Makalah Text Eksplanasion.docx

CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY A. Background Explanation comes from a foreign language (English) which means the act of describing or explaining and testimony, statements or facts that explain. Definition of explanatory text is a text that contains the processes associated with natural phenomena, social, scientific, cultural, and others. In this chapter we will discuss the explanatory text in the natural phenomena related to natural disasters as well as the social phenomenon of society. The natural disaster is a natural event resulting in great impact for populas imanusia. Natural events may include floods, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides, blizzards, droughts, hail, heat waves, cyclones, tropical storms, typhoons, tornadoes, wildfires and disease Natural disasters can lead to a damaging impact on the economic, social and environmental. Damage to infrastructure can disrupt social activities, the impact in the social field includes death, injury, illness, loss of shelter and community chaos, while the environmental

damage

may

include

destruction

of

forests

that

protect

land

Social phenomenon is a condition in which people take everything that happened is an absolute truth. In fact, it is actually the truth is made apparent through the simulation of symbols, codes are imaged in such of a correct object. B. Problem Formulation 1. What is the meaning of the explanatory text? 2. What is the structure of explanation in the text? 3. How explanatory text linguistic characteristics? 4. What is the purpose of the explanatory text? 5. What steps compose the text of explanation? 6. What is the difference explanatory text with other text? 7. What are the types of explanatory text? 8. What examples and explanatory text?

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CHAPTER II DISCUSSION 1. Definition of explanatory text Text is the text that contains explanation about the 'why' and 'how' of events-it happened natural, social, scientific, cultural, and others may occur. Text explanation is an article that describes the process of something or the formation of a natural phenomenon or social events. Explanatory text is a text that contains the processes associated with natural phenomena, social, scientific, cultural, and others. In conclusion explanatory text is a text or an article that contains the "why" and "how" of a phenomenon can occur, either natural phenomena or social phenomena. 2. Structure of explanatory text Explanatory text structure is divided into three parts, namely: a.

General Statement (opening) Contains a general statement about a topic, which will be explained the process of its existence, the occurrence, the process of its existence, the occurrence, the process of formation, etc. Should be concise, interesting, and clear, which is able to arouse the reader's interest to read the details.

b. Clarifying series (contents) Filled with detailed explanation of the process of existence, the occurrence. Relative to answer the question 'how', the answer is in the form of a statement. Possible given the gradual process needs to be explained, first, second, third, etc. c.

Cover / Interpretation Contains conclusions or statements on topics / processes described.

3. Language Elements Many types of text use Present tense, Passive voice. The words first, then, finally are also often used to describe time relationships, especially those that explain how something happened. Whereas to explain cause-effect relationships are used if / then, so, as a consequence, since, especially for paragraphs that explain why something happened. The purpose of the Explanation text: describes the process of the occurrence or formation of something or natural or social phenomena. 4. The explanatory text Linguistic Characteristics Using language that is easily understood, used according to the rules Indonesian EYD  Focus on common things, not human patisipan 2

 Using scientific term  Using technical terminology  Using a noun phrase and adverbial  Using conjunctions time / klousal (if, if, so, etc.)  The language is concise, interesting, and clear  Using active verbs and the passive voice 5. Types of explanatory text a. According to the phenomenon 



Natural phenomena

An event that occurred around the nature of life, such as natural disasters. 



The social phenomena

An event that occurred in the community b. According to the dessert section There is a part of the cover: the cover portion at the end of the text. 



No part of the cover: there is no cover at the end of the text.

