Mis Assignment
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COLLEGE OF BUSSINESS EDUCATION
DEPARTMENT OF BUSSINESS ADMINISTRATION
COURSE:
DIPLOMA IN ADMINISTRATION
NAME OF STUDENTS:
SUBMITION DAY:
BUSSINESS
Ambokile Mwangolombe
25/ November/ 2009
TOPIC: System
Information Management
COURSE INSTRUCTOR: MR. NYAMU
Questions: Q1: Information Management System
Overview At the start, in businesses and other organizations, internal reporting was made manually and only periodically, and gave limited and delayed information on management performance. Previously, data had to be separated individually by the people as per the requirement and necessity of the organization. Later, data and information was distinguished and instead of the collection of mass of data, important and to the point data that is needed by the organization and was stored.
Definition An 'MIS' is a planned system of the collecting, processing, storing and disseminating data in the form of information needed to carry out the functions of management. In a way it is a documented report of the activities those were planned and executed. “MIS” management information systems, the terms systems, information, and management must briefly be defined. A system is a combination or arrangement of parts to form an integrated whole. A system includes an orderly arrangement according to some common principles or rules. A system is a plan or method of doing something. Information is what is used in the act of informing or the state of being informed. Information includes knowledge acquired by some means Management is a process that is used to accomplish organizational goals; that is, a process that is used to achieve what an organization wants to achieve. An organization could be a business, a school, a city, a group of volunteers, or any governmental entity The four key functions of management are applied throughout organization
an
Planning; setting organizational goals. Organizing refers to the way the organization allocates resources, assigns tasks, and goes about accomplishing its goals. Directing It is supervising, or leading workers to accomplish the goals of
the organization
Controlling involves the evaluation activities that managers must perform.
Management information systems are those systems that allow managers to make decisions for the successful operation of businesses. Management information systems consist of computer resources, people, and procedures used in the modern business enterprise. Management Levels and Functions
Top-level management •
Require an extensive knowledge of management roles and skills.
•
They have to be very aware of external factors such as markets.
•
Their decisions are generally of a long-term nature
•
Their decisions are made using analytic, directive, conceptual and/or behavioral/participative processes
•
They are responsible for strategic decisions.
•
They have to chalk out the plan and see that plan may be effective in the future.
•
They are executive in nature.
Middle management •
Mid-level managers have a specialized understanding of certain managerial tasks.
•
They are responsible for carrying out the decisions made by top-level management.
Lower management •
This level of management ensures that the decisions and plans taken by the other two are carried out.
•
Lower-level managers' decisions are generally short-term ones.
Foreman / lead hand •
They are people who have direct supervision over the working force in office factory, sales field or other workgroup or areas of activity.
“MIS” Implementation MIS development requires four stages when developing a system for any phase of the organization: Phase I is systems planning. The systems team must investigate the initial problem by determining what the problem is and developing a feasibility study for management to review. Phase II identifies the requirements for the systems. It includes the systems analysis, the user requirements, necessary hardware and software, and a conceptional design for the system. Top management then reviews the systems analysis and design. Phase III involves the development of the systems. This involves developing technical support and technical specifications, reviewing users' procedures control, designing the system, testing the system, and providing user
training for the system. At this time, management again reviews and decides on whether to implement the system. Phase IV is the implementation of the system. The new system is converted from the old system, and the new system is implemented and then refined. There must then be ongoing maintenance and reevaluation of the system to see if it continues to meet the needs of the business.
Advantages of “MIS” • •
•
•
In Minimizes information overload: MIS change the larger amount of data in to summarize form and there by avoids the confusion which may arise when managers are flooded with detailed facts. MIS Encourages Decentralization: Decentralization of authority is possibly when there is a system for monitoring operations at lower levels. MIS is successfully used for measuring performance and making necessary change in the organizational plans and procedures It brings Co ordination: MIS facilities integration of specialized activities by keeping each department aware of the problem and requirements of other departments. It connects all decision centers in the organization It makes control easier: MIS serves as a link between managerial planning and control. It improves the ability of management to evaluate and improve performance. The used computers has increased the data processing and storage capabilities and reduced the cost
As it is indicated above MIS structure vary depending on the organization structure, vision and its objectives. Reference: Internet
DEPARTMENT OF BUSSINESS ADMINISTRATION
COURSE:
DIPLOMA IN ADMINISTRATION
NAME OF STUDENTS:
SUBMITION DAY:
BUSSINESS
Ambokile Mwangolombe
25/ November/ 2009
TOPIC: System
Information Management
COURSE INSTRUCTOR: MR. NYAMU
Questions: Q1: Information Management System
Overview At the start, in businesses and other organizations, internal reporting was made manually and only periodically, and gave limited and delayed information on management performance. Previously, data had to be separated individually by the people as per the requirement and necessity of the organization. Later, data and information was distinguished and instead of the collection of mass of data, important and to the point data that is needed by the organization and was stored.
