Snmp

Central Management System and SNMP

Contents • Why Network Management • General Aspects on Network Management • SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol • Basic Function of SNMPFunction of Network • Management via SNMP MIB Management Information Base

Why Network Management

 Increasing network sizes need for navigation and monitoring tool  Increasing usage of intelligent hubs, bridges, routers, switches etc. to build structured networks complex and difficult to configure units have already integrated managment  Reduction and prevention of system downtimes  Fast and adequate reaction  Supervision of the whole network from a central point

Network Management - Existing Solutions  SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)  TNM (Telelecom Network Management)  SDH Management (via management bits in SDH protocol)  propriatry solutions (e.g. PANDATEL NMS based on VT100 terminal emulation)

SNMP - Simple Network Management Protocol

 Basic idea: Network Management via Network itself  Using transport layer UDP and network layer IP with SLIP, PPP, Ethernet as transport medium / layer  Requires additional intelligence in network equipment  Unique network address (IP address) of each unit that is to be managed

SNMP - Use of OSI Layers Etherne t Switch SNMP Master

Applicatio n GET SET Session

Mmgt. Application e.g.HPOV

SNMP MIB II

Enterprise

MIBs

SNMP Agent

GET Resp. SET Resp. TRAP

SNMP MIB II

Transport

UDP

UDP

Network

IP

IP

Physical & Link

Enterprise

MIBs

SLIP / PPP

Ethernet

SLIP / PPP

Ethernet

Serial link

10BaseT, 10Base2

Serial link

10BaseT, 10Base2

SNMP - Basic Function At least 2 components are needed:  Network Equipment including SNMP Software  AGENT 

 Management Station including Management Software  DOS PC or UNIX Workstation 

SNMP - Communication

GET SET

TRAP

SNMP Master

SNMP Agent Ethernet (10BaseT, 100 BaseT)

Ethernet Switch

SNMP - Inband Management

SNMP Master

SNMP Agent GET / SET, TRAP

Ethernet (10BaseT, 100 BaseT)

Ethernet Switch

SNMP - Outband Management

GET / SET, TRAP Serial link (SLIP / PPP) Ethernet (10BaseT)

SNMP Master

SNMP Agent

Ethernet (10BaseT, 100 BaseT)

Ethernet Switch

SNMP - General Tasks of the Network Mmgt. Station  Configuration Management  Network Statistics  Error Management  Security Management

Practical  Requests data from the agent  Sends configuration data to the agent  Reacts on Traps

SNMP - General Tasks of the Agent

 Controls the managable unit(s)  Gathers information from the unit and delivers these to the Mgmt. Station on request  Generates Traps in case of unusual events

SNMP - MIBs

 Database which contains all objects (variables) needed to control SNMP units  Aim: A general database which is independent from any protocol  Tree structure  Syntax: Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1)

SNMP - MIBs Global MIBs  Implemented in all SNMP agents and management systems  Contain general objects Private MIBs  Contain specific objects of certain manufacturers  Contain specific objects of certain units  Are delivered with the agent in order to provide complete management functionality

SNMP - MIBs

MIB ID:  Any table (object) and any column / row of these tables has a unique name and a MIB ID No. inside the MIB tree  With the MIB ID No. a unique path through the MIB tree is given e.g. all PANDATEL tables can be found under 1.3.6.1.4.1.760

SNMP - General MIB Tree

PANDATEL Management - VT100 Basic Function

FO

RS485

G.703

FH/FL

HDSL

VT100 Management Station

GM-H GM-S

Serial RS232 link

BM-Z

RS485

Mmgt. Card

FH/FL GM-H

RS485

GM-S BM-Z

RS485

Sub Card

FH/FL GM-H

RS485

GM-S BM-Z Sub Card

PANDATEL Management - Universal Rack System

PANDATEL Management - Active Management Components

PANDATEL Management - VT100 Basic Function

PANDATEL Management - VT100 Basic Features

 Menu-driven VT100 management  Management of up to 48 rack cards and their remote units maximum 96 units  DCE RS232 control port protected by password  Dial-up functionality  Standard management functions (e.g. loops, BERT)  Special management functions according to specific unit (e.g. CRC4, line speed adaption)

PANDATEL Management - VT100 Special Features Event storage of last 256 system events (FIFO)  Line status up / down  I/F status up / down  AIS  Loop activation / deactivation Bit-Error-Rate Testing  Local unit generates bit pattern ( 2 x 10-15 )  Remote unit is set to line loop  Local units generates bit-error report Dial-up functionality  Management card can be accesed via dial-up lines ( with dial-up modem)  Management card can be programmed to dial specific number in case of alarm

PANDATEL Management - VT100 Special Features

SNMP basic setup  IP Address (e.g. 192.168.10.1)  Subnet (e.g. 255.255.255.0)  Five levels of access (SNMP = communities) protected by different passwords  Serial interface parameters (e.g. 9600 baud, 8 bit, no parity)  Up to 20 TRAP receivers can be programmed

PANDATEL Management - SNMP Basic Function

SNMP Management Station

SNMP SLIP / PPP or Ethernet

FO

RS485

G.703

FH/FL

HDSL

GM-H GM-S BM-Z

RS485

Mmgt. Card

FH/FL GM-H

Translation RS485

GM-S BM-Z

RS485

Sub Card

FH/FL GM-H

RS485

GM-S BM-Z Sub Card

PANDATEL Management - SNMP Basic Application

PANDATEL Management - SNMP Special Features Management Interface  RS232 for SLIP or PPP with dial-up functionality  10BaseT for Ethernet protocol Security  Five different levels of access protected by different passwords  Definition of up to 20 TRAP receivers Management Functions  same functionality as VT100  enhanced alarm (TRAP) messages  enhanced supervision of line and I/F signals (e.g. RTS, DCD, AIS)