Ngn Basics

A Roadmap



ITU-T Recommendation. Y.2001:

◦ A Next Generation Network (NGN) is a packet-based network able to provide Telecommunication Services and able to make use of multiple broadband, QoS-enabled transport technologies and in which service-related functions are independent from underlying transportrelated technologies. It enables unfettered access for users and networks to competing service providers and/or services of their choice. It supports generalized mobility which will allow consistent and ubiquitous provision of services to users

Generalized Mobility Unfettered Access

Convergence btw. Fixed & Mobile Any Device Scenario

Separation Services with Transport Architecture and Open API QoS-enabled Transport Multiple-Broadband

Manageable Broadband

Packet-based network Voice, Data Multimedia Services

Quick introduction of new services

NGN Multi-vendor interoperability

Separation of service, control, media and access

Open interfaces

Services Transport Access •

Separation between Services and Transport

•

Independence between Access and Services

•

Generalized Mobility with Broadband capability

•

Packet based network support QoS and Security

•

Control - Session based

Service Layer

Service B

Service A

Open interfaces SIP

Control Layer

Management

Databases

NB Wireless

Separated control

H.248

QoS Mechanism

BB Wireless

IP/MPLS Transport Core BB Wireline

Usage Measurement

Access Layer

FMC

Transport Layer 5

Operator 1

Operator 2

Merged Application, Control and Media Transport Planes >

Three-Party model : the call is a network service

>

Quality of Service (QoS) guaranteed by resource reservation, state maintenance, and proper network dimensioning

>

Universal reach through interconnection agreements at service level and a universal naming for the telephony service

>

Charging related to the amount of used service

AS

Operator 1

AS

Operator 2

Separate Application, Control and Transport Planes

Two-Party model: communication applications hosted by end-users > QoS at transport level ensured following explicit user requests > Interconnection agreements limited to transport: universal reach per application ensured by proper naming and Server Interconnection > Charging related to amount of transported data >



Should borrow the best from ◦ Telephony : service offer with associated revenues ◦ Internet : flexibility and openness towards new applications

>

Three key properties of a converged next generation network •

Network services: centered around person to person communication –

•

Broadband access: Always-on in native packet mode –

•

Provide the essential revenue stream to network operators Ensure end users capability of using new applications and services

Other Applications and Services: offered by 3rd party providers Brokered by the network operator with QoS guarantee or... – Accessed by end user as in Internet mode without service guarantee –

Wireless

Internet Mobile

Convergences Fixed Network

Broadcasting

MPLS Core

Other s

Cable TV

ICT

Any Combination of Services

Voice Services

Data Services

Video Services

14

Circuit Switched (CS) domain MSCVLR

MAP

PSTN/ISDN

PSTN/ISDN

G-MSC

A1/A2/A5 MAP BTS

BSC/PCF

MAP

SCP

HLR

PDSN

IP backbone Network

other PLMN

SMS SC

A10/A11

IS95A/B/1x Base Station System

HA

Pi

Internet Intranet

AAA

Packet Switched (PS) domain Radio Access Network

Core Network

Interworked Network

HLRe

SCPe MAP BTS

BSC

MAP

A1

MSCe A2

Legacy BSS

A1 p

A2 p BTS

SIP-T

H.248 / MEGACO based

MGW

MSCe

other PLMN

H.248 / MEGACO based

IP transport

PSTN/ISDN

MGW

BSC A10/A11

ALL-IP BSS

PDSN

IP backbone Network

HA

Pi

Internet Intranet

AAA

Access Network

Packet Data System Core Network

Interworked Network

IP Multimedia Domain Application Server

HSS

BGCF Diameter SIP BTS

BSC PCF

A

SIP

CSCF

MGCF H.248

MRF

PDF

MGW

IP Multimedia System

ALL-IP RAN AGW

Legacy/ PSTN

HA

Packet Data System

Access Network

Other IP/ IMS Network

Core Network

Interworking Network



Trends say it all

O&M Effort

Customers

There is a need to keep network costs as low as possible

Traffic

Returns

O&M Cost

Customers

Tariff

PSTN

Mobile, Internet Mobile Traffic is increasing but is shared between many operators