6. Example of explanatory text Example Explanation Text and Explanatory Notes earthquake image for a full description and examples along with explanation text

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Landslide

Landslide is a geological process that happen because of the movement of rock mass or soil such as the fall of rocks or clumps of soil which detached from the main section of the mountain or hill. Landslide usually happen in the mountainous areas. Mostly landslides happen because of earthquake that moves the underground plate which caused the element or the subsurface plate displaced, so it is causing fraction and landslide. High rainfall during the rainy season will also caused landslide. Long duration of the rain will occur the water evaporation on the ground surface in large amounts. The evaporation will make pore or soil cavity, then there would be cracks on the ground. When rain falls, the rain will infiltrate the cracks. Then, the water will accumulated at the bottom of the slope and caused lateral movement which occur landslide. Landslide often caused a lot of disadvantages. Landslide can make people lose their house, lands, and properties because buried by the landslide. The worst is the loss of life because they can’t run from the landslide. So, to prevent landslide to happen, start to care about our environtment. We can start by planting tree and do reforestation. Plus, do not throw trash carelessly to keep our environment clean. So, we would prevent flood and landslide during the rainy season. Tanah Longsor Tanah longsor adalah suatu proses geologi yang terjadi karena pergerakan massa bebatuan atau tanah seperti jatuhnya bebatuan atau segumpal tanah yang terpisah dari bagian utama pegunungan atau bukit. Tanah longsor biasanya terjadi di daerah pegunungan. Kebanyakan dari tanah longsor terjadi karena gempa bumi yang menggerakkan lempeng bawah tanah yang menyebabkan elemen atau lempeng permukaan bumi bergeser, sehingga menyebabkan keretakan dan tanah longsor. Tingginya curah hujan selama musim penghujan 4

juga dapat menimbulkan tanah longsor. Lamanya durasi hujan akan menimbulkan uap air di permukaan tanah dalam jumlah yang besar. Uap air ini akan memunculkan pori-pori atau rongga tanah, kemudian akan menimbulkan retakan pada tanah. Ketika hujan turun, hujan akan menyusup ke dalam retakan tersebut. Kemudian, air akan terakumulasi di dasar lereng dan menyebabkan pergerakan lateral yang akhirnya menyebabkan tanah longsor. Tanah longsor sering menimbulkan banyak kerugian. Tanah longsor dapat membuat orangorang kehilangan rumah, tanah, dan harta karena tertimbun tanah longsor. Yang paling parah adalah jatuhnya korban jiwa karena mereka tidak dapat menyelematkan diri dari tanah longsor. Jadi, untuk mencegah terjadinya tanah longsor, mulailah untuk peduli pada lingkungan. Kita dapat memulai dengan menanam pohon dan reboisasi hutan. Dirambah lagi, jangan membuang sampah sembarangan untuk menjaga lingkungan tetap bersih. Sehingga kita dapat mencegah banjir dan tanah longsor selama musim penghujan. Butterfly

Metamorphosis is a process of a caterpillar to become a new animal (perfect stage), in this case is a butterfly. The process happens quite simple but takes quite long time. First, starting from an egg laid by a butterfly on a leaf (usually leaf of orange tree or other tree), this leaf is aimed to be the food for the caterpillars until it reaches adulthood when the time comes to become pupa/cocoon and in some the day it will become a new butterfly. The egg that laid by a butterfly will hatch in 3-5 days. Then it becomes larva. The larva will walk to the edge of the leaf of host plant and start eating it. Most of the larva eat its empty egg shell as a first food. The outer skin of the larva does not stretch following its growth, but it become very tight when larva will change its skin. Larva change its skin (molting) for about 4-6 times during its life.

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When the larva reach the maximum growth, larva will stop eating, walking to seek the nearest shelter, clinging themselves to a branch or a leaf with woven yarn. The larva have entered the phase of pre-pupa and for the last time releasing the skin to form a pupa (cocoon). Pupa usually hard, smooth and in a form of a structure without any limb. Commonly pupa is green, brown or the color according to the surroundings (camouflage). The forming of a butterfly in the pupa usually takes 7-20 days depending on the species. Once it is out of the pupa, the butterfly will crawl to the top so that the wings that still weak, crumpled and slightly wet can hang down and inflate normally. Immediately after the wings are dry, inflate and strong, the wings will open and close several times and the butterfly will attempt to fly.

