Importance Of Names Of Shiva

  • May 2020
  • PDF

This document was uploaded by user and they confirmed that they have the permission to share it. If you are author or own the copyright of this book, please report to us by using this DMCA report form. Report DMCA


Overview

Download & View Importance Of Names Of Shiva as PDF for free.

More details

  • Words: 6,446
  • Pages: 20
f'ko&uke dh efgek f'koiqjk.k&ok;oh;lafgrk(m- [k- v- 10@68&70) esa lxq.kksiklukds vkB Hksn crk;s x;s gSaA ;Fkk&HkDrksa esa çhfr] iwtk dk vuqeksnu] Lo;a vpkZ djuk] çHkq ds fufeÙk vÄ~xksa dh ps"Vk djuk] dFkk&Jo.k esa HkfDr] Loj] us=k vkSj vÄ~xksa dh fofØ;k] Hkxoku~ dk fuR; Lej.k vkSj mudk gh vkJ;A bl çdkj ds fpÉ ftlesa gksa ogh loZJs"B gS] pkgs og EysPN gh D;ksa u gks& en~HkDrtuokRlY;a iwtk;kÛÓkuqeksnue~A Lo;eI;pZuÛÓSo enFk± pkÄ~xpsf"Vre~AA eRdFkkJo.ks HkfDr% Lojus=kkÄ~xfofØ;k%A eekuq L ej.ka fuR;a ;ÛÓ ekeq i thofrAA ,oe"Vfo/a fpÉa ;fLeu~ EysPNs¿fi orZrsAA ;|fi Jo.k] dhrZu] Lej.k] iknlsou] vpZu] oUnu] nkL;] l[; vkSj vkRefuosnu (HkfDr ds ukS vax ftudk fu:i.k f'koiqjk.k&#ælafgrk&lrh[k.M 23@22 esa gqvk gS) lHkh leku:i ls Qyçn gSa] rFkkfi buesa Lej.k fo'ks"k:i ls mYys[kuh; gSA fujUrj ukeLej.k ls euq";dk vUr%dj.k 'kq¼ gksdj 'kh?kz gh viuk vHkh"V Qy çkIr dj ysrk gSA leLr iq.;ksa] Js; ds lEiw.kZ lk/uksa vkSj leLr ;Kksa esa ti;K dks gh loksZÙke ekuk x;k gSA losZ"kkefi iq.;kuka losZ"kka Js;lkefiA losZ"kkefi ;Kkuka ti;K% ij% Le`r%AA (LdUniq- czã[k.M&czkãksÙkj[k.M 1@7)1

Jhen~Hkkxor egkiqjk.k esa dgk x;k gS fd pksj] 'kjkch] fe=kæksgh] czã?kkrh] xq#iRuhxkeh] ,sls yksxksa dk lalxhZ_ L=kh] jktk] firk vkSj xk; dks ekjusokyk] pkgs tSlk vkSj pkgs ftruk cM+k ikih gks] lHkh ds fy;s ;gh&bruk gh lcls cM+k çk;f'pÙk gS fd Hkxoku~ ds ukeksa dk mPpkj.k2 fd;k tk;_ D;ksafd HkxoUukeksa ds mPpkj.k ls euq"; dh cqf¼ Hkxoku~ ds xq.k] yhyk vkSj Lo:i esa je tkrh gS vkSj Lo;a Hkxoku~ dh mlds çfr vkReh; cqf¼ gks tkrh gSA cM+s&cM+s czãoknh Íf"k;ksa us ikiksa ds cgqr ls çk;f'pÙk&ÑPNª] pkUæk;.k vkfn ozr cryk;s gaS_ ijUrq mu çk;f'pÙkksa ls ikih dh oSlh tM+ ls 'kqf¼ ugha gksrh] tSlh Hkxoku~ ds ukeksa dk] muls xqfEQr 1- ;g iqjk.k ukx ifCy'klZ fnYyh }kjk 1982 esa çdkf'kr gSA 2- bl çlax esa ^uke&O;kgj.k* dk vFkZ ukeksPpkj.kek=k gh gSA

bZ'kku% loZnsokuke~ inksa dk1 mPpkj.k djus ls gksrh gSA D;kssafd os uke ifo=kdhfrZ Hkxoku~ ds xq.kksa dk Kku djkusokys gSaA Lrsu% lqjkiks fe=k/qzx czãgk xq#rYix%A L=khjktfir`xksgUrk ;s p ikrfduks¿ijsAA losZ"kkeI;?korkfeneso lqfu"Ñre~A ukeO;kgj.ka fo".kks;ZrLrf}"k;k efr%AA u fu"ÑrS#fnrSczZãokfnfHkLrFkk fo'kq¼~;R;?koku~ ozrkfnfHk%AA ;Fkk gjsukZZeinS#nkârSLrnqÙke'yksdxq.kksiyEHkde~AA (Jhen~Hkkxor 6@2@9&11)

ogha ij vkxs dgk x;k gS fd tSls tku ;k vutku esa b±/u ls vfXu dk Li'kZ gks tk; rks og HkLe gks gh tkrk gS] oSls gh tkucw>dj ;k vutku esa Hkxoku~ ds ukeksa dk ladhrZu djus ls euq"; ds lkjs iki HkLe gks tkrs gSaA tSls dksbZ ije 'kfDr'kkyh ve`r dks mldk xq.k u tkudj vutku esa ih ys rks Hkh og vo'; gh ihusokys dks vej cuk nsrk gS] oSls gh vutku esa mPpkj.k djus ij Hkh Hkxoku~ dk uke2 viuk Qy nsdj gh jgrk gS(D;ksafd oLrq dh LokfHkd 'kfDr fo'okl ;k J¼k dh vis{kk ugha djrh)A vKkuknFkok KkuknqÙke'yksduke ;r~A laÄ~dhfrZre?ka iqalks nsgsns/ks ;Fkkuy%AA 1^ukeinS%* dgus dk vfHkçk; ;g gS fd Hkxoku~ dk dsoy uke ^gfj&gfj*] ^f'ko&f'ko*] ^gj&gj*] vkfn vUr%dj.k dh 'kqf¼ ds fy;s&ikiksa dh fuo`fÙk ds fy;s i;kZIr gSA ¶ue% uekfe¸ bR;kfn fØ;k tksM+us dh Hkh dksbZ vko';drk ugha gSA uke ds lkFk cgqopu dk ç;ksx&Hkxoku~ ds uke cgqr&ls gSa] fdlh dk Hkh ladhrZu dj ys] bl vfHkçk; ls gSA ,d O;fDr lHkh ukeksa dk mPpkj.k djs] bl vfHkçk; ls ugha gSA D;ksafd Hkxoku~ ds uke vuUr gaS_ lc ukeksa dk mPpkj.k laHko ugha gSA rkRi;Z ;g gS fd Hkxoku~ ds ,d uke dk mPpkj.k djusek=k ls lc ikiksa fd fuo`fÙk gks tkrh gSA iw.kZ fo'okl u gksus rFkk ukeksPpkj.k ds i'pkr~ Hkh iki djus ds dkj.k gh mldk vuqHko ugha gksrkA ukeksPpkj.k ds ckn vxj iki u fd;k tk; rks eqfDr gks tkrh gSA blhfy;s dgk tkrk gS fd ejrs le; Hkxoku~ dk uke ysdj vtkfey vkfn eqDr gks x;sA dkj.k ;g gS fd ukeksPpkj.k ds ckn thou 'ks"k u jgus ls iqu% iki dh laHkkouk ugha jgrhA thou dk vUr dc gksxk ;g dksbZ ugha tkurkA blfy;s Hkxoku~ ds ukeksa dk lrr ti djrs jguk pkfg;sA 2oLrq dh LokHkkfod 'kfDr bl ckr dh çrh{kk ugha djrh fd ;g eq>ij J¼k j[krk gS fd ugha tSls vfXu ;k ve`rA blh çdkj Hkxoku~ dk uke viuh LokHkkfod 'kfDr] ikiuk'kdh 'kfDr] ds fy;s fdlh ds fo'okl ;k vfo'okl dh vis{kk ugha j[krkA 686

f'ko&uke dh efgek ;Fkkxna oh;Zreeqi;qÙkÚa ;n`PN;kA vtkurks¿I;kRexq.ka dq;kZUeU=kks¿I;qâr%AA (Jhen~Hkkxoregkiwjk.k 6@2@18&19)

