Jis A Grammar - To

JIS-A: Grammar: to*

名前: ________________________________________

Particle と** can be used to indicate mutual involvement in an action. In English, we often convey this idea with “with”. Examples: げつようび

例:

あそ

月曜日にスコットさんと遊びました。 ともだち

I played with Scott on Monday.

べんきょう

I’m going to study with a friend.

友達と 勉 強 するんです。

However, there are some circumstances where と is used in Japanese that “with” isn’t used in English. Examples: おな

例:

That is the same as this.

それはこれと同じです。 ちが

That is different than this.

それはこれと違います。 けっこん

２００５年にジョンさんと結婚しました。

She married John in 2008.

Another use of particle と is to indicate that something applies to two nouns. We use “and” to convey this idea in English. Examples: たなか

例:

むらかみ

き

田中さんと村上さんが来ます。 ぴ

ざ

Tanaka and Murakami came.

た

おすしとピザを食べました。

I ate pizza and sushi.

NOTE: Using と for “and” in English only works with nouns. For verbs, we use the -て form. 次の文章を、日本語で書きなさい: 1. Who got married to John? (speaking to an acquaintence) _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Today I ate Tempura and played Tennis with Kate. (speaking to a friend) (「-て」を使いなさい) _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. I’m speaking to John right now, so I’ll do it tomorrow. (speaking to a friend) (「から」を使いなさい) _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. So, you’re going to study with John, and then watch a movie with Ryan, and then go to the Zoo with Brian? (「-て、んです」を使いなさい) _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 5a. Who’s coming on Wednesday? (「んです」を使いなさい) (speaking to a co-worker) _______________________________________________________________________________ 5b. I think Jessica and Emily are coming. Is there something going on? (lit. is there something) (「と思う、んです」を使いなさい)

_______________________________________________________________________________ *Mistakes related to sentence endings and particles に, で, は, が, and を **Particle と has many functions. We will cover others later.

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