Lote Files

Supine position Patient on back with face toward ceiling Legs uncrossed; arms at sides or on arm boards. Uses: –

Administration of general anesthesia

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Abdominal surgery

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Open heart surgery

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Surgery on face, neck, or mouth

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Most surgery on extremities

tTrendelenberg position In the Trendelenburg position the body is laid flat on the back (supine position) with the feet higher than the head, in contrast to the reverse Trendelenburg position, where the body is tilted in the opposite direction. This is a standard position used in abdominal and gynecological surgery. It allows better access to the pelvic organs as gravity pulls the intestines away from the pelvis. It was named after the German surgeon Friedrich Trendelenburg.[1]

Reverse trendelenberg position

Head raised and the foot lowered. Straight tilt in direction opposite to trendelenberg. supine position without flexing or extending, in which the head is higher than the feet. Use: to promote stomach emptying and prevent esophageal reflex in client with hiatal hernia.

Lateral position Patient begins in supine position. Rolled onto side - operative side up. Bottom leg flexed; top leg straight. Bottom arm on armboard, top arm on special arm support or pillow. Head supported in alignment with body Uses: –

Surgery of the chest or lungs.

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Surgery on the kidney.

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Hip surgery.

Prone position Patient begins in supine position, log-rolled onto abdomen after anesthetized. Arms at sides or on arm boards. Uses: –

Surgery on the back or spine.

Surgery on the back of the legs

Sims position Sims' position Etymology: James M. Sims, American gynecologist, 1813-1883

a position in which the patient lies on the side with the knee and thigh drawn upward toward the chest. The chest and abdomen are allowed to fall forward. Left Sims' is the position of choice for administering enemas or conducting rectal examinations. Also called semiprone side position.

Fowler position In medicine, the Fowler position is a standard patient position. It is used to relax tension of the abdominal muscles, allowing for improved breathing in immobile patients, and to increase comfort during eating and other activities. It is also used in postpartum women to improve uterine drainage. The patient is placed in a semi-upright sitting position (45-60 degrees) and may have knees either bent or straight. There are several types of Fowlers positions: Low, Semi-, and High Fowler's. High Fowler's position is when the patient's head is raised 80-90 degrees, whereas semi-Fowler's position is when the patient's head is elevated 30-45 degrees.

Lithotomy The lithotomy position affords physicians and surgeons with easy and helpful access to the perineal region, lower abdomen, and pelvis and is widely used in both surgery and examinations. Of all the medical uses, the lithotomy position, whose ancient roots come from the treatment of the painfully ill, has logically received the most scrutiny of late in association with childbirth, the only condition listed herein that is not an "illness". Patient begins in supine position. Legs lifted simultaneously into high or low stirrups. Arms usually on armboards. Uses: –

GYN surgery.

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GU surgery

Knee chest position Knee-chest position n. A prone position in which the individual rests on the knees and upper part of the chest, assumed for gynecologic or rectal examination. Also called genupectoral position.

Beach chair position Despite its low incidence, intraoperative stroke associated with shoulder surgery, particularly in healthy patients at no risk for stroke, is a totally unexpected and devastating complication. Patients in the beach chair position are at risk for an intraoperative stroke if borderline low BPs, as measured in the arm, are used without appreciating the effect on CPP and CBF. Because of the specific physiologic changes associated with the sitting position, great care should be applied when using and interpreting BP cuff measurements in the nonoperative arm or, even more so, if leg measurements of BP must be used. Blood pressure values <80% of preoperative resting values should be treated aggressively to enhance the margin of safety. Deliberate hypotension must be avoided. A thorough understanding of the physiologic changes associated with the upright position, and the physical effects of gravity on BP in the brain is crucial to prevent catastrophic neurologic outcome during shoulder surgery in the sitting position.

Kraske (jacknife) position Kraske position [kras′kə] Etymology: Paul Kraske, Swiss surgeon, 1851-1930 an anatomic position in which the patient is prone, with hips flexed and elevated, head and feet down. The position is used for renal surgery, as it enlarges the costovertebral angle, allowing the surgeon to have optimal access to the kidneys.

Medical and surgical nursing Surgical positions

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