iqu% dgk x;k gS fd tks yksx bl lalkjcU/u ls eqDr gksuk pkgrs gSa] muds fy;s vius pj.kksa ds Li'kZ ls rhFkks± dks Hkh rhFkZ cukusokys Hkxoku~ ds uke ls c<+dj vkSj dksbZ lk/u ugha gS_ D;ksafd uke dk vkJ; ysus ls euq"; dk eu fQj deZ ds ipM+ksa esa ugha iM+rkA HkxoUuke ds vfrfjDr vkSj fdlh çk;f'pÙk dk vkJ; ysusij eu jtksxq.k vkSj reksxq.k ls xzLr gh jgrk gS rFkk ikiksa dk iwjk&iwjk uk'k Hkh ugha gksrk gSA ukr% ija deZfucU/ÑUrua eqeq{krkaa rhFkZinkuqdhrZukr~A u ;Riqu% deZlq lTtrs euks jtLreksH;ka dfyya rrks¿U;FkkAA (Jhen~Hkkxoregkiqjk.k 6@2@46)

iÁiqjk.k esa dgk x;k gS fd uke&dhrZu esa ifjJe rks FkksM+k gksrk gS fdUrq Qy Hkkjh ls Hkkjh çkIr gksrk gS&;g ns[kdj tks yksx bldh efgek ds fo"k; esa rdZ mifLFkr djrs gSa] os vusdksa ckj ujd esa iM+rs gSaA v=k ;s foonUrs oS vk;kly?kqn'kZukr~AA Qykuka xkSjokPpkfi rs ;kfUr ujda cgqA (iÁiqjk.k&LoxZ[k.M&50@26&27)1 ogha ij vkxs dgk x;k gS fd&vgks! lalkj ds yksx HkkX;nks"k ls vR;Ur ofÛÓr gks jgs gSa] D;ksafd os ukeksPpkj.kek=k ls eqfDr nsusokys Hkxoku~ dk Hktu ugha djrsA vgks yksdk vfrrjka nSonks"ks.k ofÛÓrkA ukeksPpkj.k ek=ks.k eqfDrna u HktfUr oSAA (iÁiqjk.k&LoxZ[k.M&50@32) oS'kk[k ekgkRE; ds çlÄ~x esa jktk eghjFk dh dFkk esa eghjFk dks mlds eU=kh us tks mins'k fn;k gS mlesa ,d txg dgk x;k gS fd&ykSfdd /eZ] fe=k] HkkbZ&cU/q] gkFk&iSjksa dk pykuk] ns'kkUrj esa tkuk] 'kjhj ds Dys'k mBkuk rFkk rhFkZ ds fy;s ;Ru djuk vkfn dksbZ Hkh ijein dh çkfIr esa lgk;rk ugha dj ldrs_ dsoy ijekRek esa eu yxkdj mudk uke&ti djus ls ml in dh çkfIr gksrh gSA(ikrky[k.M&v- 95 laf{kIr iÁiq-] xhrkçsl] i`- 601) ukjnth ls czãkth dgrs gaS fd esjk dFku lR; gS fd Hkxoku~ ds ukeksa dk mPPkkj.k djusek=k ls euq"; cM+s ls cM+s ikiksa ls eqDr gks tkrk gSA ukedhrZuek=k ls dq#{ks=k] dk'kh] x;k vkSj }kjdk vkfn lEiw.kZ rhFkks± ds lsou dk Qy çkIr gks tkrk gSA 1- ;g iqjk.k ukx ifCy'klZ fnYyh }kjk 1984 esa çdkf'kr gSA 687

bZ'kku% loZnsokuke~ lR;a lR;a iqu% lR;a Hkkf"kra ee lqozrA ukeksPpkj.kek=ks.k egkikikRçeqP;rsAA dq#{ks=ka rFkk dk'kh x;k oS }kjdk rFkkA lo± rhFk± Ñra rsu ukeksPpkj.kek=kr%AA (mÙkj[k.M&72@20 o 22 laf{kIr iÁiq-] xhrkçsl] i`- 692)

euq"; dke] Øks/] Hk;] }s"k] yksHk] nEHk ls vFkok ftl fdlh çdkj ls Hkh ;fn Hkxoku~ dk Hktu djs rks mls nq%[k ugha Hkksxuk iM+rkA (iÁiqjk.k&ikrky[k.M&19@13) Øks/kRdkekn~Hk;kn~}"s kkYyksHkkn~nHa kkUuj% iqu%A ;FkkdFkafpf}HktUu lnq%[ka le'uqrsAA ;ksa rks Hkxoku~ ds vusd uke gSa] fdarq Hkxoku~ f'ko Lo;a dgrs gSa&¶gs ojkuus! esjk ^f'ko* ;g uke mÙkeksÙke gS] ogh ijczã gSA ^f'ko* ;g uke eq> czã dh vfHkO;fDr gSA f'ko&uke ls ;FkkFkZ esa eq>s gh le>ksA tks osnkUr ls çfrikfnr vO;Dr ijczã gS] }Ô{kj ^f'ko* Hkh ogh gSA nks v{kjksa dk ;g ^f'ko* uke ijczãLo:i ,oa rkjd gS] blls fHkUu dksbZ rkjd ugha gS¸& f'ko bR;fLr ;Âke rf¼ ukeksÙkeksÙkee~ A rnso ijea czã rnso fg ojkuus AA f'koukeLo:is.k O;Dra czãkgeso fg A f'koukekgesosfr fotkuhfg ;FkkFkZr% AA ;nO;Dra ija czã osnkUrçfrikfnre~ A rnsosna fotkuhfg f'ko bR;{kj};e~ AA rkjda czã ijea f'ko bR;{kj};e~ A uSrLeknija fdfÛÓr~ rkjda czã loZFkk AA (f'kojgL;&lIreka'k] v- 23] dY;k.k] f'kokad] xhrkizsl] i`- 359 ls mn~/`r)

Hkxoku~ dk uke pyrs&fQjrs] fnu&jkr] mBrs&cSBrs] tSls gks oSls gh tiuk pkfg;s] blesa dksbZ ck/k ugha gSA fQj Hkh ;fn fu;e&la;e ,oa ifo=krk ls ti fd;k tk; rks fo'ks"k Qynk;h gksrk gSA v'kqfpokZ 'kqfpokZfi loZdkys"kq loZnk A ukelaLej.kknso lalkjkUeqP;rs {k.kkr~ AA (iÁiqjk.k] ikrky[k.M&80@8) vFkkZr~&^tks euq"; ifo=krk vFkok vifo=krk dk fopkj u dj lnk&loZnk uke&Lej.k esa jr jgrk gS] og cgqr 'kh?kz lalkj(vokxeu) ls eqDr gks tkrk gSA* 688

f'ko&uke dh efgek lkSjiqjk.k esa thou dh {k.kHkaxqjrk dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, dgk x;k gS& fudVk ,o n`';Urs ÑrkUruxjæqek%A f'koa Lej f'koa è;k; f'koa fpUr; loZnkAA (lkSjiqjk.k] v- 47@34) HkkokFkZ ;g gS fd vjs ew[kZ! ;eiqjh dh o`{kkoyh fudV gh fn[kyk;h nsrh gS] blfy;s f'ko dk Lej.k dj] f'ko dk gh è;ku dj vkSj f'ko dk gh loZdky esa Lej.k djA f'ko/eZiqjk.k esa dgk x;k gS fd& xPNafLR"Bu~ Loi×tkxznqfUe"kfÂfe"kÂfiA 'kqfpokZI;'kqfpokZfi f'koa loZ=k fpUr;sr~AA (f'ko/eZiqjk.k] v- 11] f'kokad i`- 359 ls mn~/`r)

HkkokFkZ ;g gS fd pyrs&fQjrs] lksrs&tkxrs] mBrs&cSBrs rFkk vk¡[k [kksys gq, vkSj e¡wns gq,] ifo=krk esa vFkok vifo=krk esa loZ=k f'ko dk gh fpUru djuk pkfg;sA f'koxhrk esa Hkh dgk x;k gS fd pyrs&cSBrs esa Hkh tks mudk(f'ko dk) Lej.k djrk gS] mldks os vfHk"V Qy nsrs gSaA xPNUleqifo"Vks ok rL;kHkh"Va ç;PNfrA ------------------------------------------------------------------------(f'koxhrk&1@27) 'kkL=kksa esa uke&ti dk tks Qy dgk x;k gS og ckj&ckj cgqr fnuksard uketi djus ls Hkh ugha feyrk] bldk dkj.k egkRekvksa us nl çdkj ds ukekijk/ crk;s gSa ftls O;fDr tku ;k vutku esa djrk jgrk gSA fuEu nl ukekijk/ksa ls cpdj uketi djus ls vfr'kh?kz Qy gksrk gSA xqjksjoKkaa lk/wuka fuUnka Hksna gjkS gjsA osnfuUnka gjsukZecykr~ ikilehgue~AA vFkZokna gjsukZfEu ik"k.Ma ukelaxzgsA vyls ukfLrds pSo gfjukeksins'kue~~AA ukefoLej.ka pkfi uke~U;uknjeso pA laR;tsn~ nwjrks oRl nks"kkusrku~ lqqnk#.kku~AA (ukjniq- iwoZHkkx 82@22&24) xq# dh voKk] lk/qvksa dh fuUnk] gfj(Hkxoku~ fo".kq) ,oa gj(Hkxoku~ f'ko) esa Hksn cqf¼] osn dh fuUnk] Hkxoku~ ds uke ds cyij ikikpj.k] Hkxoku~ ds ukeksa esa vFkZokn&cqf¼] uke&xzg.k esa ik[k.Mh] vkylh vkSj ukfLrdksa dks HkxoUuke dk mins'k] uke dk foLej.k vkSj uke esa vuknj] bu Hk;kud nks"kksa dks nwj ls gh R;kx nsuk pkfg;sA ;fn çekno'k bu nlksa esa ls dksbZ&lk Hkh vijk/ gks tk; rks mlls NwVdj 'kq¼ gksus 689