Data traffic showing growth primarily with Broadband access

Broadband access emerging as the key demand on all type of user terminals

Presence-driven Services

Consumer Services

Enterprise Integration

Converged VPN

Voice & Data Pre-Paid -

Push To Talk

Instant Messaging

Multimedia

Commerce

Wholesale Services

Alerting Services (Weather, Traffic)

Custom Ringback Tone

Games

Enterprise & Small Business Services

LocationBased Services

Find-Me, Follow Me

Voice & Data Post-Paid

Micro Payments

Voice Internet

Data

Video

31



Current fixed line broadband does not offer mobility or nomadism ◦ Solution required for offering Generalized Mobility

QoS when unfettered access is available has to be made more broad based  Multiple access methods for BB access need to be integrated 

◦ Fixed, Wireless, Mobile, Satellite BB access 

Services determine Bandwidth requirements ◦ Choice of right mix of services and access methods need to be weighed to make the subscriber offerings

32

Bandwidth Requirements Service

Bandwidth (downstream)

QoS Requirement

Broadcast TV (MPEG-2)

2 to 6Mb/s

Parameterized

HDTV (MPEG-4)

6 to 12Mb/s

Parameterized

PPV or NVoD

2 to 6Mb/s

Prioritized

VoD

2 to 6Mb/s

Prioritized

Picture in Picture (MPEG-2)

up to 12Mb/s

Parameterized

PVR

2 to 6Mb/s

Prioritized

Interactive TV

up to 3Mb/s

Best effort

High-speed Internet

3 to 10Mb/s

Best effort

Video Conferencing

300 to 750Kb/s

Prioritized

Voice/Video Telephony

64 to 750Kb/s

Prioritized

34

Access Network Technologies FTTH: EPON, GPON

1Gb/s

Data Rate

100Mb/s: VDSL2

100Mb/ s 20Mb/s:VDSL2, ADSL2+

FTTC/B: FLC, EPON, GPON FTTN: FLC, EPON, GPON

10Mb/ s 10Mb/s: VDSL, ADSL2 1Mb/ s

optical fiber copper

1Mb/s: ADSL

1

10 m

0

1km

Triple Play Service

High Speed Internet

10km

Distance from Subscriber 0 m 35

Internet Data Center

Ethernet over RPR

Data Center

Ethernet over SDH/DWDM

Ethernet over Fiber Data Center Internet

Extension of “Quality of Service” Meaningful QoS for Multimedia over Convergences

Quality of Personalization

• One-stop Service • Service AAA • Personalized service Open/Control

Quality of Security

•Network AAA; Terminal, User, Mobility, Access etc.

Quality of Mobility

• RT Mobility control • Service Continuity control • Security support

Quality of Media

• End-End QoS • QoS Monitoring • Service Policy handover

39

Facilitating contents delivery over various convergence situation  Supporting Mobility, Seamless handover etc.  Minimizing Terminal and Network processing  Identity Processing (multiple identity requirements) in Converged Environment 

