Notes Chapter 2, Grammar 2
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Gramática 2 Capítulo 2
Nouns • • • •
ALL nouns in Spanish have a gender They’re either masculine or feminine. Most nouns that are masculine end in –o. Most nouns that are feminine end in –a.
Nouns • Singular noun - ONE of something • Plural noun – 2+ things • If a singular noun ends in a vowel, add – s to make is plural. • If a singular noun ends in a consonant, add –es to make it plural.
Definite articles • Definite articles are used to express the word “the” in English. • These must agree in gender and number with the noun.
Definite articles
Singular
Plural
Masculine
Feminine
el
la
los
las
Definite articles - uses • To talk about a noun as a general category. • ¿Cómo es la pizza? – What’s the pizza like (in general)?
• When saying what you like with gustar. • Me gusta la pizza. – I like pizza.
Definite articles • Put the correct definite article in the blank. • ____ la profesora • ____ el libro • ____ las profesoras • ____ los libros
gustar • Gustar is used to say what people like. • Use gusta if the thing they like is singular. • Use gustan if the thing they like is plural.
gustar • You must put one of these pronouns before gustar to say who likes something. • “Le” can be Ud., he, she, or it. • “Les” can be Uds., ellos, or ellas.
me nos te le
les
gustar • “Le” can be Ud., he, she, or it. • “Les” can be Uds., ellos, or ellas.
• To ask who is being talked about, use a quién or a quiénes.
me te
nos
le
les
•To clarify who is being talked about, use a and name(s).
What we use it with • Objects: • Me gustAN los zapatoS • I like shoes • Verbs: Me gusta leer. • I like to read.
• • • • •
Me gusta (I like)… Jugar – To play Leer – to read Dormir – to sleep Ir al cine – To go to the movies
gustar • To say someone doesn’t like something, put the word no in front of the pronoun • No me gusta la pizza. • No le gustan los helados. • No nos gusta el profesor.
¿por qué? and porque • ¿por qué? • why?
• porque • because
¿Por qué te gusta la pizza? Por que es muy buena.
Preposition “de” • De is used to: • show possession or relationship • El profesor de María
Maria’s teacher
• indicate what type of things you’re describing • say where someone is from
• “de” followed by “el” makes the contraction “del”
Nouns • • • •
ALL nouns in Spanish have a gender They’re either masculine or feminine. Most nouns that are masculine end in –o. Most nouns that are feminine end in –a.
Nouns • Singular noun - ONE of something • Plural noun – 2+ things • If a singular noun ends in a vowel, add – s to make is plural. • If a singular noun ends in a consonant, add –es to make it plural.
Definite articles • Definite articles are used to express the word “the” in English. • These must agree in gender and number with the noun.
Definite articles
Singular
Plural
Masculine
Feminine
el
la
los
las
Definite articles - uses • To talk about a noun as a general category. • ¿Cómo es la pizza? – What’s the pizza like (in general)?
• When saying what you like with gustar. • Me gusta la pizza. – I like pizza.
Definite articles • Put the correct definite article in the blank. • ____ la profesora • ____ el libro • ____ las profesoras • ____ los libros
gustar • Gustar is used to say what people like. • Use gusta if the thing they like is singular. • Use gustan if the thing they like is plural.
gustar • You must put one of these pronouns before gustar to say who likes something. • “Le” can be Ud., he, she, or it. • “Les” can be Uds., ellos, or ellas.
me nos te le
les
gustar • “Le” can be Ud., he, she, or it. • “Les” can be Uds., ellos, or ellas.
• To ask who is being talked about, use a quién or a quiénes.
me te
nos
le
les
•To clarify who is being talked about, use a and name(s).
What we use it with • Objects: • Me gustAN los zapatoS • I like shoes • Verbs: Me gusta leer. • I like to read.
• • • • •
Me gusta (I like)… Jugar – To play Leer – to read Dormir – to sleep Ir al cine – To go to the movies
gustar • To say someone doesn’t like something, put the word no in front of the pronoun • No me gusta la pizza. • No le gustan los helados. • No nos gusta el profesor.
¿por qué? and porque • ¿por qué? • why?
• porque • because
¿Por qué te gusta la pizza? Por que es muy buena.
Preposition “de” • De is used to: • show possession or relationship • El profesor de María
Maria’s teacher
• indicate what type of things you’re describing • say where someone is from
• “de” followed by “el” makes the contraction “del”
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