Kidney Biopsy Abstract.docx

VARIOUS KIDNEY DISEASE WITH REFERENCE TO STAINING TECHNIQUES Dr. Kaushalendra K Pandey, Kaveri Shukla University Institute of Health sciences – CSJM University Renal diseases of different origin and nature may produce essentially similar disturbances of renal functions and may have clinical similarities and hence there was a need to classify renal diseases more scientifically. The basic approach was to correlate clinical symptoms with biochemical changes in blood and urine along with histological changes in the tissue through simple and special staining techniques for a definitive diagnosis. The renal biopsy subjected to light microscopy, immunofluorescence and electron microscopic studies, remained the main stay for rational approach to diagnosis, management and assessment of prognosis. General and systemic examinations were performed. Laboratory investigations such as TLC, DLC, Renal function test etc. Urine sample was tested for gravity, proteins, albumin, etc. Urine culture was performed to correlate with the biopsy reports. The gross examination of biopsy was done to determine the overall length, color, and consistency of the tissue specimen. Areas of infarction, necrosis or pyogenic inflammation was pale with hyperemic border. After fixation the tissue was dehydrated and embedded in paraffin wax. Slides were stained separately by stains like H &E, PAS, PAMS. Additional stains such as Congo red, Methyl violet, Crystal violet and thioflavin T were used to demonstrate amyloid. Light microscopic evaluation of renal biopsies using special staining techniques has helped much to understand the histological diagnosis of kidney diseases as renal disturbances of different pathogenesis may end in similar morphological stages which are not easy to differentiate. Accurate diagnosis is essential for prognostication and as a guide to appropriate therapy.