Kupu-kupu Metamorfosis adalah suatu proses dari seekor ulat untuk menjadi hewan yang baru (fase sempurna), pada kasus ini adalah kupu-kupu. Prosesnya terjadi secara sederhana namun membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama. Pertama, dimulai dari sebuah telur yang diletakkan oleh seekor kupu-kupu pada sebuah daun (biasanya daun pohon jeruk atau pohon yang lainnya), daun ini bertujuan sebagai makanan bagi ulat sampai ia menjadi dewasa ketika nanti saatnya datang untuk menjadi pupa/kepompong dan dalam beberapa hari akan menjadi kupukupu. Telur yang diletakkan oleh kupu-kupu akan menetas dalam 3-5 hari. Kemudian menjadi larva. Larva akan berjalan ke pinggiran daun tumbuhan inang dan mulai memakannya. Kebanyakan larva memakan cangkang telur kosong miliknya sebagai makanan pertama. Kulit terluar dari larva tidak meregang mengikuti pertumbuhannya, tapi kulitnya akan menjadi sangat ketat saat larva akan berganti kulit. Larva berganti kulit (molting) sebanyak 46 kali selama hidupnya. Ketika larva mencapai pertumbuhan maksimal, larva akan berhenti makan, berjalan untuk mencari tempat berlindung, melekatkan diri pada ranting atau daun dengan anyaman benang. Larva telah memasuki masa pre-pupa dan untuk terakhir kalinya ia berganti kulit untuk membentuk pupa (kepompong). Pupa biasanya keras, halus, dan dalam bentuk struktur tanpa

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bagian tubuh. Biasanya pupa berwarna hijau, coklat atau mengikuti warna sekitarnya. Pembentukan kupu-kupu di dalam pupa biasanya berlangsung selama 7-20 hari tergantung pada spesiesnya. Setelah keluar dari pupa, kupu-kupu akan merangkak ke atas sehingga sayapnya yang masih lemah, kusut dan sedikit basah dapat menggantung ke bawah dan mengembang secara normal. Segera setelah sayapnya kering, mengembang dan kuat, sayapnya akan mulai membuka dan menutup beberapa kali dan kupu-kupu akan mencoba untuk terbang.

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CHAPTER III COVER B. Conclusion Explanatory text is the text or article containing the "why" and "how" of a phenomenon can occur, either natural phenomena or social phenomena. Each text in Indonesian has a structure, purpose, characteristics and how to prepare different. Explanatory text text text almost similar to the others but after surgery we can see clearly the difference of each text.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY http://adibatur9a.blogspot.co.id/2016/01/makalah-bahasa-indonesia-teks.html https://www.tutorialbahasainggris.com/contoh-explanation-text-tentang-metamorfosis-kupukupu-bahasa-inggris.html

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FOREWORD

Alhamdulillah, all praise and gratitude for the presence of Allah SWT for all the abundance of His grace and grace so that the writer can complete the task of the English subject entitled "Procedure Text". Salutation with greetings to our Great Prophet Muhammad SAW that changed our mindset from the mindset of ignorance to the Islamic mindset as we feel today. On this occasion the author expressed his appreciation and profound thanks to: 1. Mr. Isnarli Yanto, S.Pd as a supervisor in the field of English studies as well as giving motivation and direction to the author. 2. And for your comrades in force from 2019/2020 who are not bored to give encouragement and encouragement to the author, the author says thousands of thanks for everything. Through this task we are expected to understand this paper. The paper that we made is of course still lacking, therefore we expect constructive suggestions and input for the perfection of this paper. Finally, we express our gratitude to all parties who have participated in the preparation of this paper from the beginning to the end. May Allah SWT always bless our efforts.

Labuhanhaji, March 11, 2019 Author

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

FOREWORD

i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1

A. Background

1

B. Problem Formulation

1

CHAPTER II DISCUSSION

2

1. Definition of explanatory text

2

2. Structure of explanatory text

2

3. Language ELements

2

4. The explanatory text linguistic characteristic

2

5. Types of expl;anatory text

3

6. Example of explanatory

4

CHAPTER III CONCLUSION

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A. Conclusion

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

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