Meaning & Characteristic Of Psycholinguistic.docx

SITI KHADIJAH DAULAY 1502050211 VIII-D Morning

PSYCOLINGUISTIC Psycholinguistics is the study of the mental aspects of language and speech. It is primarily concerned with the ways in which language is represented and processed in the brain. A branch of both Linguistics and Psychology, P sycholinguistics is part of the field of cognitive science. Adjective: psycholinguistic. Psycholinguistics has roots in education and philosophy, and covers the "cognitive processes" that make it possible to generate a grammatical and meaningful sentence out of vocabulary and grammatical structures, as well as the processes that make it possible to understand utterances, words, text, etc. Developmental psycholinguistics studies children's ability to learn language. 

The term psycholinguistics was introduced by American psychologist Jacob Robert Kantor in his book An Objective Psychology of Grammar (1936). The term was popularized by one of Kantor's students, Henry Pronko, in the article "Language and Psycholinguistics: A Review" (1946). The emergence of psycholinguistics as an academic discipline is generally linked to an influential seminar at Cornell University in 1951.

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"Psycholinguistics is the study of the mental mechanisms that make it possible for people to use language. It is a scientific discipline whose goal is a coherent theory of the way in which language is produced and understood." (Alan Garnham, Psycholinguistics: Central Topics. Psychology Press, 1985)

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Herbert H Clark and Eve V.Clark (1977) In his work Psychology and Language: "An Introduction to Psycholinguistics" (1977: 4, as quoted by Soenjono Dardjowidjojo, 2003: 7) explains that language psychology deals with three main things: comprehension, production, and acquisition of language. The definition described by Herbert H Clark and Eve V. Clark relates to how the language used has passed through a process related to the human psyche. The things that are important in the psychology of language according to Herbert H Clark and

Eve V. Clark are (1) Comprehension, which means the ability to capture either the system or the symbol of sound that is arbitrator, (2) Production, namely the process of producing speech based on the speaker, where communicating requires mental planning, (3) Language acquisition, namely human processes gain the ability to capture, produce, and use words for understanding and communication. According to the author, the definitions conveyed by Herbert H Clark and Eve V. Clark cannot yet represent the actual definition of psycholinguistics but only discuss the three main things in language psychology.

CHARACTERISTIC OF PSYCHOLINGUISTIC A) Language as a System Indicates the existence of rules governing a language. Certain language rules are reflected in the level. The rule does not stand alone but is a set of elements that form and form a system. Language is dynamic with the understanding that language develops according to the development of language speakers. That is why we can also see language as a personal behavior. As a system of language it expresses its form in sounds and symbols. Sounds and symbols follow the rules adhered to by speakers of language and are conventionally used in everyday life. a particular language system which is the competence of language speakers will reveal its form in one's performance.

B) Language as Personal Behavior As personal behavior, language expresses its appearance in one's appearance. Example: if someone says, "You say and I will tell you who you are". In other words, with language we can know the behavior of language speakers. People can just draw conclusions by looking at someone's reaction to the stimulation he receives. The relationship between siatasi, the verbal context of the conversation can be learned and can the kiota summarize the conclusions of the meaning contained in the utterances.

C) Language as Interpersonal Behavior Language can be seen through communication situations in certain situations. When someone asks and the other person answers satisfactorily, the

communication is successful. Conversely, if someone rules then the other person is silent, that's a sign that communication is unsuccessful.

The reasons can be seen from: • speaker • interlocutors • situation