroughs in Building The Robert L Preger Intelligent Workplace Building as Power Plant/Invention Works Volker Hartkopf, PhD, Dr. h.c.
Professor of Architecture, Director, Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics
Carnegie Mellon University National Council for Science and the Environment Washington, DC, January 26,27, 2006 Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Meta Issues To create a path from being environmentally effective through sustainability to engage the built environment in a “restorative activity” (term from Bill Reed) Is the present state of our natural system “good enough”?
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Buildings as an integral part of a living system and positively coevolving to continuously improve:
Sun Water Air Soil Resources
Of our Planetary System Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Time to move from object to continuum the aesthetics of the processional
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
U.S. Energy Consumption by EndUse Sector
Source: EIA Annual Energy Review 2003
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Annual Energy Consumption by U.S. Commercial Buildings
Total: 11,987 trillion Btu/yr = 3.51 trillion kWh/yr
Data source: EIA 1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey. (Conversion: 3,412 Btu = 1 kWh)
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Electricity Efficiency
2002 Electricity Flow, in Quadrillion Btu (1015 Btu) (Conversion: 1 quadrillion Btu = 293 billion kWh) Total energy consumed to generate electricity in 2002 is 39.56 quadrillion Btu = 11.59 trillion kWh Source: EIA, Annual Energy Review 2002, Diagram 5.
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
The Role of Universities • • • • •
In the US there are about 4000 colleges with almost 16 million students Combined annual expenditures exceed US $ 275 billion, which is 2,8% of GDP, this is greater than the GDP of all but 25 nations In the near absence of long term US National policy, institutions of higher learning should lead the country by example Beginning collaboration between Texas A&M, Carnegie Mellon University, ISR, SNC, & UMD Sponsored by Congressmen Doyle, Hall, Barton, Mollohan, Hoyer, Gibbons and Senator Reid
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
First Passive/Active Solar House in an Inner-City Neighborhood, 1976
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Neighborhood Wide Redevelopment an Inner-City, 1980-82
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
The Intelligent Workplace as an enabling instrument for • • • •
Individual Comfort and Productivity Organizational Flexibility Technological Adaptability Energy and Environmental Effectiveness
A living and livedin Laboratory
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Energy Services Security Reliability Quality Effectiveness
THEATER Stage set Flexibility
Distributed Energy Generation and Supply
PLATFORM Air/ Water Heating/Cooling PVD (power, voice, data, video)
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
air supply power voice/data
Under-floor Infrastructure distribution
backbone to mechanical room satellite closet
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
he Intelligent Workplace, CMU
Project Room
Conference Room “Service Pub” : (pre “service equipment, ergonomics, pub”) places to pause and sit, interactive tools Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Buildings Can be Net Exporters of Energy Systems Integration for: • First, life cycle, environmental cost reduction • Increased energy effectiveness • Improved performance for user comfort • Reliable and effective control technology • Reliable energy supply • Increased Return on Investment
Advanced Building Systems
Innovative Energy Systems
Controls
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Innovative Energy Systems AscendingDescending Strategy
Natural Environment hydrogen via electrolysis
Solar Thermal Natural Gas/ Bio gas
Solar PV Lighting, Computers
Fuel Cell Heat Recovery Steam Generator
rejected heat rejected heat
Steam Turbine
rejected heat
rejected heat
Absorption Boiler
Electrical Energy chilled water regen. hot water
Daylighting/ natural ventilation Chilled Water Cooling Desiccant Cooling
Domestic Hot Water/ Water mullion
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Geothermal Environment
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Building As Power Plant (BAPP)
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Annual Load Profile of Typical Office Buildings
Typical Office Buildings Annual Heating/Cooling Load Profile
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Annual Load Profile of BAPP
BAPP Annual Heating/Cooling Load Profile
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Annual Load Profile of BAPP
BAPP Annual Heating/Cooling Load Profile – Energy exported to the grid
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
BAPP Primary Energy Consumption – More Details Comparison of Primary Energy Consumption between BAPP and US average
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Annual Site/Primary Energy Consumption in Office Buildings
Data source: EIA, Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey 1995; PG&E, Commercial Building Survey Report 1999; UK National Statistics * Germany average practice is calculated based on the energy consumption measurements of 15 German office buildings built between 1990 and 2002 (with primary energy consumption ranging from 180kWh/m2 to 1,000kWh/m2).