bZ'kku% loZnsokuke~ dk mik; Hkh iqu% ukedhrZu gh gSA Hkwy ds fy, i'pkÙkki djrs gq, çHkquke&dhrZu ls ukekijk/ NwV tkrk gS& ukekijk/;qDrkuka ukekU;so gju~R;?ke~A vfoJkfUrç;qDrkfu rkU;sokFkZ djkf.k ;r~AA (iÁiqjk.k@czã[k.M 25@23) fujUrj ukedhrZu ls lHkh euksjFk fl¼ gks tkrs gSa&vFkZ] /eZ] dke ,oa eks{k pkjksa inkFkks± dh flf¼ vuk;kl gks tkrh gSA Hkxoku~ f'ko ds uke dk ekgkRE; vusd 'kkL=kksa esa Hkjs iM+s gSa&pkgs os oS".ko gksa ;k 'kSoA ;FkkFkZ esa rks uke dk ekgkRE; u rks 'kkL=k vkSj u gh Íf"k&eqfu vkSj u rks nsork gh dg ldrs gSaA czãoSorZiqjk.k(tks oS".koksa dk ,d çeq[k iqjk.k gS) esa Hkxoku~ JhÑ".k us f'kofyax ds LFkkiu vkSj iwtu dk egku~ Qy crkrs gq, dgk gS&tks ^egknso*] ^egknso* vkSj ^egknso* dk mPpkj.k djrk gS] mlds ihNs eSa ml uke&Jo.k ds yksHk ls vR;Ur Hk;Hkhr dh Hkk¡fr(vFkkZr~ pqids&pqids) tkrk gw¡A tks euq"; ^f'ko* 'kCn dk mPpkj.k djds çk.kksa dk ifjR;kx djrk gS] og dksfV tUeksa ds mikftZr iki ls eqDr gks eks{k çkIr dj ysrk gSA ^f'ko* 'kCn dY;k.k okpd gS vkSj ^dY;k.k* 'kCn eqfDr dkA f'ko ds mPpkj.k ls eks{k ;k dY;k.k dh çkfIr gksrh gS] blfy;s egknsoth dks f'ko dgk x;k gSA egknso egknso egksnosfr okfnu%AA i'pk|kfe egk=kLrks ukeJo.kyksHkr%A f'kosfr eU=keqPpk;Z çk.kkaLR;tfr ;ks uj%AA dksfVtUekftZrkr~ ikikUeqDrks eqfDra ç;kfr l%A f'koa dY;k.kopua dY;k.ka eqfDrokfpde~AA ;rLrr~ çHkosÙksu l f'ko% ifjdhfrZr%A (czãoSorZiqjk.k&czã[k.M@6@48&51)

ogha ij vkxs dgk x;k gS fd /u vkSj HkkbZ&cU/qvksa dk fo;ksx gksusij tks 'kksd&lkxj esa Mwc x;k gks] og euq"; f'ko 'kCn dk mPpkj.k djds loZFkk dY;k.k dk Hkkxh gksrk gSA ^f'k* ikiuk'kd vFkZ esa gS vkSj ^o* eks{knk;d vFkZ esaA egknsoth euq";ksa ds ikigUrk vkSj eks{knkrk gaSA blfy;s mUgas f'ko dgk x;k gSA ftldh ok.kh esa ^f'ko*&;g eaxye; uke fo|eku gS] mlds djksM+ksa tUeksa dk iki fu'p; gh u"V gks tkrk gSA foPNsns /ucU/wuka fueXu% 'kksdlkxjsAA f'kosfr 'kCneqPpk;~;Z yHksr~ loZf'koauj%A iki?us orZrs f'k'p o'p eqfDrizns rFkkAA 690

f'ko&uke dh efgek iki?uks eks{knks u~½.kka f'koLrsu izdhfÙkZr%A f'kosfr p f'koauke ;L; okfp izoÙkZrsAA dksfVtUekftZra ikia rL; u';fr fuf'pre~A (czãoSorZiqjk.k&czã[k.M 6@51&54)

LdUniqjk.k ds ekgs'oj[k.M ds vUrxZr dsnkj[k.M esa dgk x;k gS fd&ftudh ftàk ds vxz H kkx ij lnk Hkxoku~ 'ka d j dk nks v{kjks a o kyk uke(f'ko) fojkteku jgrk gS os /U; gSa] os egkRek iq#"k gaS rFkk os gh ÑrÑR; gSaA vkt Hkh ftUgksaus ^f'ko* bl vfouk'kh uke dk mPpkj.k fd;k gS] os fu'p; gh euq";:i esa #æ gSa_ blesa la'k; ugha gSA rs/U;kLrs egkReku% ÑrÑR;kLrFkSo pAA }~;{kja uke ;s"kka p ftàkxzs lafLFkra lnkA f'ko bR;{kja uke ;S#nhfjre| oSAA rs oS euq";:is.k #æk% L;qukZ=k la'k;%A (Ldaniq-&ekgs-&dsnk-&vè;k; 27@21&22 )

f'koiqjk.k dh fo|s'oj lafgrk esa dgk x;k gS fd&tks f'kouke:ih ukSdk ij vk:<+ gks lalkj:ih leqæ dks ikj djrs gSa] muds tUe&ej.k:i lalkj ds ewyHkwr os lkjs iki fu'p; gh u"V gks tkrs gSaA egkequs! lalkj ds ewyHkwr ikrd:ih ikniksa dk f'kouke:ih dqBkj ls fu'p; gh uk'k gks tkrk gSA tks iki:ih nkokuy ls ihfM+r gSa] mUgsa f'kouke:ih ve`r dk iku djuk pkfg;sA ikiksa ds nkokuy ls nX/ gksusokys yksxksa dks ml f'ko&ukeke`r ds fcuk 'kkfUr ugha fey ldrhA tks f'kouke:ih lq/k dh o`f"Vtfur /kjk esa xksrs yxk jgs gSa] os lalkj:ih nkokuy ds chp esa [kM+s gksusij Hkh dnkfi 'kksd ds Hkkxh ugha gksrsA ftu egkRekvksa ds eu esa f'kouke ds çfr cM+h Hkkjh HkfDr gS] ,sls yksxksa dh lglk vkSj loZFkk eqfDr gksrh gSA f'koukerjha çkI; lalkjkfC/arjfUr rsA lalkjewyikikfu rkfu u';UR;la'k;e~AA lalkjewyHkwrkuka ikrdkuka egkequsA f'koukedqBkjs.k fouk'kks tk;rs /zqoe~AA f'koukeke`ra is;a ikinkokuykfnZrS%A ikinkokfXurIrkuka 'kkfUrLrsu fouk u fgAA f'kosfr ukeih;w"ko"kkZ/kjkifjIyqrk%A lalkjnoeè;s¿fi u 'kkspfUr dnkpuAA f'koukfEu egn~HkfDrtkZrk ;s"kka egkReuke~A 691

bZ'kku% loZnsokuke~ rf}/kuka rq lglk eqfDrHkZofr loZFkkAA (f'k- iq- fo- la- 23@29&33)