40

User ID

Customer ID

Service ID

Mobile Phone Nr

Comm. ID

Content Owner ID Provider ID

Family 1

User Id: Earth-IndiaMan:APJ -19yy-mm-dd - Certified by ITU -

Family 2

Family 3

Fixed Phone Nr

WiFi WiBro Id Cable/ IPTV Id

Media ID Session ID TCP/UDP Port ID IP Address ATM/Ether net ID MAC ID E.164 ID

Family 4

Internet Id

Line ID

41

HSS, AS and other service appln component

NOC OSS • • • •

CSCF

Performance Fault Monitoring Provisioning Part of NIB-II

GMSC + SGSN GSM Network MGW

MGCF +AGCF

SPDF + ARACF

SG GGSN MG

PSTN Network MG

SSSC Core IP/MPLS Network

AAA + LDAP

Broadband NOC Access Broadband Multiplay N/w

MG

Converged Network Architecture APPLICATIONS mCommerc e& Advertising

IPTV / VoD

Gaming & Multimedia

Session Control

Residential & Corporate Broadband

NOC VoIP

Ring Back tone

CUG Services

Centralized Databases

Transport

Session Manager

OSS • • • •

Performance Fault Monitoring Provisioning EMS

NMS

Probes

Optical Transport Network Core IP/MPLS Network

Access

Softswitch

Access Voice

VOD

IPTV

Gateway Controller Internet

WiFi Hotspots

Devices

Corporate / SOHO / Home

Customer LAN & Soft Phone

Video Conference High speed Internet

IPphones

Phone SDTV/ HDTV

High speed Internet

GSM/CDMA

HSDPA /EV-DO WiMax



Policy driven ◦ Dynamic control of any aspect of routing and forwarding from layer above



Performance ◦ Performance for real time traffic



 



QoS/SLA guarantees ◦ End to end scalable QoS ◦ It should provide isolation among various traffic classes. Real time & non real time service support One to one, one to many and many to many communications support Should support various types of traffic.



Security ◦ Safeguards against security as per standards



Availability ◦ Five 9s availability



Flexibility ◦ Adherence to open interfaces for evolution and customization is necessary.



OAM ◦ Connectivity and fault localization to be supported like in SDH, to be carrier class



Scalability ◦ These networks shall be large is size hence scaling to high traffic volumes shall be essential

46

There may be a need to regulate contents in the context of NGN. Responsibility of network provider relating to content carried on the network be limited to identify the source of the content generation as long as it is provided by content providers  Bulk selling and virtual network operations in the context of NGN needs to be considered  Service providers should have full flexibility to have mutually agreed SLAs to provide end-to-end QoS for various applications 







There will be need to have interconnect exchanges for exchange of IP traffic in NGN environment. However, it is recommended that the modalities of functioning of such exchange may be decided at appropriate time Present restrictions of setting up switching centers within the licensed area may be re-looked. Service providers may be provided flexibility to set up switching centers and transmission centers based on requirement anywhere within India de-linking from licensed area concept and do interconnection at least at one point in each licensed area Mandatory interconnection between telecom networks should continue. However, all NGN service providers should ensure interconnection to all existing telecom service providers by putting suitable equipments for providing interconnection to existing service providers

A committee may be formed under the aegis of Telecom Engineering Center (TEC) to work out country specific NGN standards and develop interface approval mechanism for NGN equipments to ensure smooth inter-operability subsequently  Emergency number dialing from IP telephony subscribers be mandated, however, methodologies of such implementation be left to service providers  Authentication of calling and called party identification be mandated, however, its implementation be left to individual service providers 



Two NGN operators are to be interconnected through Session Border Controller (SBC), having support for different physical interfaces. All the interfaces should be provided with adequate redundancy with no single point of failure for that device ◦ The Session Border Controller (SBC) may be a standalone separate device or SBC functionalities may be achieved through softswitch ◦ NGN and traditional PSTN/PLMN are to be interconnected through Media Gateway and Signalling Gateway

 

TEC is to prepare Interface Requirement (IR) for connectivity between two NGN networks The following standards based signalling protocols are expected to be used in Next Generation Network (NGN): ◦ SIGTRAN - between PSTN/PLMN and IP networks ◦ H.248 - between Media Gateway and Media Gateway Controller ◦ SIP, SIP-T/SIP-I - between two IP networks & between PSTN/PLMN and IP networks ◦ H.323/SIP-T/SIP-I - for international Connectivity ◦ For delivery of content (voice/data/video etc.), RTP/RTCP protocol is to be used. ◦ TEC needs to prepare National Generic Requirements/Standards for the signalling protocols interfaces and also examine Interoperability issues







