Mme 1103 Workshop Technology Safety

MEC1105 WORKSHOP TECHNOLOGY

SAFETY Section 1, 2, 3, & 4

CONTENT

• Relevance • Definition • Do’s & Don’ts • Illustrations • Operational Issues •Q&A

RELEVANCE (1) • Address two of the most prominent safety issues – Developing a good safety attitude in you – Providing introductory safety training – the importance of safety in the Kulliyyah

RELEVANCE (2) LAWS OF MALAYSIA - Act 514 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT 1994 An Act to make further provisions for securing the safety, health and welfare of persons at work, for protecting others against risks to safety or health in connection with the activities of persons at work, to establish the National Council for Occupational Safety and Health and for matters connected therewith.

DEFINITION

• Human/machine/workplace interaction • Maximizes quality and efficiency of work • Maximizes human values such as safety, satisfaction, comfort, learning • These two normally conflict – the need for juggling skill • Safety - judgment of the acceptability of danger (hazard & risk) where • Hazard – injury producer • Risk – probability that an injury will occur • 85 % of accidents caused by human: training is extremely important – to recognize hazard & to work safely

DO’S & DON’TS (1) •

Occupational Safety & Health Act 1994 – Control of Industrial Major Accident Hazards – Regulations 1995 • Control of occupational hazards • Elimination • Substitution • Isolation • Engineering controls • Personal protective equipment (PPE)

DO’S & DON’TS (2) • Do’s and Don’ts to prevent accidents ¬ Wear proper attire i.e., workshop jacket & proper shoes. Loose clothing, finger rings and other accessories are some possible sources of accident. ¬ Footwear must be worn all the time to prevent injury – molten aluminum, hot metal chips, slip ¬ Be attentive while you are in the workshop. Never put your hands in your trousers lest you may be caught in the state of nonreadiness

DO’S & DON’TS (3)

• Do’s and Don’ts to prevent accidents ¬ Do not run in the workshop. Be calm but serious. ¬ Pay attention to details. Always think before you carry out any step. ¬ Do not start any machine before obtaining instructions from your instructor. ¬ Make sure you understand your machine & the procedures before you start working. ¬ Check your vicinity. Ensure the floor is clean & clear from oils, obstructions and debris.

DO’S & DON’TS (4)

• Do’s and Don’ts to prevent accidents ¬ Locate the Emergency button or foot pedal. In the event of any accident, switch off the machine using the Emergency button. ¬ Never let anyone handle the starting switch for you. ¬ Ensure work-pieces are properly clamped or secured to the machine. Remove any loose parts such as chuck key, vice handle, etc. – flying chuck key (faint) & flying work-piece ¬ Always wear goggles where fine chips are produced – bloated eye.

DO’S & DON’TS (5)

• Do’s and Don’ts to prevent accidents ¬ Use machine guards all the time. ¬ When you are operating any machine, stand at a proper distance. ¬ Do not use hand(s) or finger(s) to stop moving or rotating machines or parts of machines – legs between rollers ¬ Do not set the tools when the machine is running. You may break the tool and worse still, you may injure yourself. ¬ Never handle machines or work-pieces during running. Stop the machine first…

DO’S & DON’TS (6)

• Do’s and Don’ts to prevent accidents ¬ Do not distract a person while he or she is operating a machine. Wait till he or she completes the operation & stop the machine before doing so – Do not be playful – NO PRACTICAL JOKES ¬ Do not use hands to clear metal chips – 600 ~ 700OC (chip-tool interface) ¬ Do not take measurement while machine or work-piece is moving ¬ Do not blow chips, dust from vices, etc. lest they may get into your eyes.

DO’S & DON’TS (7)

• Do’s and Don’ts to prevent accidents ¬ When facing with problems or uncertainty, stop the machine & get clarification and help. ¬ Stop any machine before leaving it. Never leave any machine running unattended. ¬ Beware of high temperatures associated with metal chips, welding, heat treatment & casting activities ¬ Beware of high voltages. Ensure all machines are properly earthed. Do not interfere with electrical equipment or connections.

DO’S & DON’TS (8)

• Do’s and Don’ts to prevent accidents ¬ Protect your eyes from bright lights & ears from loud sounds ¬ Plan your time properly. Working under unnecessary pressure may lead to accidents ¬ Grinding tools must be set up by experienced personnel. Grinding tools rotate at great circumferential speed ¬ Damaged grinding tools & wheels must not be used ¬ Do not run any machining exceeding the maximum allowable speeds ¬

DO’S & DON’TS (9)

• Do’s and Don’ts to prevent accidents ¬ Report any injury, cut or scratch, no matter how trivial it may be to your instructor ¬ Clean the tools, cutters, machines & surrounding area from debris, metal chips, oils, grease & coolants whenever necessary and after completing your work Clean working + good order = safety ¬ Return all tools to store or original cabinet ¬ Never handle heavy objects unaided. • The above list is not exhaustive. Good understanding, calmness and common sense

ILLUSTRATIONS (1)

ILLUSTRATIONS (2)

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET 1. What is the material, and what are its hazards? 2. What should I do if a problem occurs? 3. What precautions should I take when working with this material? 4. Is there anything else I should know about this substance?