mlh lafgrk esa iqu% dgk x;k gS fd&¶f'kouke:ih nkokuy ls cMs+&cM+s ikrkdksa ds vla[; ioZr vuk;kl HkLe gks tkrs gSa&;g lR; gS] lR; gSA blesa la'k; ugha&¸ f'kosfrukenkokXusegZ kikrd ioZrk%A HkLehHkoaR;uk;klkRlR;a lR;a u la'k;%AA (f'k- iq- fo- la- 23@23) ¶gs equs! brus rks iki Hkh i`Foh ij ugha gSa ftUgsa euq"; dj lds vkSj os f'kouke }kjk u"V u gks tk;¡A f'kouke ls lHkh çdkj ds ikrd u"V gksdj ifo=krk çkIr gksrh gSA¸ ikrdkfu fou';fUr;koafr f'kouker%A (f'k- iq- fo- la- 23@27) Hkqforkoafrikikfu fØ;arsu ujSeqZusAA dweZiqjk.k esa O;klth vtqZu ls dgrs gSa fd Ñr;qx esa czãk] =ksrk esa Hkxoku~ lw;Z] }kij esa Hkxoku~ fo".kq vkSj dfy;qx esa egs'oj #æ gh eq[; nsork gSaA czãk] fo".kq rFkk lw;Z rhuksa dfy;qx esa iwts tkrs gSa ijUrq fiukd/kjh #æ pkjksa ;qxksa esa iwts tkrs gSa vr% Hkxoku~ f'ko dk uke dfy;qx esa lcls mÙke gSA czãkÑr;qxs nsoL=ksrk;ka Hkxoku~ jfo%A }kijs nSora fo".kq% dykS #æks egs'oj%AA czãk fo".kqLrFkk lw;Z% loZ ,o dfy"ofi iwT;rs Hkxoku~ #æ'prq"oZfi fiukd/`d~AA (dweZiq- fo- v- 27@18&19) tks iq#"k vUr le; esa f'ko dk Lej.k djrk gS] og pkgs czãgR;kjk gks] pkgs 'kjkch gks] pksj gks vFkok xq#L=khxkeh gh D;ksa u gks] f'ko ds lkFk lk;qT; dks çkIr gksrk gSA(lkS- iq- v- 66) f'koxhrk esa Hkxoku~ f'ko dgrs gSa fd ;fn dksbZ egkikih Hkh nsgkUr esa esjk Lej.k djs o(ue% f'kok;) bl iapk{kjh fo|k dk mPpkj.k djs rks fu%lUnsg mldh eqfDr gks tkrh gS& egkikiSjfi Li`"Vks nsgkUrs ;Lrq eka Lejsr~A iÛÓk{kjha oksPpjfr l eqDrks uk=k la'k;AA (f'koxhrk 16@18) tks euq"; çlaxo'k] dkSrwgy ls] yksHk ls] Hk; ls vFkok vKku ls Hkh ^gj*&uke dk mPpkj.k djrk gS] og lkjs ikiksa ls NwV tkrk gSA çlÄ~xkRdkSrqdkYyksHkkn~ Hk;knKkurks¿fi okA gj bR;qPpjUeR;Z% loZikiS% çeqP;rsAA (lkSjiqjk.k 7@31) blh rjg f'koxhrk esa Hkxoku~ f'ko }kjk dgk x;k gS fd vfr vk'p;Z vFkok Hk; vkSj 'kksd çkIr gqvk gks ok Nhadus vFkok vkSj dksbZ jksx esa tks fdlh cgkus ls Hkh esjk (f'ko dk) 692

f'ko&uke dh efgek uke mPpkj.k djrk gS og ijexfr dks çkIr gks tkrk gS& vk'p;sZ ok Hk;s 'kksds {kqrs ok ee uke;%A O;ktsu ok Lejs|Lrq l ;kfr ijeka xfre~AA (f'koxhrk 16@17) ogha ij vkxs dgk x;k gS fd O;fDr f'ko dh mikluk laca/h vU; fØ;k,¡ djs vFkok u djs ijUrq tks dsoy f'ko dk uke tirk gS og lnkeqDrLo:i gSA vU;kfu 'kSodekZf.k djksrq u djksrq okA f'kouke tis|Lrq loZnk eqP;rs rq l%AA (f'koxhrk 16@22) Jhen~Hkkxor esa lrh vius firk n{k ls dg jgha gSa fd ftudk ^f'ko* ;g nks v{kjksaokyk uke çlaxo'k ,d ckj Hkh eq[k ls fudy tkusij euq"; ds leLr ikiksa dks rRdky u"V dj nsrk gS vkSj ftudh vkKk dk dksbZ Hkh mYyÄ~?ku ugha dj ldrk] mUgha ifo=kdhfrZ eÄ~xye; Hkxoku~ 'kadj ls vki }s"k djrs gSaA vo'; gh vki veÄ~xy:i gSaA ;n~ }~;{kja uke fxjsfjra u`.kka lÑRçlÄ~xkn?kek'kq gfUr rr~A ifo=kdhfrZ reyÄ~?k~;'kklua Hkokugks }sf"V f'koa f'kosrj%AA (Jhen~Hkkxor iq- 4@4@14) mijksDr m¼j.k ls ;g Hkh Li"V gS fd tks Hkxoku~ f'ko ls foeq[k gksrk gS og veaxy&:i gksrk gSA vFkkZr~ u rks mldk Hkyk gksrk gS vkSj u nwljksa dk ftuls og tqM+k gksrk gSA f'koksifu"kn~ esa dgk x;k gS fd f'kouke dk dhrZu djus ls lHkh ikrdksa ls fuo`fÙk gks tkrh gS rFkk O;fDr ijein dks çkIr dj ysrk gSA ukeladhrZuknso f'koL;k'ks"kikrdS%A ;r% çeqP;rs f{kça eU=kks¿;a }~;{kj% ij%AA ;% f'koa f'kofeR;soa }~;{kja eU=keH;lsr~A ,dk{kja ok lrra l ;kfr ijea ine~AA (f'koksifu"kn~ 1@20&21) i|iqjk.k esa Hkxoku~ f'ko dh efgek crykrs gq, ekrfy(bUæ ds lkjFkh) jktk ;;kfr ls dgrs gSa fd tks yksx Hkxoku~ f'ko dk çlaxo'k Hkh Lej.k ;k ukedhrZu vFkok ueLdkj dj ysrs gSa] mUgsa vuqie lq[k dh çkfIr gksrh gSA fQj tks fujUrj muds Hktu esa gh yxs jgrs gSa] muds fo"k; esa rks dguk gh D;k gSA(i|iqjk.k&Hkwfe[k.M&vè;k;&71@17&18) çlaxsukfi;sdq;qZ% 'kadjLej.kaujk%AA rSyHZ ;aRorqyl a kS[;afdaiu q LrRijk;.kS%A (iÁiq- Hkwfe[k- 71@17&18) ukjnth eksg ds o'khHkwr gks Hkxoku~ fo".kq dks Jki ns nsrs gSa vkSj Hkxoku~ mls Lohdkj 693

bZ'kku% loZnsokuke~ dj viuh ek;k dks gVk ysrs gSaA ek;k ds gVrs gh ukjnth dks Kku gks tkrk gS vkSj Hk;Hkhr gksdj Jhgfj ds pj.k idM+ ysrs gSa vkSj dgrs gSa&¶gs 'kj.kkxr ds nq%[kksa dks gjusokys! esjh j{kk dhft;sA gs Ñikyq! esjk 'kki feF;k gks tk;A Hkxou~! eSaus vkidks vusd [kksVs opu dgsA esjs iki dSls feVsaxs\ esjs fny esa tks ?kksj v'kkfUr vkSj vkReXykfu dh ihM+k gks jgh gS og dSls feVsxh\¸ rc Hkxoku~ Jhgfj mÙkj nsrs gSa fd tkdj 'kadjth ds 'kruke1 dk ti djks] blls rqEgkjs ân; esa rqjUr 'kkfUr gks tk;xh rFkk rqEgkjs iki feV tk;¡xsA jkepfjrekul esa rqylhnkl fy[krs gSa fd& e`"kk gksm ee Jki ÑikykA------------------------------------------AA eSa nqcZpu dgs cgqrsjsA dg eqfu iki fefVfga fdfe esjsAA tigq tkb ladj lr ukekA gksbfg ân;¡ rqjr fcJkekAA (jkepfjrekul&ckydk.M 137@2&3)

mijksDr m¼j.k ls Li"V gS fd f'kouketi ls iki&rki lc feV tkrs gSaA ukjnth dk mijksDr izlax ,oa 'kruke tius dk mYys[k f'koiqjk.k #ælafgrk vè;k;&4 esa Hkh gSA jkepfjrekul esa vkxs mÙkjdk.M esa dkdHkq'kqf.Mth ds xq# Hkxoku~ f'ko dh çkFkZuk esa dgrs gSa& u ;kon~ mekukFk iknkjfoUnaA Hktarhg yksds ijs ok ujk.kkaAA u rkoRlq[ka 'kkfUr lUrkiuk'kaA çlhn çHkks loZHkwrkf/oklaAA (jkepfjrekul&mÙkjdk.M 107 [k@7)

HkkokFkZ ;g gS fd tcrd ikoZrh ds ifr ds pj.kdeyksa dks euq"; ugha Hktrs] rcrd mUgsa u rks bg yksd vkSj u ijyksd esa lq[k&'kkfUr feyrh gS vkSj u muds nq%[kksa dk uk'k gksrk gSA Hkxoku~ 'kadj ije Ñikyq gSa] muds tSlk 'kh?kz çlUu gksusokyk dksbZ Hkh ugha gSA vr% mudh Ñik&çkfIr ds fy;s mudk Hktu djuk pkfg;sA mudh Ñik dh çkfIr gks tkusij euq"; u dsoy Hkolkxj ls ikj gks tkrk gS] vfirq mls lHkh çdkj ds ,s'o;Z çkIr gks tkrs gSaA rqylhnkl Hkxoku~ f'ko dh n;kyqrk ,oa uke dh efgek ekul esa bl çdkj crkrs gSa& tjr ldy lqj c`azn fo"ke xjy tsfga iku fd;A rsfg u Hktfl eu ean dks Ñikyq ladj lfjlAA (jkepfjrekul] fdf"dU/kdk.M] çkjaHk dk lksjBk)