The Centralised Lawful Monitoring System (CMS)should be under the Government agency, say VTM cell of DoT and having connectivity with all service providers, LEAs and VTMs of DoT. Provisioning of targets as warranted by Law Enforcing Agencies (LEAs) should be done from CMS by DoT (VTM) without the intervention of service providers. TEC to prepare Generic Interface Specification for CMS” NGN-eCO acknowledged that security is of paramount importance to any network. Therefore, TEC may be asked to work on various aspects of security for the country keeping in view the global trends National Numbering Plan needs to be modified to include NGN. TEC to study and give detailed recommendations







Session Border Controllers (SBC) functionality as described in para 3.1 should be used at borders, between two NGN operators. Calling party identification must be mandatory for routing the call in NGN networks In the short-term, existing billing mechanisms may continue as it is in PSTN/PLMN for inter-operator/intercarrier reconciliation and subscriber billing, which requires generation of CDR/IPDR records. In the long term, interconnect billing may be based on various other parameters such as bandwidth used, requiring alternative record keeping mechanisms which would depend on the methodology adopted for Inter Carrier settlement Service provider must have mechanism for traffic measurement to cover VoIP traffic measurement, voice intrusive & non-intrusive performance measurements etc



QOS ISSUES

◦ Various network QoS classes to be defined for service offered through NGN network ◦ IP Packet Transfer Delay (IPTD), IP Packet Delay Variation (IPDV), IP Packet Error Ratio (IPER) , IP Packet Loss Ratio (IPLR), for real time/ non real time voice, data, video and streaming multimedia services. This should be defined for various classes of service separately ◦ In case of VoIP, toll quality and non toll quality parameters shall be defined. Customers should be made aware of the difference in Quality and tariff between the two services, by service providers. Interconnection congestion limit should be specified. Some percentage level should be defined for bandwidth utilization. Call Completion rate within network and across networks (inter network)



QoS End to End - Across Networks ◦ Apportionment of impairment objectives among operators and number of operators that could be allowed in a particular scenario also needs to be worked out ◦ Guaranteed Bandwidth, Bandwidth on demand and Throughput i.e. effective data transfer rate measured in bits per second need to be specified particularly in NGN scenario



IPv6 implementation will be desirable for migration to NGN. However the need and time to migrate to IPv6 be left to service providers

NGN-eCO acknowledges the importance of net neutrality in NGN environment, however feels that no regulatory intervention is required at this stage  A committee under aegis of Telecom Engineering Center (TEC) be constituted to study requirement of network synchronization and suggest methodologies of its implementation by various service providers across the networks. Based on the recommendation of TEC, DOT may issue directions which shall be compulsorily implemented by all service providers 

Application Server

Soft switch

Other Networks

SBC

Line Media Gateway

Line Media Gateway SHDSL

PRI

V5.2

Common IP MPLS Transport RSU 2B+D

ADSL/ADSL2+

AN

TMG SSTP Network

E1s

Local / Rural Exchanges

57

Technology NEAX-61E

Total No. of Exchanges (MSUs)

%age of Exchange

Equipped Capacity

% Equipped Capacity

7

0.22%

338

10.78%

AXE-10

25

0.80%

5-ESS

89

2.84%

2,249,018

4.83%

EWSD

179

5.71%

5,198,746

16

0.51%

OCB-283

FETEX-150L C-DOT (SBM)

106

C-DOT (MAX-L)

408

C-DOT (MAXXL) E-10 B Total

1,784

83,219

13.01%

0.18%

8,967,304

28.29%

20.42%

76.05%

2.24%

81.11%

1,713,398

5.13%

76.18%

11.18%

3,742,849

11.21%

72.00%

0.76%

180,761

0.54%

51.16%

  24,002,553

% Loading

0.07%

6,819,965

1.98%

353,301

56.89%  

23,543

19.28%

921,353

3.38%  

Working DELs % Working & DELs

747,288

  51.60%

 

  17,192,294

 

  51.47%

 

