Lecture Ict 03

LECTURE 03

K-Society

LEE KUOK TIUNG [email protected]

Introductions  

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In recent years Malaysia has reengineered herself rapidly to meet the challenges of a new economy and k-society. Malaysia has placed a great emphasis on Information and Communication Technology (ICT) education and training, and particularly on the development of a knowledge or kbased economy and k-society. In an attempt to formulate policies and direction, the Malaysian Knowledge-based Economy Master Plan (Institute of Strategic & International Studies, 2002) has continuously suggested some directions and recommendations. In the wake of new technologies and k-based activities, there has arisen an enhanced need for learning approaches that will develop professional knowledge and skills in line with new approaches to knowledge creation and utilization.

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Efforts are being made to develop a knowledgeseeking culture among Malaysians in view of the rapid changes in technology and the increasing knowledge intensity of the economy. As the former Prime Minister of Malaysia, Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad (2002) had very perceptively pointed out: “Recognizing the critical need for knowledge as input, Malaysia has embarked on the transformation from the input-driven growth strategy that had served her well in the past to one that is increasingly driven by knowledge in order to achieve sustainable high growth and development.”

Continues ….  Agricultural

Revolutions  Industrial Revolutions  Communications (ICT) Revolutions  Mahathir

futuristic thinking – Malaysia should leapfrogging revolution??  Why we (Malaysia) need own R&D?

Continues …. (Discuss) 

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

As Malaysia gradually transits from a production-based to a knowledge-based economy, several questions related to the above transformation are commonly posed. For example: What is a k-based economy? Why do we need a k-based economy and k-society? Do we have k-workers and k-professionals in our economy? How do we plan, implement and evaluate k-based events in our economy and k-society? Are we aware of the critical success factors or strategies to achieve the objectives of the k-based programs? Are there any policies and directions to help us effectively implement the k-based projects?

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the National Information Technology Council (NITC) has formulated the National Information Technology Agenda (NITA) that addresses the need for guidelines for k-based activities. At a time of knowledge becoming increasingly relevant to social and economic development, governments worldwide aim at the creation of country-specific types of k-society, i.e. ‘information societies’, ‘knowledge societies’ or ‘knowledgebased economies’.

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k-societies are created by collective actors in society and are not – as often assumed – merely the result or logical consequence of the technological developments in the information and communication sector, the growth of the service industry and the high profit margin of knowledge intensive goods. The process of constructing k-societies can be divided into: (a) the development of the theoretical, categorically defined concepts of k-society; (b) the construction of a vision of self-emerging ksocieties; & (c) the creation of country-specific k-societies as stages of social and economic development.

Definitions 

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K-society is a theoretical concept created by academics and scientists. K-society is a vision that legitimizes and accelerates action towards its own realization. K-society is a stage of development in which knowledge forms the center for social, cultural, economic and technologic development. K-society is a new focal point of identity in the second modernity. And finally, k-society is a social construction of reality that will shape our future to come

Continues …. “A knowledge society is a society that is nutured by its diversity and its capacities“ (p.17) “Knowledge is a potent tool in the fight against poverty“ (p.20) UNESCO World report: Towards Knowledge Societies. Paris: UNESCO 2005

What is knowledge?  “Ultimately

all factual knowledge is derivable from experience” (Bertrand Russell).  Knowledge is defined “as a capacity for social action” (Stehr 1994:95)  Knowledge may be used or left unused.  K depends on social conditions and is related to social power (social capital)  K is information that changes something or someone (Drucker 1989:251)

Agenda    

What is knowledge? The Transition Hypothesis The Transition from Industrial to K-society Characteristics of the K-Society

DISCUSS Characteristics of Knowledge?  How to measure Knowledge ?  How can knowledge be transmitted?  Transaction: What do we know about the costs of transmitting knowledge?  Goods are normally succumbed to the law of diminishing returns. What about knowledge?

Continues ….(Discussion)  Knowledge

is more difficult to measure than the other factors.  Once it has been produced it can easily be reproduced or copied and transaction costs are low.  Whereas other goods are succumbed to the law of diminishing returns, knowledge experiences rising marginal utility  Software pirating, knowledge poaching and industrial espionage are part of the knowledge society

Knowledge Societies 1  Higher

average standard of education and a growing proportion of its labor force are employed as knowledge workers  Its industry produces products with integrated artificial intelligence  Its organizations are transformed into intelligent organizations

Knowledge Societies 2  There

is increased organized knowledge in the form of digitalized expertise  There are multiple centers of expertise and a polycentric production of knowledge  There is a distinct epistemic culture of knowledge production and knowledge utilization

Educations

Educations

Information's

Information's

Social Interactions

Social Interactions

Entertainments

Entertainments

Summary  In

a k-based economy and k-society, human capacity building is a pertinent area of concern.  What are the learning approaches that will facilitate and enhance the development of kworkers’ and k-professionals’ ability as community members in the acquisition of ktransformation? (This is an important area of investigation)