HkkokFkZ ;g gS fd ftl Hkh"k.k gykgy fo"k ls lc nsorkx.k ty jgs Fks mldks ftUgkasus 1- Hkxoku~ f'ko ds ftu 'krukeksa dks ukjnth us tik mldk mYys[k blh iqLrd esa vU;=k gqvk gSA 694

f'ko&uke dh efgek (n;ko'k) Lo;a iku dj fy;k] js eUn eu! rw mu 'kadjth dks D;ksa ugha Hktrk\ muds leku Ñikyq (vkSj) dkSu gS\ iqu% çHkq lejFk lcZX; flo ldy dyk xqu /keA tksx X;ku cSjkX; fuf/ izur dyir# ukeAA (ekul@ck- dk.M@nksgk 107) HkkokFkZ gS&gs çHkks! vki(f'ko) leFkZ] loZK vkSj dY;k.kLo:i gSaA lc dykvksa vkSj xq.kksa ds fu/ku gSa vkSj ;ksx] Kku rFkk oSjkX; ds Hk.Mkj gSaA vkidk uke 'kj.kkxrksa ds fy;s dYio`{k(vFkkZr~ lHkh dkeukvksa dks iwjk djusokyk) gSA #æân;ksifu"n~ esa O;klth 'kqdnsoth dks Hkxoku~ f'ko dh efgek crkrs gq, dg jgs gSa fd ¶Hkxoku~ #æ loZnso:i gSa vkSj lc nsork #æLo:i gaSA -------------#æ czãk vkSj fo".kqLo:i gSaA --------------- ç;kstukuqlkj #æ us viuh ,d gh ewfrZ dks rhu(czãk] fo".kq ,oa #æ) çdkj ls O;ofLFkr fd;k gSA ---------------¶Jh #æ #æ #æ¸ bl çdkj ls tks cqf¼eku~ tirk gS] blls leLr nsoksa dk dhrZu gks tkus ds dkj.k og lc ikiksa ls eqDr gks tkrk gSA¸ loZnsokRedks #æ% ------czãfo".kqe;ks #æ-----ç;kstukFkZ #æs.k ewfrZjsdk f=k/kÑrkA -------------------------------------------------------Jh #æ #æ #æsfr ;Lra czw;kf}p{k.k%A (#æân;ksifu"kn~ 4&17) dhrZukr~loZnsoL; loZikiS% çeqP;rsA f'koiqjk.k esa(rFkk vU;=k Hkh) dgk x;k gS fd Kku dh çkfIr vR;Ur dfBu gS] ijUrq Hkxoku~ dk Hktu vR;Ur lqdj gSA blfy;s larf'kjksef.k iq#"k eqfDRk ds fy;s Hkh f'ko dk Hktu gh djrs gSa] KkuLo:i eks{knkrk ijekRek f'ko Hktu ds gh v/hu gSaA Kkua rq nq"dja yksds Hktua lqdja ere~A rLekfPNoa p Hktr eqDr~;FkZefi lÙkek%AA f'koks fg Hktuk/huks KkukRek eks{kn% ij%A ----------------------------------------------------------------------(f'k- iq- dksfV#- lafgrk v- 41@17&18)

vkxs dgk x;k gS fd tks vuU; HkfDr ls ;qDr gksdj 'kEHkq dk Hktu djrk gS mls vUr esa vo'; gh eks{k çkIr gks tkrk gSA vuU;;k p HkDr~;k oS;qDr% 'kEHkqa HktsRiqu%A vUrs p eqfDrek;kfr uk=k dk;kZ fopkj.kkAA (f'k- iq- dksfV#- lafgrk v- 43@36)

iqu% dgk x;k gS fd euq us egku~ ikiks 695a ds fy;s egku~ vkSj y?kq ikiksa ds fy;s y?kq

bZ'kku% loZnsokuke~ çk;f'pÙk crk;s gSaA mu v'ks"k ikideks± ds fy;s tks&tks çk;f'pÙk&laca/h deZ crk;s x;s gSa] mu lcesa Hkxoku~ 'kadj dk Lej.k gh loZJs"B çk;f'pÙk gSA ftl iq#"k ds fpÙk esa ikideZ djus ds vuUrj i'pkÙkki gksrk gS] mlds fy;s rks ,dek=k Hkxoku~ f'ko dk Lej.k gh loksZÙke çk;f'pÙk gSA çkr%] lk;a] jkr rFkk nksigj vkfn esa Hkxoku~ f'ko dk Lej.k djus ls ikijfgr gqvk euq"; leLr Dys'kksa ls NwVdj ekgs'oj/ke] LoxZ vFkok eks{k çkIr dj ysrk gSA (f'kiq- mek la- 16@28&32) ekgs'ojeokIuksfr eè;kÉkfn"kq laLeju~A çkrfuZf'k p laè;k;ka{kh.kikiks HkosUuj%AA eqfDra ç;kfr Lox± ok leLrDys'kla{k;e~A f'koL;Lej.kknso rL; 'kaHkks#ekirs%AA (f'k- iq- meklafgrk v- 16@31&32) vkfn esa ^ue%* in ls ;qDr ^f'kok;*&;s rhu v{kj ftldh ftàk ds vxzHkkx esa fo|eku gaS] mldk thou lQy gSA iÛÓk{kj&eU=k ds ti esa yxk gqvk iq#"k ;fn if.Mr] ew[kZ] vUR;t vFkok v/e Hkh gks rks og ikii×tj ls eqDr gks tkrk gSA ueLdjkfnla;qDra f'kok;sR;{kj=k;e~A ftàkxzsorZrs ;L; lQya rL; thfore~AA vaR;tks ok/eks okfiew[kksZ ok iafMrks¿fi okA iapk{kjtis fu"BkseqP;rs ikiiatjkr~AA (f'k- iq- ok;oh;la- m- [k- 12@36&37)

pyrs&fQjrs] [kM+s gksrs vFkok LosPNkuqlkj deZ djrs gq, ifo=k ;k vifo=k iq#"k ds ti djusij Hkh ;g eU=k(iÛÓkPkj) fu"Qy ugha gksrkA vUR;t] ew[kZ] lnkpkj ls ghu] ifrr vkfn lHkh dk m¼kj djus ds fy;s dfy;qx esa bl eU=k ds ti ls c<+dj dksbZ mik; ugha gSA lnkpkjfoghuL; ifrrL;kUR;tL; pA iapk{kjkRija ukfLr ifj=kk.ka dykS ;qxsAA xPNrfLr"Brks okfi LosPN;k deZ dqoZr%A v'kqpsokZ 'kqpsokZfi eU=kks¿;Uu pfu"Qy%AA (f'k- iq- ok;oh;la- m- [k- 14@62&63)

uSfe"kkj.; esa Íf"k;ksa dks ykse'kth f'ko dh efgek crkrs gq, dg jgs gSa fd tks yksx ^f'ko* bl nks v{kj ds uke dk mPpkj.k djsaxs mUgsa LoxZ vkSj eks{k nksuksa çkIr gksaxs&blesa rfud Hkh lUnsg ugha gSA 696