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Systems integration Health Wellbeing Productivity
Systems integration to create win-win solutions • Increase quality of life within and outside buildings • Reduce resource requirements • Secure US competitiveness
Systems integration Resources Energy Economy Security
• Increase national security
Environment
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Potential Cost-Benefits for Building Quality Differences - BIDS™ 200 180 160
$ per square foot
140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Salary
Rent/Mortgage
Energy
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Potential Cost-Benefits for Building Quality Differences - BIDS™
CBPD/ABSIC BIDSTM
45000 $5,300 Turnover3
40000
4
$765 (1.7%) Abseenteism
$ per person per year
35000
$244 Lower Respiratory5 $101 Asthma6 $95 Allergies6 $92 Back Pain7 $73 Headaches6 $68 Cold8 $17 MSD9 $19 Throat Irritation6 $18 Eye Irritation6 $18 Sinus Conditions6
30000 25000
$45,000 Salary1 Worktime Loss
20000
Potential Benefits of Quality Buildings
1
$5,000 Health
15000 10000 5000
$1,000 Connectivity
$18,500 Benefits1
(Forrester Group)
$10,000 Technology
12.5% Productivity2
$3,200 10 Rent/Mortgage
0 Salary
Benefits
Technology
Rent/Mortgage
$450 11 Energy
$200 12 Churn
Energy
Churn
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Financial Cost/Benefits Indices: Direct Costs of Building-related Illnesses and Health Conditions Treatment for illnesses and health conditions that are influenced by the indoor environment costs employers $750 per employee annually, accounting for approximately 14% of all annual health insurance expenditures.
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
What building attributes matter the most? Air Light Thermal control Ergonomics Privacy and Interaction Access to nature Land use and mobility
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
An air pollution indicator is CO2 USA puts 22 tons per person per year into the atmosphere
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
What happens if China and India achieve our level?
2020 2030 Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Our atmosphere will need to absorb nearly 7 times as much CO2 as today
2020
2030
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Building programs can reduce USA CO2 emissions and export technology to China and India
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Two Planets meet in Space
• One has homo sapiens sapiens Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Generational transformation in the Built Environment European towns Buildings, Infrastructure Infrastructure renov. Building renovation Human Generation Building use IT Hardware IT Software 10
20
50
100
years
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
After :N. Kohler 2003
The Order of Civilisation The fast layers innovate, the slow layers stabilise. The whole combines learning with continuity. Stewart Brand – Clock of the Long Now. 1999
Invigorate or destroy Fashion Commerce Infrastructure Governance Culture Nature
Sustain or collapse
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Johnson Controls Personal Environment Module [ PEMtm]
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Zoning
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
QuickTime™ and a TIFF (LZ W) decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
QuickTime™ and a TIFF (LZ W) decompressor are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ QuickTime™ and and a a TIFF TIFF (LZ (LZW) W) decompressor decompressor are are needed needed to to see see this this picture. picture.
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
This means…. • Moving away from a totally humancentric view of the world, • Understanding the synergism between nature and human nature, • Appreciating the interconnectedness of the whole, • Using principles of living systems to approach our work • Seeing ourselves as continual learners and avoiding hubris, • Encouraging dialogue and asking deeper questions, and • Recognizing the role of spirit and love in everything we do. Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
U.S. Commercial Sector Carbon Emissions
Source: Koomey 1996
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Water in… Forest
infiltration 19%
Agricultural landscape
infiltration 5% evaporation 25%
infiltration 28%
runoff 1% evaporation 80%
runoff 2%
Urban regions
evaporation 70%
runoff drain 70%
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Annual waste breakdown for the U.S. by source
Utility Waste 85 Other 18.5
Municipal Solid Waste 180
Municipal Solid Waste 180
Mining Waste 1400 Construction and Demolition Waste 31.5 Oil and Gas Waste 2095
Mining Waste 1400 Construction and Demolition Waste 31.5 Oil and Gas Waste 2095
Industrial Nonhazardous Waste 7600
Utility Waste 85 Other 18.5
Industrial Nonhazardous Waste 7600
Building industry related wastes (40% of each segment) EPA/EPRI estimate (in million tons)
Center for building performance & diagnostics / ABSIC, Volker Hartkopf estimate
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Professor of Architecture, Director, Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics
Carnegie Mellon University National Council for Science and the Environment Washington, DC, January 26,27, 2006 Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Meta Issues To create a path from being environmentally effective through sustainability to engage the built environment in a “restorative activity” (term from Bill Reed) Is the present state of our natural system “good enough”?
