Chapter 2 Shaped By History Section 2 Renaissance and Revolution
Definitions Renaissance: a period of European history that included a rebirth of interest in learning and art. Humanism: an approach to knowledge that focused on worldly rather than religious values. Monarch: ruler of a kingdom or empire, such as a king or queen. Middle Class: A group of people economically between the poor and very rich. Absolute Monarch: Ruler who has complete power. Revolution: A complete change in government. Colony: Territory ruled by another nation Scientific Revolution: Scientists began to base their study of the world on observable facts rather than on beliefs.
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The Renaissance Began in the city-states of northern Italy and spread to northern Europe and Spain. Trade made city-states wealthy so they had money to seek education. Achievements in Art - artists developed perspective painting (make objects appear three dimensional). - Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo created masterpieces that influence painting and sculpture to the present day. - Humanism was important……statues became lifelike
The Renaissance Achievements in Literature -Writers expressed the spirit of the age. -William Shakespeare thrived during this period writing Hamlet and other plays that are still performed today.
Printing Press -most important invention of the Renaissance -Books no longer had to be copied -Helped spread the new learning.
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Expanded Trade Changes Europe’s People and Government During the Renaissance people started to travel out of Europe more often (wanted more knowledge and WEALTH) Raced to the newly founded Americas and brought back gold, silver, furs, tobacco etc. to Europe. Results of the Voyages of Exploration:
New wealth went to European Monarchs some wealth went to traders and merchants (formed Middle Class) Kings no longer needed feudal lords feudalism declined.
The Age Of Monarchs Louis XIV ruled France from 1643-1715 (absolute monarch) Believed his power to rule came from God. Made people pay heavy taxes Had a unified, strong country
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Age of Revolution Changes Science and Government 1600s and 1700s are often called the Age of
Revolution Beginning of the modern age of science and democracy we know today. Revolutions in Government -people began questioning their governments. -government became more representative with a loss of power amongst monarchs.
Revolutions in Science -began to base theories on facts rather than religious beliefs. -created the scientific method that is still used today.
HERE ENDETH THE LESSON!