Oh&s

TQM Occupational Hazards & Safety OH&S

OH&S AN INTRODUCTION • Occupational safety and health is a crossdisciplinary area concerned with protecting the safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment. • The goal of all occupational safety and health programs is to foster a safe work environment. • As a secondary effect, it may also protect coworkers, family members, employers, customers, suppliers, nearby communities, and other members of the public who are impacted by the workplace environment. • It may involve interactions among many subject areas, including occupational medicine, occupational (or industrial) hygiene, public health, safety engineering, chemistry, health physics, ergonomics, toxicology, epidemiology,

ILO/WHO DEFINITION

OH&S ACT

Initiatives by DGFASLI (Xth Five Year Plan )

Legislations • Statutes for safety at workplaces  • Statutes for safety of substances • Statutes for safety of activities At present, safety and health statutes for regulating OH&S of persons at work exist only in four sectors:Mining  Factories

The major legislations relating to Occupational The Factories Act,1948 • It regulates health, safety, welfare and other working conditions of workers in factories. • The Directorate General Factory Advice Service & Labour Institutes (DGFASLI) co-ordinates matters concerning safety, health and welfare of workers in the factories with the State Governments. Mines Act, 1952 • It contains provisions for measures relating to the health, safety and welfare of workers in the coal Mines. • It prescribes the number of working hours in mines, the minimum wage rates, and related matters. • Courts of Inquiry are set up by the Central Government to investigate into the accidents, which result in the death of 10 or above miners. Dock Workers (Safety, Health & Welfare) Act, 1986

OTHER ACTS … Plantation Labour Act, 1951  Explosives Act, 1884 Petroleum Act, 1934 Insecticide Act, 1968 Indian Electricity Act, 1910 Indian Boilers Act, 1923 Indian Atomic Energy Act, 1962 Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 • Beedi and Cigar Workers' (Conditions of Employment) Act, 1966 . • • • • • • • •

National Safety Council of India (NSCI) • The NSCI was set up to promote safety consciousness among workers to prevent accidents, minimize dangers and mitigate human suffering, arrange programmes, lectures and conferences on safety, conduct educational campaigns to arouse consciousness among employers and workers and collect educational and information data, etc. It has launched new initiatives in three sectors:• Road Transportation Safety   • Safety of Health in Construction Sector   • Safety, Health and Environment in Small and

Common workplace hazard groups Mechanical hazards  • By type of agent: Impact force Collisions Falls from height Struck by objects Confined space Slips and trips Falling on a pointed object Compressed air/high pressure fluids (such as cutting fluid) Entanglement Equipment-related injury

 

Common workplace hazard groups

Common workplace hazard groups

Common workplace hazard groups

Common workplace hazard groups Psychosocial issues include: • Work-related stress, whose causal factors include excessive working time and overwork • Violence from outside the organisation • Bullying, which may include emotional, verbal, and sexual harassment • Mobbing • Burnout • Musculoskeletal disorders, avoided by the employment of good ergonomic design • Fire prevention (fire protection/fire safety) often comes within the remit of health and safety professionals as well.

OHSAS 18001- ISO 9001:2000 (Quality) and ISO 14001:2004 (Environmental) • Organizations of all kinds are increasingly concerned with achieving and demonstrating sound occupational health and safety (OH&S) performance by controlling their OH&S risks, consistent with their OH&S policy and objectives. • OH&S “reviews” or “audits” to assess their OH&S performance. • To be effective, they need to be conducted within a structured management system that is integrated within the organization. • The OHSAS Standards covering OH&S management are intended to provide organizations with the elements of an effective OH&S management system

OH&S management system model for this OHSAS Standard

PDCA This OHSAS Standard is based on the methodology known as Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA). PDCA can be briefly described as follows. • Plan: establish the objectives and processes necessary to deliver results in accordance with the organization’s OH&S policy. • Do: implement the processes. • Check: monitor and measure processes against OH&S policy, objectives, legal and other requirements, and report the results. • Act: take actions to continually improve OH&S performance.Many organizations manage their operations via the application of a system of processes

OH&S policy Top management shall define and authorize the organization’s OH&S policy and ensure that within the defined scope of its OH&S management system it: a) is appropriate to the nature and scale of the organization’s OH&S risks; b) includes a commitment to prevention of injury and ill health and continual improvement in OH&S management and OH&S performance; c) includes a commitment to at least comply with applicable legal requirements and with other requirements to which the organization subscribes that relate to its OH&S hazards; d) provides the framework for setting and reviewing OH&S objectives; e) is documented, implemented and maintained; f) is communicated to all persons working under the control of the organization with the intent that they are made aware of their individual OH&S obligations;

OH&S IN WORKPLACE AN EXAMPLE • AIS(ASAHI INDIA LTD)

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