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Buildings as an integral part of a living system and positively coevolving to continuously improve:
Sun Water Air Soil Resources
Of our Planetary System Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Time to move from object to continuum the aesthetics of the processional
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
U.S. Energy Consumption by EndUse Sector
Source: EIA Annual Energy Review 2003
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Annual Energy Consumption by U.S. Commercial Buildings
Total: 11,987 trillion Btu/yr = 3.51 trillion kWh/yr
Data source: EIA 1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey. (Conversion: 3,412 Btu = 1 kWh)
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Electricity Efficiency
2002 Electricity Flow, in Quadrillion Btu (1015 Btu) (Conversion: 1 quadrillion Btu = 293 billion kWh) Total energy consumed to generate electricity in 2002 is 39.56 quadrillion Btu = 11.59 trillion kWh Source: EIA, Annual Energy Review 2002, Diagram 5.
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
The Role of Universities • • • • •
In the US there are about 4000 colleges with almost 16 million students Combined annual expenditures exceed US $ 275 billion, which is 2,8% of GDP, this is greater than the GDP of all but 25 nations In the near absence of long term US National policy, institutions of higher learning should lead the country by example Beginning collaboration between Texas A&M, Carnegie Mellon University, ISR, SNC, & UMD Sponsored by Congressmen Doyle, Hall, Barton, Mollohan, Hoyer, Gibbons and Senator Reid
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
First Passive/Active Solar House in an Inner-City Neighborhood, 1976
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Neighborhood Wide Redevelopment an Inner-City, 1980-82
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
The Intelligent Workplace as an enabling instrument for • • • •
Individual Comfort and Productivity Organizational Flexibility Technological Adaptability Energy and Environmental Effectiveness
A living and livedin Laboratory
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Energy Services Security Reliability Quality Effectiveness
THEATER Stage set Flexibility
Distributed Energy Generation and Supply
PLATFORM Air/ Water Heating/Cooling PVD (power, voice, data, video)
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
air supply power voice/data
Under-floor Infrastructure distribution
backbone to mechanical room satellite closet
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
he Intelligent Workplace, CMU
Project Room
Conference Room “Service Pub” : (pre “service equipment, ergonomics, pub”) places to pause and sit, interactive tools Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Buildings Can be Net Exporters of Energy Systems Integration for: • First, life cycle, environmental cost reduction • Increased energy effectiveness • Improved performance for user comfort • Reliable and effective control technology • Reliable energy supply • Increased Return on Investment
Advanced Building Systems
Innovative Energy Systems
Controls
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Innovative Energy Systems AscendingDescending Strategy
Natural Environment hydrogen via electrolysis
Solar Thermal Natural Gas/ Bio gas
Solar PV Lighting, Computers
Fuel Cell Heat Recovery Steam Generator
rejected heat rejected heat
Steam Turbine
rejected heat
rejected heat
Absorption Boiler
Electrical Energy chilled water regen. hot water
Daylighting/ natural ventilation Chilled Water Cooling Desiccant Cooling
Domestic Hot Water/ Water mullion
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Geothermal Environment
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Building As Power Plant (BAPP)
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Annual Load Profile of Typical Office Buildings
Typical Office Buildings Annual Heating/Cooling Load Profile
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Annual Load Profile of BAPP
BAPP Annual Heating/Cooling Load Profile
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Annual Load Profile of BAPP
BAPP Annual Heating/Cooling Load Profile – Energy exported to the grid
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
BAPP Primary Energy Consumption – More Details Comparison of Primary Energy Consumption between BAPP and US average
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Annual Site/Primary Energy Consumption in Office Buildings
Data source: EIA, Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey 1995; PG&E, Commercial Building Survey Report 1999; UK National Statistics * Germany average practice is calculated based on the energy consumption measurements of 15 German office buildings built between 1990 and 2002 (with primary energy consumption ranging from 180kWh/m2 to 1,000kWh/m2).