f'ko&uke dh efgek f'kosfr }~;{kja uke O;kgfj";fUr ;s tuk%A rs"kka LoxZ'p eks{k'p Hkfo";fUr u pkU;FkkAA (Ld- iq- ek- ds- 1@14) os vkxs dgrs gSa fd&gs gjs! vkSj gs gj! bl Hkxoku~ f'ko ,oa fo".kq1 ds uke ysus ls ijekRek f'ko us cgqrsjs euq";ksa dh j{kk dh gSA gjs gjsfr oS ukEuk 'kEHkks'pØ/jL; pA jf{krk cgoks eR;kZ% f'kosu ijekRekAA (Ld- iq- ek- ds- 5@87) LdUniqjk.k esa gh f'koiwtu dh efgek ds çlax esa dgk x;k gS fd ftuds eq[k ls ^ue% f'kok;* ;g iÛÓk{kj eU=k lnk mPpkfjr gksrk jgrk gS] os euq"; Hkxoku~ 'kadj ds Lo:i gSaA(Ldiq- ek- ds- v- 5@96) ^f'ko* ;g nks v{kjksa dk uke egkikrdksa dk Hkh uk'k djusokyk gSA ftu euq";ksa ds eq[k ls ^f'ko* uke dk ti gksrk jgrk gS] mUgksaus gh bl lEiw.kZ txr~ dks /kj.k fd;k gSA(Ldiq- ek- ds- v- 5@100) f'kosfr }~;{kja uke egkikiç.kk'kue~A ;s"kka eq[kksn~xra u~Î.kka rSfjna /k;Zrs txr~AA (Ld- iq- ek- ds- 5@100) HkkokFkZ ;g gS fd iapk{kj ea=k dks tius dk bruk Qy gksrk gS fd euq"; f'ko ds lk:I;(,d çdkj dh eqfDr) dks çkIr dj ysrk gSA blh çdkj f'ko dk uke tiusokyk bruk ifo=k gks tkrk gS og lalkj dh lHkh oLrqvksa&unh] ioZr] tM+&psru vkfn&dks ifo=k djusokyk gks tkrk gSA tc lalkj esa iki dk ckgqY; gks tkrk gS rks lalkj dk çy; gks tkrk gSA iki ds ckgqY; dks jksdus ,oa vifo=k dks ifo=k djus ls f'kouke dk tkid lalkj dk /kj.k djusokyk dgykrk gSA "kM{kj eU=k dh efgek dks vU;=k crkrs gq, dgk x;k gS fd tks J¼kiwoZd bldk ti djrk gS] mldk czãgR;ktfur iki Hkh u"V gks tkrk gSA nl ckj "kM{kj eU=k(¬ ue% f'kok;) ds ti ls ,d fnu dk vkSj chl ckj ds ti ls euq"; ,d o"kZ dk iki /ks Mkyrk gSA Hkxoku~ f'ko dk ;g eU=k euq";ksa ds lc iki vkSj veaxy gj ysusokyk gSA(laf{kIr Ld- iq- ukxj [kav-&29 i`- 844 xhrkizsl] xksj[kiqj) lwrth mijksDr eU=k dh fo'ks"krk crkrs gq, dgrs gSa fd tSls lc nsorkvksa esa f=kiqjkfj Hkxoku~ 'kadj Js"B gSa] mlh çdkj lc eU=kksa esa f'ko dk "kM{kj eU=k Js"B gSA og ti djusokys iq#"kksa dks eks{k nsuos kyk gSA flf¼ dh bPNk j[kusokys lc Js"B eqfu bl eU=k dk lE;x~:i ls 1- ;gk¡ fo".kq ,oa f'ko dks vfHk ;k ,d ekudj ,slk dgk x;k gSA D;ksafd nksuksa ukeksa ds tkid dks Qy nsusokys f'koth gh gS ,slk dgk x;k gSA 697

bZ'kku% loZnsokuke~ lsou djrs gSAa nsg/kjh euq"; rHkhrd nq%[kksa ls Hkjs gq, bl Hk;adj lalkj esa HkVdrs gS]a tcrd fd os ,d ckj Hkh bl eU=k dk mPpkj.k ugha djrsA (Ld- iq- czkã[k- czãks- [k- 1@9&10] 17) nsokuka ijeks nsoks ;Fkk oS f=kiqjkard%A ea=kk.kka ijeks ea=kLrFkk 'kSo% "kM{kj%AA ,"k iapk{kjks eU=kks ti~RÎ.kka eqfDrnk;d%A lalsO;rs eqfuJs"BSj'ks"kS% flf¼dkaf{kfHk%AA (Ld- iq- czkã[k- czãks- [k- 1@9&10)

^f'ko* ;g nks v{kj dk eU=k gh cM+s&cM+s ikrdksa dk uk'k djus esa leFkZ gS vkSj mlesa ^ue%* in tksM+ fn;k x;k] rc rks og eks{k nsusokyk gks tkrk gSA(Ld- egkiq- czk- czãksÙkj[k.M v- 1@22) egkikrdfofPNÙ;S f'ko bR;{kj};e~A vya uefLØ;k;qDrks eqDr;s ifjdYirsAA Hkxoku~ f'ko egknso] egknso vkSj egknso ,sls uke mPpkj.k djusokys ds çfr ,sls nkSM+rs gSa] tSls oRlyk xkS vius cNM+s ds çfr& egknso egknso egknsosfr okfnue~A oRla xkSfjo xkSjh'kks /koUreuq/kofrAA (dY;k.k ds f'koksiklukad i`- 65 ls mn~/`r)

tks iq#"k rhu ckj ^egknso] egknso] egknso* bl rjg Hkxoku~ dk uke mPpkj.k djrk gS] Hkxoku~ ,d uke ls eqfDr nsdj 'ks"k nks uke ls lnk ds fy;s mlds Í.kh gks tkrs gSa& egknso egknso egknsosfr ;ks onsr~A ,dsu eqfDrekIuksfr }kH;ka 'kEHkw Í.kh Hkosr~AA (dY;k.k ds f'koksiklukad i`- 65 ls mn~/`r)

f'ko jgL; esa Hkxoku~ f'ko ds opu bl çdkj gSa&¶tks xfr ;ksfx;ksa vkSj dk'kh eas 'kjhj NksM+usokyksa dh gksrh gS] ogh xfr esjs uke dk dhrZu djusokyksa dks çkIr gksrh gSA tks euq"; esjs eqfDrnk;d&egs'k] fiukdikf.k] 'kEHkq] fxfj'k] gj] 'kadj] pUæekSfy] foÜÒsÜÒj] vU/dfjiq] iqjlwnu bR;kfn ukeksa dk mPpkj.k djrs gq, esjh vpkZ djrs gSa] os /U; gSaA tks uhyyksfgr] fnxEcj] ÑfÙkokl] Jhd.B] 'kkUr] fu#ikf/d] fufoZdkj] e`R;q×t;] vO;;] fu/h'k] x.ksÜÒj&bR;kfn ukeksa dk mPpkj.k djrs gq, esjh iwtk djrs gSa] os /U; gSaA esjs uke:ih ve`r dk iku djusokys vkSj fujUrj esjs pj.kksa dk iwtu djusokys rFkk esjs fyÄ~xksa dk iwtu djusokys esjs fç; HkDr iqu% ekrk dk nw/ ihus dh u rks bPNk djrs gSa vkSj u mUgsa fQj og çkIr 698

f'ko&uke dh efgek gksrk gSA os rks lkjs nq%[kksa ls NwVdj esjs yksd esa vuUr dkyrd fuokl djrs gSaA egs'k:ih uke dh fnO; ve`r/kjk ls ifjIykfor ekxZ esa ls gksdj Hkh tks fudy tkrs gSa] os dnkfi 'kksd dks çkIr ugha gksrsA¸(f'kojgL;&lIreka'k] çFke vè;k; dY;k.k] f'kokad i`- 361) blh xzUFk esa vkxs dgk x;k gS fd&¶Hkxoku~ Jhf'ko ;enwrksa dks vkKk nsrs gSa fd vkt dksbZ egkikih czãgR;k djusokyk ejk gS] mlds ikiksa dh fxurh gh ugha gSA mlus ejrs le; tks okD; dgs mUgsa eSa dgrk gw¡] lquksA ^vkgj vÐe~*(vÐ ykvks)] ^lagj ,rkS* (budks ekjks)] ^çgj çgj*(çgkj djks] çgkj djks) ;g dgrk gqvk og ikih czãgR;kjk ej x;kA fdarq mi;qZDr okD;ksa ds mPpkj.k ls mlds lkjs iki u"V gks x;sA ^vkgj* vkfn okD;ksa ds vUrHkwZr ^gj* uke ikiksa dk uk'k djusokyk gSA mlh dk ej.kdky esa mPpkj.k gksus ls mlds lkjs ikiksa dk uk'k gks x;kA cqf¼iwoZd vFkok vcqf¼iwoZd tks yksx ej.k ds le; esjs uke dk mPpkj.k djrs gSa] os eqDr gks tkrs gSaA ^çgj çgj* bu okD;ksa esa esjs uke dk tks nks ckj mPpkj.k gqvk] ogh esjh iwtk ds fy;s i;kZIr gks x;kA ;g eSa Hkqtk mBkdj Mads dh pksV dgrk gw¡A e`R;qdky esa tks esjs ukeksa dk Lej.k djrs gSa] eSa mUgsa 'kh?kz gh eks{k nsrk gw¡] ;g esjh lR; çfrKk gSA ^vkgj* vkfn okD;ksa esa milxks± dks gVk nsus ls esjs eqfDrnk;d uke gh 'ks"k jg tkrs gSaA e`R;qdky esa ;fn dksbZ egkikrdh Hkh esjk uke ysrk gS rks mls eSa ml uke ds çHkko ls eks{k ns nsrk gw¡A esjs ftrus uke gSa mu lcesa eqfDr nsus dk LoHkko gSA e`R;qdky esa esjk uke ysdj vusd equ"; eks{k dks çkIr dj pqds gSaA uke dk ekgkRE; gh ,slk gS] blesa fdlh çdkj dk vkÜÓ;Z ugha djuk pkfg;sA ^gj* ;g uke vusdksa ikiksa dks gjrk gSA eSa ikiksa dks gjusokyk gw¡] blhfy;s eq>s yksx ^gj* dgrs gSaA gky gh esa egkiki djds vUrdky esa f'koLej.k djus ls euq"; eks{k çkIr dj ysrk gSA blhfy;s gs lkSE;! rqe yksx mls ;gk¡ rqjar ys vkvksA¸1 iqu% Jhfo".kq czãkth ls dgrs gSa fd ¶tks ^'kEHkq] 'kEHkq] egs'k* bu ukeksa dk mPpkj.k cjkcj vkuUniwoZd djrs gSa] mudks xHkZokl dk Hk; ugha gksrkA ^gs f'ko! gs ijes'k!* bl çdkj vkuUniwoZd tks fujUrj Hkxoku~ f'ko dk uke ysrs gSa] mUgsa xHkZ esa vkuk ugha iM+rkA tks çfrfnu vkuUniwoZd 'kadj dk uke ysrs gSa] os /U;okn ds ik=k gSa&;g ge lR;&lR; dgrs gSaA lalkj:ih 1- LdUniqjk.k esa jktk bUælsu dh dFkk ds çlax esa blh ls feyrh&tqyrh ckrksa dk mYys[k gSA(Ld- iq- ekgs5@64&86)A bUælsu us vutkus esa ^gj* uke dk mPpkj.k djds f'koyksd esa p.M uked x.k dk in ik;kA iqu% bl rjg dh dFkk iÁiqjk.k ds ikrky[k.M] vè;k; 111 esa vkrh gSA ogk¡ ij Hkh ejrs le; fdlh ikih us ^çgj* ,oa ^vkgj* 'kCnksa ds mPpkj.kek=k ls f'koyksd dks çkIr fd;k D;kasafd bu 'kCnksa ds vUr esa ^gj* 'kCn yxk gSA 699

