Microobes & Diseases Jiwanwala Faridkot
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MICROOBES & DISEASES
Disease It is a condition when normal functioning of body is disturbed.So disease is a departure from normal health through structural or functional disorder of the body.
TYPES OF DISEASES Diseases are classified in two types:• Communicable. •
Non-Communicable.
COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
These diseases are caused by pathogens like bacteria,virus,protozoa,fungi etc.These can spread from sick person to healthy person by means of air, water,food etc.
Disease caused by Bacteria:1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Tuberculosis (T.B). Cholera. Typhiod. Tetanus. Whooping Cough(Pertussis).
Tuberculosis:T.B is caused by bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects lungs,brain,eyes, and intestine.It occurs mainly in unhygienic & congested areas. Symptoms:-Low grade fever, Chest pain, Loss of weight,cough. Prevention:-BCG Vaccine. Issolation of T.B. patient.
Cholera:-It is caused by bacterium vibrio cholerae.these are coma shaped bacteria. it is more common during fairs & floods. it is transmitted through contaminated food & water it affects all age groups. Symptoms:-Watery stool(Dehideration),Sunken eyes, Hollow checks, Low BP, Dry tongue. Prevention:-Neat & clean food free from contamination, Boiled water, Cholera Vaccine.
Typhiod:-It is caused by Salmonella typhi. It usually infects intestine. It is transmitted through food, water & flies. Symptoms:- Headache & Fever. Red colour rashes on upper abdomen. Prevention:-Contamination of food & Water should be prevented, TAB Vaccine, Proper disposal of human faeces.
Tetanus:- It is caused by Clostridium tetani.this disease is also called as Lockjaw because in the last phase the patients jaws are tightly closed or locked. Prevention:-By giving prophy lactic doses of Tetanus Toxaid (TT vaccination)
Whooping Cough
It is caused by a bacillus Bordetella pertusis.it is spread by discharge from the throat of the infected person.
Prevention:DPT is given to protect children from three diseases-diphtheria , tetanus & whooping cough.
Diseases caused by virus
2. 3. 4. 5.
AIDS. Common Cold. Influenza. Rabies.
AIDS (Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome) It is caused by a retrovirus. Symptoms:-Swollen lymph nodes,fever,night sweats,weight loss.
Transmition of AIDS Sexual contact, contaminated blood transfusion from mother to child during pregnancy, through infected needles Prevention:-AIDS Edu. Program.
Common Cold
It is caused by Rhinovirus.It is drop-let infection by sneezing or coughing.
Symptoms:Watery secretion through nose, fever & headache.
Prevention:The patient should cover mouth & nose while coughing & sneezing.
Influenza It is caused by Myxovirus influenzae.It is similar to that of common cold.
Symptoms:Common Cold, Coughing,Body-ache,Sneezing.
Prevention:5. 6.
Keep away from the influenza patients. Do not use the articles like handkerchief, towel etc. used by the patient.
Rabies (Hydrophobia)
4. 5. 6.
It is caused by rabies virus. it is 100% fatal disease. Virus enters the human body with saliva of an infected animal, generally by bite of the dog,cat,fox etc. Symptoms:- Fear from the water, high fever with headache, choked throat , alternating stages of excitement & depression, paralysis.
Prevention:Eradication of the stray dogs. Killing of rabid animals. The wound should be washed with soap & water. Immunization of pets.
Designed By:S. Charnjit Singh Brar (Science Master) S. Balwinder Singh (Science Master) Govt.High.School , Jiwanwala (Fdk.) Punjab.
Disease It is a condition when normal functioning of body is disturbed.So disease is a departure from normal health through structural or functional disorder of the body.
TYPES OF DISEASES Diseases are classified in two types:• Communicable. •
Non-Communicable.
COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
These diseases are caused by pathogens like bacteria,virus,protozoa,fungi etc.These can spread from sick person to healthy person by means of air, water,food etc.
Disease caused by Bacteria:1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Tuberculosis (T.B). Cholera. Typhiod. Tetanus. Whooping Cough(Pertussis).
Tuberculosis:T.B is caused by bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects lungs,brain,eyes, and intestine.It occurs mainly in unhygienic & congested areas. Symptoms:-Low grade fever, Chest pain, Loss of weight,cough. Prevention:-BCG Vaccine. Issolation of T.B. patient.
Cholera:-It is caused by bacterium vibrio cholerae.these are coma shaped bacteria. it is more common during fairs & floods. it is transmitted through contaminated food & water it affects all age groups. Symptoms:-Watery stool(Dehideration),Sunken eyes, Hollow checks, Low BP, Dry tongue. Prevention:-Neat & clean food free from contamination, Boiled water, Cholera Vaccine.
Typhiod:-It is caused by Salmonella typhi. It usually infects intestine. It is transmitted through food, water & flies. Symptoms:- Headache & Fever. Red colour rashes on upper abdomen. Prevention:-Contamination of food & Water should be prevented, TAB Vaccine, Proper disposal of human faeces.
Tetanus:- It is caused by Clostridium tetani.this disease is also called as Lockjaw because in the last phase the patients jaws are tightly closed or locked. Prevention:-By giving prophy lactic doses of Tetanus Toxaid (TT vaccination)
Whooping Cough
It is caused by a bacillus Bordetella pertusis.it is spread by discharge from the throat of the infected person.
Prevention:DPT is given to protect children from three diseases-diphtheria , tetanus & whooping cough.
Diseases caused by virus
2. 3. 4. 5.
AIDS. Common Cold. Influenza. Rabies.
AIDS (Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome) It is caused by a retrovirus. Symptoms:-Swollen lymph nodes,fever,night sweats,weight loss.
Transmition of AIDS Sexual contact, contaminated blood transfusion from mother to child during pregnancy, through infected needles Prevention:-AIDS Edu. Program.
Common Cold
It is caused by Rhinovirus.It is drop-let infection by sneezing or coughing.
Symptoms:Watery secretion through nose, fever & headache.
Prevention:The patient should cover mouth & nose while coughing & sneezing.
Influenza It is caused by Myxovirus influenzae.It is similar to that of common cold.
Symptoms:Common Cold, Coughing,Body-ache,Sneezing.
Prevention:5. 6.
Keep away from the influenza patients. Do not use the articles like handkerchief, towel etc. used by the patient.
Rabies (Hydrophobia)
4. 5. 6.
It is caused by rabies virus. it is 100% fatal disease. Virus enters the human body with saliva of an infected animal, generally by bite of the dog,cat,fox etc. Symptoms:- Fear from the water, high fever with headache, choked throat , alternating stages of excitement & depression, paralysis.
Prevention:Eradication of the stray dogs. Killing of rabid animals. The wound should be washed with soap & water. Immunization of pets.
Designed By:S. Charnjit Singh Brar (Science Master) S. Balwinder Singh (Science Master) Govt.High.School , Jiwanwala (Fdk.) Punjab.
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