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Systems integration Health Wellbeing Productivity
Systems integration to create win-win solutions • Increase quality of life within and outside buildings • Reduce resource requirements • Secure US competitiveness
Systems integration Resources Energy Economy Security
• Increase national security
Environment
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Potential Cost-Benefits for Building Quality Differences - BIDS™ 200 180 160
$ per square foot
140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Salary
Rent/Mortgage
Energy
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Potential Cost-Benefits for Building Quality Differences - BIDS™
CBPD/ABSIC BIDSTM
45000 $5,300 Turnover3
40000
4
$765 (1.7%) Abseenteism
$ per person per year
35000
$244 Lower Respiratory5 $101 Asthma6 $95 Allergies6 $92 Back Pain7 $73 Headaches6 $68 Cold8 $17 MSD9 $19 Throat Irritation6 $18 Eye Irritation6 $18 Sinus Conditions6
30000 25000
$45,000 Salary1 Worktime Loss
20000
Potential Benefits of Quality Buildings
1
$5,000 Health
15000 10000 5000
$1,000 Connectivity
$18,500 Benefits1
(Forrester Group)
$10,000 Technology
12.5% Productivity2
$3,200 10 Rent/Mortgage
0 Salary
Benefits
Technology
Rent/Mortgage
$450 11 Energy
$200 12 Churn
Energy
Churn
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Financial Cost/Benefits Indices: Direct Costs of Building-related Illnesses and Health Conditions Treatment for illnesses and health conditions that are influenced by the indoor environment costs employers $750 per employee annually, accounting for approximately 14% of all annual health insurance expenditures.
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
What building attributes matter the most? Air Light Thermal control Ergonomics Privacy and Interaction Access to nature Land use and mobility
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
An air pollution indicator is CO2 USA puts 22 tons per person per year into the atmosphere
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
What happens if China and India achieve our level?
2020 2030 Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Our atmosphere will need to absorb nearly 7 times as much CO2 as today
2020
2030
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Building programs can reduce USA CO2 emissions and export technology to China and India
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Two Planets meet in Space
• One has homo sapiens sapiens Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Generational transformation in the Built Environment European towns Buildings, Infrastructure Infrastructure renov. Building renovation Human Generation Building use IT Hardware IT Software 10
20
50
100
years
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
After :N. Kohler 2003
The Order of Civilisation The fast layers innovate, the slow layers stabilise. The whole combines learning with continuity. Stewart Brand – Clock of the Long Now. 1999
Invigorate or destroy Fashion Commerce Infrastructure Governance Culture Nature
Sustain or collapse
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Johnson Controls Personal Environment Module [ PEMtm]
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Zoning
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
QuickTime™ and a TIFF (LZ W) decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
QuickTime™ and a TIFF (LZ W) decompressor are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ QuickTime™ and and a a TIFF TIFF (LZ (LZW) W) decompressor decompressor are are needed needed to to see see this this picture. picture.
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
This means…. • Moving away from a totally humancentric view of the world, • Understanding the synergism between nature and human nature, • Appreciating the interconnectedness of the whole, • Using principles of living systems to approach our work • Seeing ourselves as continual learners and avoiding hubris, • Encouraging dialogue and asking deeper questions, and • Recognizing the role of spirit and love in everything we do. Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
U.S. Commercial Sector Carbon Emissions
Source: Koomey 1996
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Water in… Forest
infiltration 19%
Agricultural landscape
infiltration 5% evaporation 25%
infiltration 28%
runoff 1% evaporation 80%
runoff 2%
Urban regions
evaporation 70%
runoff drain 70%
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
Annual waste breakdown for the U.S. by source
Utility Waste 85 Other 18.5
Municipal Solid Waste 180
Municipal Solid Waste 180
Mining Waste 1400 Construction and Demolition Waste 31.5 Oil and Gas Waste 2095
Mining Waste 1400 Construction and Demolition Waste 31.5 Oil and Gas Waste 2095
Industrial Nonhazardous Waste 7600
Utility Waste 85 Other 18.5
Industrial Nonhazardous Waste 7600
Building industry related wastes (40% of each segment) EPA/EPRI estimate (in million tons)
Center for building performance & diagnostics / ABSIC, Volker Hartkopf estimate
Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics, a NSF/IUCRC, and ABSIC at Carnegie Mellon
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