Lesson 09
This document was uploaded by user and they confirmed that they have the permission to share it. If you are author or own the copyright of this book, please report to us by using this DMCA report form. Report DMCA
Overview
Download & View Lesson 09 as PDF for free.
More details
- Words: 462
- Pages: 19
Lesson 9 Lengua Ingelsa II
Pronouns What is a pronoun?
•
It is a word which takes the place (functions as) a noun (a person, place, thing or idea).
•
•
Subject of the Verb
•
Object of the Verb (Direct or Indirect)
•
Object of a Preposition
Pronouns •
For example: .... (see Lesson 8)
•
Personal pronouns: (I, me, you, he, him, etc.)
•
Possessive pronouns: (mine, yours, hers, etc.)
•
[possessive adjectives: (my, your, his, her, etc.)]
•
Reflexive pronouns: (myself, yourself, etc.)
•
•
Interrogative pronouns: (who, whom, what, etc.) Demonstrative pronouns: (this, that, theses, etc.)
Indefinite pronouns refer to nonspecific persons or things
Formation some / any / no / every + one / body / thing [see also indefinite adverbs]
Usage no vs. some vs. every
•
•
no = none
•
some / any = a few
•
every = all
Usage some vs. any
•
•
•
some is used in positive contexts whereas any is used in negative contexts some is used of specifics while any is used of nonspecifics
Relative pronouns introduces Noun or Adjective clauses
Important concepts pronouns: it functions as the noun functions (subject, object, possessive)
•
•
•
subject: who, which, that, what
•
object: whom, which, that, what
•
possessive: whose clause: a group of words with a subject and a verb (not verbal)
Distinctions: personal
who / whom that
nonpersonal
which
Types of relative clauses •
•
•
Sentential: which = the entire previous thought Nominal: what + clause functioning as the SUBJ. or OBJ. of the Main Clause Defining: [ADJ] modifies a specific noun in the sentence
Defining Relative Clause Defining: provides vital information for the identification of the referent
•
•
The person that lives next door to me .... Nondefining: provides parenthetical information about the referent
•
•
My father, who lives next door to me, is always ....
Omission The relative pronoun may be left implicit if it is the OBJECT of a defining relative clause.
•
•
Jim is a person [that] I can trust.
•
Jim is a person that trusts anyone.
Omission The relative pronoun and verb may be left implicit in clauses with predicate adjectives.
•
•
•
The boy [who was] injured in the last play limped to the sidelines. The injured boy limped to the sidelines.
Numerals Cardinals vs. Ordinals; misc. concerns
Numerals Ordinal numbers:
•
•
•
first, second, third
•
th Usage: dates, birthdays, anniversaries, buildings, fractions, etc.
Numerals
•
•
•
Note the difference: 1,000,000,000 (American billion; no such thing as “thousand million” in AE) 1,000,000,000,000 (“international” billion)
Numerals
•
one hundred –> two hundred (vs. hundreds)
•
one thousand –> two thousand (vs. thousands)
•
one million –> two million (vs. millions)
fin
Pronouns What is a pronoun?
•
It is a word which takes the place (functions as) a noun (a person, place, thing or idea).
•
•
Subject of the Verb
•
Object of the Verb (Direct or Indirect)
•
Object of a Preposition
Pronouns •
For example: .... (see Lesson 8)
•
Personal pronouns: (I, me, you, he, him, etc.)
•
Possessive pronouns: (mine, yours, hers, etc.)
•
[possessive adjectives: (my, your, his, her, etc.)]
•
Reflexive pronouns: (myself, yourself, etc.)
•
•
Interrogative pronouns: (who, whom, what, etc.) Demonstrative pronouns: (this, that, theses, etc.)
Indefinite pronouns refer to nonspecific persons or things
Formation some / any / no / every + one / body / thing [see also indefinite adverbs]
Usage no vs. some vs. every
•
•
no = none
•
some / any = a few
•
every = all
Usage some vs. any
•
•
•
some is used in positive contexts whereas any is used in negative contexts some is used of specifics while any is used of nonspecifics
Relative pronouns introduces Noun or Adjective clauses
Important concepts pronouns: it functions as the noun functions (subject, object, possessive)
•
•
•
subject: who, which, that, what
•
object: whom, which, that, what
•
possessive: whose clause: a group of words with a subject and a verb (not verbal)
Distinctions: personal
who / whom that
nonpersonal
which
Types of relative clauses •
•
•
Sentential: which = the entire previous thought Nominal: what + clause functioning as the SUBJ. or OBJ. of the Main Clause Defining: [ADJ] modifies a specific noun in the sentence
Defining Relative Clause Defining: provides vital information for the identification of the referent
•
•
The person that lives next door to me .... Nondefining: provides parenthetical information about the referent
•
•
My father, who lives next door to me, is always ....
Omission The relative pronoun may be left implicit if it is the OBJECT of a defining relative clause.
•
•
Jim is a person [that] I can trust.
•
Jim is a person that trusts anyone.
Omission The relative pronoun and verb may be left implicit in clauses with predicate adjectives.
•
•
•
The boy [who was] injured in the last play limped to the sidelines. The injured boy limped to the sidelines.
Numerals Cardinals vs. Ordinals; misc. concerns
Numerals Ordinal numbers:
•
•
•
first, second, third
•
th Usage: dates, birthdays, anniversaries, buildings, fractions, etc.
Numerals
•
•
•
Note the difference: 1,000,000,000 (American billion; no such thing as “thousand million” in AE) 1,000,000,000,000 (“international” billion)
Numerals
•
one hundred –> two hundred (vs. hundreds)
•
one thousand –> two thousand (vs. thousands)
•
one million –> two million (vs. millions)
fin
Related Documents
Lesson 09
May 2020 7
Lesson 09
May 2020 12
Lesson 09
November 2019 21
Spreadsheet Lesson 09
October 2019 13
Thajveed Lesson 09.pdf
May 2020 12
Lesson 09 Final
October 2019 15More Documents from ""
Lesson 09
November 2019 21
Translation Theory
November 2019 19
Lesson 13
November 2019 23
Comparisons
November 2019 33
Spanish Summary
November 2019 21