Khaled Alshorafa Ib Vaccination Prorame

‫) ) في الدواجن‬IB ‫تقرير لبرنامج التطعيم ضد ال‬ ‫والسللت المسببه للمرض والسللت المستخدمه في التطيعم‬ ‫ خالد إبراهيم احمد الشرفا‬: ‫السم‬ ‫فلسطيني‬:‫الجنسيه‬ ‫ نابلس – بيتا‬:‫المدينه‬ ‫كليه الطب البيطري جامعة النجاح الوطنية‬ Name : khaled Ibrahim AL-shorafa Palestinian young From nablus city-baita College of veterinary medicine AL- najah national university Infectious bronchitis vaccination programe ))IB

Email address: [email protected]

Infectious Bronchitis vaccination program IB(( IB( it is an important disease in poultry production . it cause( large economic losses in Broilers , Layers and breeders .these . disease affect respiratory system , kidneys, and oviduct

Aim of vaccination against Infectious Bronchitis It is important to establish the purpose of vaccination.

Broilers - Vaccination is focused on reducing the economic losses caused by IB infections as these are reflected in weight loss and general poor performance of the flock.

Layers and breeders - The aim of vaccination is to protect the oviduct as IB infections may result in false layers, drops in production and changes in the internal and external quality of the eggs. In this context vaccination of young chickens is often done at an early age (first day(s( of life(, and especially in broilers focusing on inducing enough protection so as to cover the whole fattening period. In layers and breeders the programs are focused in protecting the oviduct during the first weeks of life with modified live vaccines. Later on during the production period immunity needs to be broad and long lasting, and inactivated vaccines are often used.

: Etiologic agent the Disease caused by virus belong to coronavirus super family, (IB( virus is antigenically distinct from other :coronaviruses , the virus had eight classical types .Massachusetts -1 .Connecticute -2 .Georgea -3

.Delware -4 .Iowa 97 -5 .Iowa 609 -6 .New Hampshire -7 .(Australian(T-strain -8 These serotypes participate in one specific antigen which we can detect by using; agar gel precipitation (AGP(test, serum .(neutralizing test(SN(,and (ALLISA Every type of these types give Homologus Protection , if there infection or vaccination for one type it give complete immunity for the same type only, and if there an infection or vaccination of one type these don’t give complete immunity for .other types and it consist of Variant Types which is cause different symptoms, it don’t give certain disease. -1D 207 -2D 3896 3-D 3128 4-D 212 . - 5 D-274

Vaccines: No general vaccination rule can be applied. Each vaccination program must be adapted to the demands of the field situation.Some considerations have to be taken into account when applying IB vaccines: I-(IB( strains variant, so there no ideal strain for vaccination against (IB(, the most proper vaccine used should be isolated from same Geographic area (autogenously(, there some strains give broad protection against (IB( but not complete protection.

II-At what age protection against Infectious Bronchitis (IB( is most needed.

III-The field situation .

VI-Interference viruses present will determine which vaccines (protectotype( to choose with other (live( vaccinations must be avoided (IB vaccine viruses can interfere with for example Newcastle disease vaccine viruses(.

V-Geographic area .

Used Vaccines: I- live vaccines: it given in drinking water, aerosol , drops in nostril or eye. The live vaccine include the following: )H120( attenuated Massachusetts live vaccine is attenuated by serial passage the strain in emroynated eggs 120 time, the (H120( vaccine give good immunity but to short time :and so we revaccinate with other dose after 6-8 weeks from the first dose these dose we use (H52( Massachusetts live vaacines is attenuated by serial passage the with emroynated eggs 52 time, so (H52( more virulence than the (H120( . (H52( use only in the second dose after using (H120( in the first dose. The serial passage of vaccine in embryonated eggs is procedure used in production of live attenuated vaccines , these serial passage reduce pathogenicity but also increase immunogenicity. Other type of live vaccine Connecticut3 serotype ;it attenuated serotype has the same effect like (H120(, but Connecticut3 don’t give wide range of protection like Massachusetts serotypes .witch give wide range of protection for other (IB( virus strains The fourth type of vaccines is K-vaccine, witch consist of tow types,K50,K100,these it consist from three strains 101+L535+0728, it use in livestock that infected with these strains(autogenously( , it give protection for D-274 variant strain and other variantstrianes, we vaccinate with these vaccine in 10 weeks ,there some companies produce these vaccine mixed with .H120

II- inactivated vaccines : it produced by the most of .companies in world .oily vaccines, using Massachusetts serotype -1 there is accompanies produce Massachusetts serotype mixed -2 . with other variant serotypes there some Companies produce the vaccines for (IB( -3 separated, and sometimes add the vaccine for other dead .Newcastle disease and(IBD( to be one dual-purpose or three

Vaccination programs in layers , broilers breeders , -:and broilers I- vaccination in broilers breeders: the aim of vaccination against IB in breeders to protect their oviducts and give high .titer of maternal antibodies to their progeny In the first day the vaccination with H120 live vaccine by .aerosol , or in 3 to 4 weeks by aerosol or drinking water After the first dose that inactivated vaccine is given .intramuscularly twice in 8-16 weeks II- vaccination in broilers: the vaccination with H120 is enough after hatching or in 2 – 3 weeks of age . but farms with high distribution of disease the vaccination twice in first day and . after 3 weeks III- vaccination in layers : three doses of the vaccine is used, that give good immunity before start in egg production to .prevent drop in egg production The first dose in first day with H120 by aerosol or in 3-4 weeks . by aerosol or in drinking water . The second dose in 8-12 weeks with H120 or H52 The third dose 14 -18 weeks by using inactivated vaccine giving .intramuscularly

:PRECAUTIONS Vaccinate only healthy chickens. Although disease may not be evident, coccidiosis, mycoplasma infection, infectious bursal disease, Marek’s disease and other disease conditions may cause complications or reduce .immunity All susceptible chickens on the same farme should be .vaccinated at the same time Efforts should be taken to reduce stress conditions at the .time of vaccination and during the reaction period

DVM: khaled ibrahim hammad AL-shorafa