71.63%  

184

5.87%

4,744,696

10.20%

2,982,338

8.93%

62.86%

3,136

100.00%

46,520,190

100.00%

33,402,436

100.00%

71.80%

As on 31.05.2007 As on 31.03.2008 As on 31.03.2009 As on 31.03.2010 As on 31.12.2010 Basic Telephone Total Number of connections

33,149,457

31,491,984

29,917,385

28,421,516

27,000,440

3,599,544

5,400,000

8,400,000

10,800,000

12,840,000

28,423,283

56,430,000

92,430,000

128,430,000

155,430,000

2,747,624

2,827,000

3,675,100

1,120,000

7,480,000

13,480,000

WLL Total Number of connections Mobile Total Number of connections Internet Total Number of connections

4,777,630

6,210,919

Broadband Total Number of connections

19,480,000

23,980,000

IPTV Total Number of connections

Total

200,000  

103,828,984

1,400,000 149,302,485

2,600,000 194,509,146

3,800,000 229,261,359



Access Layer ◦ Fixed Line Access is designed for voice ◦ To be made capable of Broad band Multimedia access such that speeds in access are compatible with those in Wireless (42Mbps for HSPA, EVDO Rev ‘C’) so that FMC can be exploited ◦ Copper can give speed up to 26 Mbps only within 500 m ◦ FTTH, FTTB, FTTC is the solution

61



Transport Layer ◦ IP/MPLS is currently available in 106 cities ◦ There is an immediate need for extending it to 322 SSAs for IP TAX ◦ By extending it to District and Taluka levels in addition to facilitating NGN other opportunities like SWAN can also be exploited ◦ It is Hub & Spoke model at national level which limits its scalability ◦ Similar models need to be replicated at Circle level ◦ The networks at Circle level can preferably be autonomous systems

62



Control Layer ◦ IP TAX will introduce control elements for interfacing with PSTN to NGN ◦ Current 45.5 Million CMTS tender will introduce 3G R6 and IMS solution ◦ The above two implementations will provide platform for adoption of Fully Converged Network Architecture based on IMS for Fixed, Mobile, FMC with future upgrades



Service Layer ◦ Full services possible after above two projects ◦ However, SIP based services can be introduced even now

63



Offered services to have the following features: ◦ Mobility: It should be possible for users to register dynamically their current location so that they can be contacted when mobile using a publicized address ◦ Forking: It should be possible to associate multiple devices with a single address, so that all or a selection of these devices can be contacted simultaneously or in succession ◦ Features Negotiation: It should be possible for the users to negotiate media and protocol extensions to be used for a particular call for setting up any type of media conversation, including voice, video and messaging 64



Offered services to have the following features: ◦ Applications Flexibility: It should be possible to define, create and implement new applications in the network. The new applications may be built up on separate Application Servers which may be located in the same network / domain or in some other network / domain. ◦ Combinational services: It should be possible to combine different services into one service e.g., instant messaging and voice

65



Pilot Project for 200 KC IP TAX equipment ◦ This will introduce IP in transit network

Plan to add 6.4 million Class-4 Transit capacity in 2008-2009 through IP TAX  Plan to Strengthen SSTP Networks to become the de-facto Signaling Network in BSNL 

◦ Can be used for Local Number Portability and MNP 

Replacement of Legacy switches nearing expiry/expired switches to begin from 2008-2009 by Next Generation Switching Architecture

Plan to introduce SIP based services in 20082009  Migration to IMS and introduction of new applications 

◦ Applications like presence information, videoconferencing, multiparty gaming, community services and content sharing to roll out in a phased manner from 2009



For WLL Migration to LSMD from next procurement and Migration to MMD to begin from 2009 ◦ EVDO Rev “A” Hardware has already been asked for in the current WLL Tender ◦ To have year wise procurement plans for WLL in line with the developments of EVDO Rev “B” (2008-09) and EVDO Rev “C” (2009-2010) standards

To 3GPP Release 7 to integrate WLAN into NGN / IMS Core from next WiMAX procurement  To migrate the Fixed Line Access, which at present is designed for Voice, to Broadband by a suitable mix of Wireless Access, Copper, FTTH, FTTB and FTTC solutions 