Definition An 'MIS' is a planned system of the collecting, processing, storing and disseminating data in the form of information needed to carry out the functions of management. In a way it is a documented report of the activities those were planned and executed. “MIS” management information systems, the terms systems, information, and management must briefly be defined. A system is a combination or arrangement of parts to form an integrated whole. A system includes an orderly arrangement according to some common principles or rules. A system is a plan or method of doing something. Information is what is used in the act of informing or the state of being informed. Information includes knowledge acquired by some means Management is a process that is used to accomplish organizational goals; that is, a process that is used to achieve what an organization wants to achieve. An organization could be a business, a school, a city, a group of volunteers, or any governmental entity The four key functions of management are applied throughout organization
an
Planning; setting organizational goals. Organizing refers to the way the organization allocates resources, assigns tasks, and goes about accomplishing its goals. Directing It is supervising, or leading workers to accomplish the goals of
the organization
Controlling involves the evaluation activities that managers must perform.
Management information systems are those systems that allow managers to make decisions for the successful operation of businesses. Management information systems consist of computer resources, people, and procedures used in the modern business enterprise. Management Levels and Functions
Top-level management •
Require an extensive knowledge of management roles and skills.
•
They have to be very aware of external factors such as markets.
•
Their decisions are generally of a long-term nature
•
Their decisions are made using analytic, directive, conceptual and/or behavioral/participative processes
•
They are responsible for strategic decisions.
•
They have to chalk out the plan and see that plan may be effective in the future.
•
They are executive in nature.
Middle management •
Mid-level managers have a specialized understanding of certain managerial tasks.
•
They are responsible for carrying out the decisions made by top-level management.
Lower management •
This level of management ensures that the decisions and plans taken by the other two are carried out.
•
Lower-level managers' decisions are generally short-term ones.
Foreman / lead hand •
They are people who have direct supervision over the working force in office factory, sales field or other workgroup or areas of activity.
“MIS” Implementation MIS development requires four stages when developing a system for any phase of the organization: Phase I is systems planning. The systems team must investigate the initial problem by determining what the problem is and developing a feasibility study for management to review. Phase II identifies the requirements for the systems. It includes the systems analysis, the user requirements, necessary hardware and software, and a conceptional design for the system. Top management then reviews the systems analysis and design. Phase III involves the development of the systems. This involves developing technical support and technical specifications, reviewing users' procedures control, designing the system, testing the system, and providing user
training for the system. At this time, management again reviews and decides on whether to implement the system. Phase IV is the implementation of the system. The new system is converted from the old system, and the new system is implemented and then refined. There must then be ongoing maintenance and reevaluation of the system to see if it continues to meet the needs of the business.
Advantages of “MIS” • •
•
•
In Minimizes information overload: MIS change the larger amount of data in to summarize form and there by avoids the confusion which may arise when managers are flooded with detailed facts. MIS Encourages Decentralization: Decentralization of authority is possibly when there is a system for monitoring operations at lower levels. MIS is successfully used for measuring performance and making necessary change in the organizational plans and procedures It brings Co ordination: MIS facilities integration of specialized activities by keeping each department aware of the problem and requirements of other departments. It connects all decision centers in the organization It makes control easier: MIS serves as a link between managerial planning and control. It improves the ability of management to evaluate and improve performance. The used computers has increased the data processing and storage capabilities and reduced the cost
As it is indicated above MIS structure vary depending on the organization structure, vision and its objectives. Reference: Internet
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