bZ'kku% loZnsokuke~ ?kksj lkxj ls rjus ds fy;s 'kadjuke:i gh ukSdk gSA bldks NksM+dj lalkjlkxj ls ikj gksus dk dksbZ vkSj mik; ugha gSA gs czãu~! ;g fueZy f'ko&uke e/qj ls Hkh e/qj gS vkSj eqfDr dks nsusokyk rFkk lalkjHk; dk uk'k djusokyk gSA¸(f'kojgL; 7@20 dY;k.k] f'kokad i`- 361) iwoZdky esa ,d ikih rFkk dq"B&jksx ls ihfM+r czkã.k dhdV(ex/) ns'k esa jgrk FkkA og lnk czãgR;kfn iki fd;k djrk FkkA ml czkã.k dks o`¼koLFkk esa lkseokj ds fnu iq=k iSnk gvkA mlus g"kZ ls ml iq=k dk uke ^lkseoklj* j[k fn;kA og czkã.k vius iq=k dks cjkcj gj dke esa ^lkseoklj&lkseoklj* dgdj iqdkjk djrk FkkA ,d fnu ml czkã.k dks lk¡i us dkV fy;kA fo"k dh Tokyk ls ihfM+r gksdj ckj&ckj ^lkseoklj&lkseoklj* iqdkjrs&iqdkjrs czkã.k dk nsgkUr gks x;kA mlh le; f'ko ds x.k rqjar ,d lqUnj foeku yk;s vkSj mldks mlesa p<+kdj dSykl ys x;s(f'kojgL; 7@20 f'kokad i`- 361&362)A blh çlax esa vkxs Hkxoku~ f'ko Lo;a ;ejkt ls dgrs gSa& ¶tks iq#"k çlaxo'k Hkh esjk uke mRlkgiwoZd jVsxk] og loZFkk ikiksa ls NwV tk;xk] blesa dksbZ lansg ugha gSA gs ;ejkt! esjk uke ikiksa ds ou dks tykus esa nkokuy ds leku gSA esjs ,d uke dk mPpkj.k djrs gh ikiksa dk lewg rqjar u"V gks tkrk gSA esjs uke dk J¼kiwoZd Lej.k djus ij iki dgk¡ Bgj ldrs gSa\ D;ksafd ikiksa ds >qaM dk uk'k djus esa rks mls otzikr dh miek nh x;h gSA ftl çdkj dkykfXu dh Tokykvksa ls djksM+ksa ioZr ty x;s Fks] mlh çdkj esjs uke:ih vfXu ls djksM+ksa egkikrd u"V gks tkrs gSaA eSa ml pk.Mky dks Hkh fu%lansg ?kksj lalkjleqæ ls rkj nsrk gw¡] ftldk fpÙk esjs uke&Lej.k esa vuqjDr gSA ftlus ikiksa ds >aqM dk uk'k djusokyk esjk uke vUrdky esa Lej.k dj fy;k mlus ?kksj lalkj&leqæ dks pqVfd;ksa esa ikj dj fy;k le>ksA esjs uke dk Lej.k esjs gh Lej.k ds rqY; gS vkSj esjh Le`fr gks tkus ij iki dgk¡ Bgj ldrs gSa\ gs /eZjkt! fdlh iq#"k ds vanj iki rHkhrd Bgjrs gSa] tcrd fd og egkikrdksa dk uk'k djusokys esjs uke dk Lej.k ugha djrkA djksM+ksa egkikrdksa dk uk'k rHkhrd ugha gksrk] tcrd eu esjs uke&Lej.k esa yhu ugha gks tkrkA blus egkikrdksa dk uk'k djusokys esjs ^lkse* ukedk Lej.k djrs gq, 'kjhj NksM+k] blfy;s bldh eqfDr esa dksbZ lansg gh ugha gks ldrkA gs ;e ! eSa rqEgkjs fgr dh ,d ckr vkSj dgrk gww¡] og ;g gS fd rqe çfrfnu esjs HkDrksa dh ;RuiwoZd iwtk fd;k djks] D;ksafd os eq>s loZnk I;kjs gSaA¸(f'kolIr- v- 20 f'kokaad i`- 362) czãkth egf"kZ xkSre ls dgrs gSa & ¶f'kouke:ih ef.k ftlds d.B esa lnk fojkteku jgrh gS] og uhyd.B dk gh Lo:i cu tkrk gS] blesa dksbZ lansg ughaA gs f}toj ! rqe fuR; 'kadj dk iwtu djks vkSj f'koukeke`r 700

f'ko&uke dh efgek dk iku djks] f'kouke ls c<+dj dksbZ nwljk ve`r ugha gSA e`R;q ds le; ^f'ko* ;s nks v{kj Hkxoku~ 'kadj dh Ñik ds fcuk euq"; ds gksBksa ij ugha vkrsA f'kouke:ih dqYgkM+h ls lalkj:ih o`{k tc ,d ckj dV tkrk gS rks fQj og nqckjk ugha terkA iki gh lalkj:ih o`{k dh tM+ksa dh tM+ gS vkSj f'kouke dk ,d ckj ti djus ls gh mldk uk'k gks tkrk gSA¸(f'ko- 7@22 f'kokad i`- 362) ;ejkt Hkh xkSreth ls dgrs gSa& ¶egku~&ls&egku~ ikih Hkh vFkok ftlus thou esa dksbZ Hkh iki u NksM+k gks] og vUrdky esa ;fn f'kouke dk mPpkj.k dj ys rks og fQj esjk }kj ugha ns[k ldrkA ^f'ko*&'kCn dk mPpkj.k fd;s fcuk czkã.k Hkh eqDr ugha gks ldrk vkSj ^f'ko*&'kCn dk mPpkj.k dj pk.Mky Hkh eqDr gks ldrk gSA ;ksa rks f'koth ds lHkh uke eks{knk;d gSa] fdarq mu lcesa ^f'ko* uke loZJs"B gS] mldk ekgkRE; xk;=kh ds leku gSA¸(f'ko- 7@22 f'kokad i`- 362) c`g¼eZiqjk.k esa Hkh dgk x;k gS fd nks v{kjksaokyk ^f'ko*&uke veaxyksa dk uk'k djusokyk gS rFkk blds Lej.kek=k ls ikiksa ds <sj lekIr gks tkrs gSaA f'kosfr }~;{kja uke ;L;keÄ~xyuk'kde~AA dsoyLej.ksuSo ikijk'khfUuokj;sr~A (c`g¼eZiq- 37@58&59) Jqfr dk çek.k gS fd lalkj ds nq%[k dh 'kkfUr ds fy;s f'ko ds uke ls fHkUu dksbZ nok ugha gSA HkoO;kf/'kkUr~;S Hkouke fHkUua u HkS"kT;ekLrs JqfrLrRçek.ke~ (c`g¼eZiq- 39@31)

