Moinak's Presentation_artificial Heart-lung Machine

SILIGURI INSTITITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY NAME:- MOINAK DEY 3RD YEAR 6TH SEMESTER DEPT:-BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING TEACHER:- SUJAN K.SAMANTA

TOPIC OF SEMINAR

“ARTIFICIAL HEART-LUNG MACHINE”

Artificial Heart-lung Machine

What is an “Artificial Heart-Lung Machine”? The Artificial Heart-Lung Machine is a unit,in which an artificial lung and a heat exchanger is connected to an undulation pump and a drive unit. It circulates the blood if the heart is stopped. In 1937,Dr.Gibbon invented the first artificial heart-lung machine. In 1953,he performed the first artificial heart-lung machine implantation operation in human.

First Heart-Lung Machine By Dr.Gibbon(1937)

First Heart-Lung Machine(1937)

Artificial Heart-Lung Machine

Model Of Artificial Heart Lung Machine TO ARTERY

TO CORONARY ARTERIES

VENOUS INPUT

FROM CORONARY SINUS

Filter Coronary Pump Arterial Heat Exchanger

Coronary Heat Exchanger

Receiving Reservoir

Arterial Pump Oxygenator

Settling Reservoir

Coronary Sinus Pump

FROM HEART

Block Diagram Of Artificial Heart-Lung Machine

Working Mechanism: • Consists of a chamber which receives blood from body. • Blood is pushed inside the reservoir. • Blood is pushed from the reservoir to an oxygenator. • Oxygenator removes Carbon dioxide and adds oxygen. • Pump, then pumps this newly oxygenated blood back to the body. • Connected to patient by a series of tubes.

Fig:-Working Mechanism Of Artificial Heart-Lung Machine

Fig:- Tubing distribution Of Artificial Heart-Lung Machine

Parts Of Artificial Heart-Lung Machine:The artificial heart-lung machine consists of several parts. They follow a major role in the working of the machine.The parts which constitute the artificial heart-lung machine are:Oxygenator. Heat Exchanger. Filter. Pump. Reservoir.

 Oxygenator:One main component of the artificial heartlung machine is the Oxygenator. An oxygenator is a medical device that is capable of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. In general the basic types of oxygenators are:• Bubble Oxygenator • Film Oxygenator • Membrane Oxygenator

Basic Types of Oxygenators A. Bubble B. Film C. Membrane

Comparison between 3 oxygenators Bubble Membrane Film Oxygenator Oxygenator Oxygenator

Flow capacity

Medium

High

Low

Priming volume Medium

Large

Small

Initial cost

Low

High

Medium

Maintenance cost

High

Medium

High

 Heat Exchanger:This arrangement allows the temperature regulation of the blood by Heat Exchange between blood and media. The Cylindrical Heat Exchanger contains channels to move blood from pump to oxygenator.

 Filter:This device filters micro-particles(<40Å) in size,which enters the machine. Filter,filters the blood from the artificial Filter heart-lung machine and delivers it to the other parts of the body.

 Pump:Pump,permits the blood coming from the Pump reservoir to be driven out to the heat exchanger. Advantages:The pump increases the space and volume of the whole system.

 Reservoir:Reservoir,is Reservoir the storage device which is responsible for both collection and distribution of the blood. A Reservoir collects blood drained from the venous circulation and heart.  Uses: Air-fluid separation.  Temporary storage.  Ventilation(Bubble Oxygenenators).  Filtration.

The Ideal Heart-Lung Machine  Oxygenate upto 5 liters/min of venous blood to 95-100%.  CO2 removal is efficient.  Has reasonable priming volume.  It is Biocompatible.  Simple,dependable,safe,easily sterilized,easily connected and disconnected from the patient.

RECENTLY DEVELOPED HEART-LUNG MACHINE

5th Generation HL Machine

New Baby HL Machine

World’s Smallest Heart-Lung Machine

CONCLUSION Thus blood can be re-routed through artificial heart-lung machine. Since its development almost forty years ago, thousands of human and animal hearts have been repaired while this life-saving machine took over for them during surgery.

REFERENCE WEBSITES:www.soringroup-usa.com www.news.bbc.co.uk www.surguryencyclopedia.com www.nedicow.com BOOKS:Textbook Of Medical Physiology, by Guyton & Hall. Bio-Medical Instrumentation, by M.Arumugam.