◦ To add FTTH to 500,000 ports in 2008; 700,000 in 2009 and 800,000 in 2010 ◦ To introduce FTTB and FTTC with VDSL2 wherever feasible; Tentative target may be 9 Million

To introduce Mobility in Broadband in 2009-2010  To have IP backbone at Circle, Zonal and National level 



To extend IP core from 106 locations to all SSAs in 2008-2009 and to all DHQs in 2009-2010 ◦ Introduce IPv6 in IP Core ◦ 24 Core nodes to be fully meshed by STM-256 links to support Terabit throughput in Core Full redundancy to be built in the core by having two routers at each location

◦ The existing routers at Core locations to be moved to secondary layer ◦ Secondary nodes at Circle level to be connected to Core nodes at with 10 Gbps, 2.5 Gbps dual links 

Full migration to NGN with replacement of PSTN by 2015

STM-4/STM-1 : 622 Mb/s STM-16/STM-4-2.5Gb/s L-1 to L-1 21 cities 32 channel 2.5G-DWDM – 80Gb/s Equipped for 40Gb/s L1 to L2 322 SSAs L2 to L3 cities : 2746

DWDM : 80 Gb/s 32 Channel 2.5G-DWDM L-1 to L-1 21 cities 40 channel 10G-DWDM : 400Gb/s L1 to L2 322 SSAs L2 to L3 cities : 2746

NIB Gatewa y National/SSA DWDM Network

Video server

City DWDM OADM Network

MSPP Ring Network STM-16

STM-64 Rings

STM-16/4/1 Rings Router

CO rin T g CO rin T g

CO rin T g

RTs

COT ring

CO rin T g

RSUs/ RLUs/Lease d lines

STM-16/4/1 Rings Media Gatewa y

LE/ Tandem/ TAX

GSM MSCs

RSUs/ RLUs/Lease d lines

40 Chl – 10G Tera bit DWDM Backbone Proposed ASON enabled High end OXC Proposed 32 Chl – 2.5 G DWDM Backbone Proposed

L1

L2 L3

Multi ADM On LH links Proposed STM-64 Endlinks for GSM MSCs

2048 X 2048 High end OXC Proposed + MADMs MADMs & MSPP STM-16 City Access rings or SDCAs Rings NIB Routers / BB Lan Switches/ COTs/ BSCs/ TAXs/ STM-1 and CPE City Access Rings GSM BTS /DLCs /DSLAMs/RSUs/Customers

GSM

36.0 M Lines 50%2G, 50%3G

36. 0 M Lines 50%2G, 50%3G

36.0 M Lines 50%2G, 50%3G

WLL

3.00 M Lines EVDO Rev 'A'

2.4 0 M Lines EVDO Rev 'B'

2.80 M Lines EVDO Rev 'C'

MPLSCore

40 G Core 150 POPs

40 G Core, 50 POPs RACF, NASS

IMSCore Layer and Services

100.0 M Users

6.00 M Users

Class-5 SIP Based Services Pilot

0.06 M Lines

E-10B, NEAX, FETEX150LReplacement

1.00 M Lines

2.16 M Lines

AXE-10, 5ESS through TMG

1.45 M Lines

AXE-10, 5ESS Replacement

1.00 M Lines

C-DoT MAX-L/ MAXXLMigration to

7.00 M Lines

C-DoT AN thorugh TMG

1.00 M Lines

EWSD Migration to AGW

0.76 M Lines

1.14 M Lines

1.90 M Lines

OCB-283 Migration to AGW

1.36 M Lines

2.04 M Lines

3.40 M Lines

Q1 Calender Year

Q2 Q3 2008

Q4

Q1

Q2 Q3 2009

Q4

Q1

Q2 Q3 2010

Q4

Q1

Q2 Q3 2011

Q4

E-Connectivity  E-Agriculture  E-Governance  E-Commerce  E-Education  E-Health  E-Entertainment 

Thanks