Ob Organizations

What Is An Organization? • An Organization Defined – A deliberate arrangement of people to accomplish some specific purpose

• Common Characteristics of Organizations – Have a distinct purpose (goal) – Composed of people – Have a deliberate structure

Characteristics of Organizations

Components of an Organization Task – an organization’s mission, purpose, or goal for existing People – the human resources of the organization Structure – the manner in which an organization’s work is designed at the micro level; how departments, divisions, and the overall organization are designed at the macro level Technology – the tools, knowledge, and/or techniques used to transform inputs into outputs

Management Functions Planning

Organizing

Management Functions Controlling

Leading

• Management Roles – Interpersonal roles – Informational roles – Decisional roles

Skills Needed at Different Management Levels

How The Manager’s Job Is Changing • The Increasing Importance of Customers – Customers: the reason that organizations exist • Managing customer relationships is the responsibility of all managers and employees. • Consistent high quality customer service is essential for survival.

• Innovation – Doing things differently, exploring new territory, and taking risks • Managers should encourage employees to be aware of and act on opportunities for innovation.

Changes Impacting the Manager’s Job

Enter Organizational Behavior Organizational behavior (OB) A field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations, for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organization’s effectiveness.

Basic Assumptions in OB • • • • • • •

Individual differences: Individuals are different A whole person Behavior of individual is caused An individual has dignity Organisations are social systems Mutual Interest Holistic concept

Scope of OB • Intra-personal behavior • Inter-personal behavior • Organizations

Organizational Behavior: Dynamics in Organizations Psychosocial

Interpersonal

Organizational Behavior

Behavioral

Organizational Variables that Affect Human Behavior Communication

Organizational Structure

Human Behavior

Work Design

Performance Appraisal Jobs

Organizational Design

External Perspective Understand behavior in terms of external events,

environmental forces, and behavioral consequences

Internal Perspective Understand behavior in terms of thoughts, feelings, past experiences, and needs Explain behavior by examining individuals’ history and personal value system

Explain behavior by examining surrounding external events and environmental forces Each perspective has produced motivational & leadership theories.