ILLUSTRATIONS (3) ELECTRICAL SAFETY

Slips, trips, and falls account for more workplace injuries annually than any other accident category. Many of these injuries can be disabling, or even fatal.

ILLUSTRATIONS (4) Danger of working with machinery Minimizing risks by proper installation and use of safety guards and devices. The risk of accidents from powered machinery is so great OSHA estimates that lack of machine guarding is the second most frequent safety violation in industry today.

ILLUSTRATIONS (5) Physiology of the body Parts of the body most effected Eye strain Preventative measures Industrial Ergonomics

Correct use of office equipment Exercises and stress release

ILLUSTRATIONS (6) Back Safety

Material Handling

ILLUSTRATIONS (7) Prevent workplace accidents by paying attention to safety housekeeping considerations. Good safety housekeeping can significantly reduce accidents and injuries in any type of work environment. By developing good safety habits / by being aware of their work environment and any hazards associated with it, employees can help to create a much safer workplace. Safety awareness Handling rubbish and excess materials Keeping aisles and stairways clean Using ropes and electric cords Dealing with hazardous chemicals Tool maintenance Proper tool storage

ILLUSTRATIONS (8) Authorization for welding operations Sparking and fire risk Guards and protective barriers Hazardous fumes and ventilation Proper welding safety procedures The use of respirators Eye protection (welding helmets, filters, glasses and goggles) Other PPE Inspecting welding equipment

ILLUSTRATIONS (9) Hearing Safety

Many eye problems caused by not paying attention to the work or by not wearing the appropriate protective equipment. Reminds employees that eye injuries can easily happen to them Our eyes are really very fragile, and statistics show that eye injuries occur frequently in the workplace.

Eye Safety

Selecting and using appropriate personal protective equipment Short and long-term effects of eye injuries

ILLUSTRATIONS (10) Matching the tool to the job Importance of state of mind Good safety practices Personal protective equipment Most common cause of workplace Tool care and maintenance injuries today is due to employees not using personal protective equipment (PPE) as they work. How to properly use PPE Matching equipment to the hazard The limitations of various PPE The proper use of PPE

ILLUSTRATIONS (11)

ILLUSTRATIONS (12) Compressed gas is used for many things refrigeration, welding, heating, and a number of other functions. Compressed gas can be dangerous, and employees who work with them need to know how to handle them properly. Associated hazards Moving and transporting cylinders safely Positioning cylinders properly Proper hook-up procedures Safe storage practices Storage incompatibilities

ILLUSTRATIONS (13) Workplace fires cause hundreds of millions of dollars in damage and result in numerous employee injuries, many of which are fatal. Work practices can contribute to the risk of fire. Common causes of workplace fires Importance of good housekeeping Other fire prevention measures Various types of fire extinguishers Using fire extinguishers Evacuation and other employee responsibilities First aid

ILLUSTRATIONS (14) Over 90% of crane-related accidents are caused by human error, and that they are the key to preventing these incidents. Crane-related accidents can often be deadly, due to the cumbersome and heavy loads that are lifted. A small miscalculation, or a brief moment of inattention, and tragedy could strike. Physical and mental preparation Equipment inspection Hazard assessment Overhead cranes General and operational safety devices Crane operations Hand signals

ILLUSTRATIONS (15) Sources of air contamination Adhesives, solvents and vehicle exhaust A building's occupants affect indoor air quality Smoking and second-hand smoke The use of humidifiers and dehumidifiers INDOOR AIR QUALITY

Heating and air-conditioning systems

ILLUSTRATIONS (16) Knowing basic first aid can often limit the severity of any type of injury, or even prevent a death. Not a day goes by without some type of injury occurring. It can be as serious as a chemical burn, or as minor as a small cut. Any injury can be painful and affect an employee's work performance, as well as their life off the job. Cuts and bleeding Muscle pulls and sprains Burns Broken bones Shock Artificial respiration and CPR

ILLUSTRATIONS (17)

ILLUSTRATIONS (18) Full cooperation with any inquiry. Focus to determine the cause of an accident Goal to prevent similar accidents from happening Root-cause analysis Importance of investigative interviews Reporting near misses Warning signs in accident prevention

ILLUSTRATIONS (19)

ILLUSTRATIONS (20) How small changes in lifestyles can produce big benefits. Good wellness and fitness can significantly help to improve safety records. Accidents and injuries occur less frequently with those who are healthier and in better shape. The importance of attitude Blood pressure and other stress related conditions Nutrition and weight control Drug and alcohol use Exercise Smoking

ILLUSTRATIONS (21)

OPERATIONAL ISSUES (1) • Working after office hours ¬ Plan your time properly to avoid the need to work after working hours. ¬ Plan your time & work properly to avoid rush jobs - safety ¬ In the event that you require to do so, permission must be obtained using the official form: ¬Signature of the accompanying technician(s) ¬Signature of Workshop Coordinator

OPERATIONAL ISSUES (2) • Working after office hours ¬ Minimum number of students working at any time in one particular area – two (2) ¬ Maximum working time is 10:00 pm (in a big group)

THE END IQ + EQ + SQ = TQ