bl /jrh ij tks euq"; Hkxoku~ f'ko ds uke dk dhrZu djrk gS mlds Qyksa dks 'ks"kukx Hkh crkus esa vleFkZ gSaA Hkxoku~ f'ko ds dhrZuek=k ls ,slk euq"; Hkh eqfDr dks çkIr dj ysrk gS ftlus u rks rhFkZ] u rks ;K] u rks nku vkSj u gh ozr fd;k gksA ÑfÙkoklsfr ;ks uke dhÙkZ;sr~ Hkqfo ekuo%A rL; ;r~ rr~ Qya oDrqa 'ks"knsoks u 'kDr;sAA fouk rhFkSZ£ouk;KS£ouknkuS£ouk ozrS%A eqfDra ç;kfUr euqtk% ÑfÙkoklsfr dhÙkZukr~AA (,dkezijq k.ke~ 42@71&72) lkSjiqjk.k(v- 65) esa fy[kk gS& 701

bZ'kku% loZnsokuke~ ^tks fcYoo`{k ds uhps cSBdj rhu jkr miksf"kr jgdj ifo=krkiwoZd ^f'ko*&uke dk ,d yk[k ti djrk gS] og Hkzw.kgR;k ds iki ls NwV tkrk gSA* ^ftrus Hkh LFkwy vFkok lw{e iki gSa] os lkjs&ds&lkjs dsoy {k.kHkj f'ko dk fpUru djus ls rqjar u"V gks tkrs gSaA* ^ty ds vanj fueXu gksdj f'ko dk è;ku djrs gq, çlÂ&fpÙk ls ^gj* bl uke dks dsoy vkB ckj tius ls euq"; ikiksa ls NwV tkrk gSA* ^egknso dk Lej.k djusokys ;fn ikih Hkh gksa rks mUgsa egkRek gh le>uk pkfg;s] ;g eSa rqels lR; dgrk gw¡A* lkSjiqjk.k esa gh vU;=k dgk x;k gS& ^Hkxoku~ f'ko ds uke dk dhZru djus ls lHkh iki u"V gks tkrs gSaA* uke ladhrZuk|L; fHk|rs ikii×tje~ (lkS- iq- 7@24) ^O;fDr iÛÓk{kj eU=k ds ti ls Hkxoku~ f'ko dk x.k gks tkrk gSA* iÛÓk{kj tis|Lrq f'kokL;kuqpjks Hkosr~AA (lkS- iq- 65@3) f'koiqjk.k esa dgk x;k gS fd f'kouke ds Lej.k ls /kfeZd ÑR; ,oa deks± dh U;wurk iw.kZ gks tkrh gS& ;RikniÁLej.kk|L;uketiknfiA (f'koiq-] dS- la- 12@64) U;wua deZ Hkosr~ iw.k± ra oUns lkEcehÜÒje~AA f'koxhrk ds vuqlkj uke&dhrZu dk lcdks vf/dkj gS& ukeladhrZus è;kus loZ ,okf/dkfj.k%A (f'koxhrk 16@12) ijekRek ds fof'k"V uke ;s gSa& u p ukekfu :ikf.k f'koL; ijekReu%A rFkkfi ek;;k rL; uke:is çdfYirsAA f'koks #æks egknso% 'kadjks czã lr~ ije~ A ,oeknhfu ukekfu fof'k"Vkfu ijL; rq AA (lwrla-] ;KoS- [ka-] va- 27@28&29) vFkkZr~&Hkxoku~ f'ko dk dksbZ Hkh uke&:i ugha gS rFkkfi ek;k ls vusd uke&:i fn;s x;s gSaA f'ko] #æ] egknso] 'kadj] czã] lr~] ije vkfn uke muesa ls fo'ks"k tkuuk pkfg;sA ukjn egkiqjk.k esa O;klth ds f'k"; tSfefu eqfu Hkxoku~ f'ko dh Lrqfr djrs gq, dg jgs gSa fd ¶tks Lej.kek=k ls lalkj&cU/u dk uk'k djusokys gSa] vkids mu fnO; ukeksa 702

f'ko&uke dh efgek dk ge lSdM+ksa o"kks±rd dhrZu djrs jgsaA¸ HkkokFkZ ;g gS fd Hkxoku~ f'ko ds vusdksa uke gSaA os lHkh Lej.kek=k ls Hkolkxj ls ikj yxkusokys gSaA(ukjniq- mÙkjHkkx v&73@89) Le`frek=ks.k lalkjfouk'kdjkf.k rsA ukekfu [kyq fnO;kfu çczoke 'kjn% 'kre~AA (ukj- egk iq- m- 73@89) lwrlafgrk dk dFku gS fd #ætkih egkikrd:ih iatj ls eqDr gksdj lE;d&Kku çkIr djrk gS vkSj vUr esa fo'kq¼ eqfDr çkIr djrk gSA #ækè;k; ds leku tius ;ksX;] Lokè;k; djus ;ksX;] osnksa vkSj Le`fr;ksa vkfn esa vU; dksbZ eU=k ugha gSA #ætkih foeqP;sr egkikrd i×tjkr~AA lE;d Kkua p yHkrs rsu eqP;sr cU/ukr~A vusu ln`'ka tI;a ukfLr lR;a JqrkS Le`rkSAA (lwrlafgrk] ;KoSHko[kaM iwoZHkkx vè;k; 2@36&37)

lwrlafgrk esa vkxs dgk x;k gS fd çseiwoZd f'ko ;k #æ dk ti djus ls vU; lHkh nsork çlUu gks tkrs gSaA vr% #æ ds ti ls HkqfDr ,oa eqfDr dh çkfIr gksrh gS&,slk çfl¼ gSA f'kos #ætikRçhrsçhrk ,okU; nsork%A vrks #ætiknso HkqfDreqfDr çflè;r%AA (lw- la-] ;KoS- [ka- iw- Hkk- 2@41) f'kouke dh efgek dgk¡rd dgh tk;\ iq"inUrkpk;Z us vius efgEu Lrks=k1 esa dgk gS fd ^L;kgh ds fy;s rks dkty dk ,d igkM+ gks vkSj leqæ dh nkokr esa mls Hkjdj j[kk tk;] dYio`{k dh Vgfu;ksa dh dye cuk;h tk; vkSj i`fFkoh dks dkxt cukdj Hkxorh ljLorh vuUr dkyrd fy[krh jgsa rc Hkh gs çHkks! vkids xq.kksa dk vUr ugha vk ldrkA* Hkyk] tc ekrk ljLorh gh Hkxoku~ ds xq.kksa dk o.kZu djus esa vleFkZ gSa] rc nwljk dksbZ bl dk;Z dks D;k dj ldrk gS\ Hkxoku~ dk uke&dhrZu tho ds fy;s ije voyEcu gS] blls cM+k lgkjk vkSj dksbZ gks gh ugha ldrkA uke ij foÜÒkl djusokys euq"; dks blds çek.k dh vko';drk gh ugha gksrhA ftlus HkxoÂke dk vkJ; ys fy;k] og Lusge;h tuuh dh lq[kn xksn dh 1-

vflrfxfjlea L;kRdTtya flU/qik=ks lqjr#oj'kk[kk ys[kuh i=keqohZA fy[kfr ;fn x`ghRok 'kkjnk loZdkya rnfi ro xq.kkukeh'k! ikja u;kfrAA 703

(f'koefg- Lrks=k 32)

bZ'kku% loZnsokuke~ Hkk¡fr Hkxoku~ dh fujkin xksn esa lnk ds fy;s tk cSBkA ijarq ;g foÜÒkl vkSj J¼k ds fcuk ugha gksrkA foÜÒkl gq, fcuk euq"; HkxokÂkedk vkJ; ugha ysrkA HkxokÂkedk vkJ; fy;s fcuk eu ls txr~ ds fo"k;ksa dk vkJ; ugha NwVrk vkSj tcrd fo"k;ksa dk vkJ; gS] rcrd fdlh çdkj Hkh lPps lq[k vkSj 'kkfUr dk vuqHko ugha gks ldrkA oklukuk'k dk loksZÙke mik; eu dks çHkq ds uke&ti&dhrZukfn esa cjkcj yxk;s jguk vkSj foÜÒkl djuk gh gSA s s s s s s s s

xaxk dk ekgkRE; tks euq"; lgÏksa ;kstu nwj ls Hkh xaxkth dk Lej.k djrk gS] og ikikpkjh gksusij Hkh ijexfr dks çkIr gksrk gSA ;kstukuka lgÏs"kq xaxka Lejfr ;ks uj%AA vfi nq"ÑrdekZlkS yHkrs ijeka xfre~A (iÁegkiq- LoxZ[k.M 41@14&15)

ftudk fpÙk iki ls nwf"kr gS] ,sls leLr çkf.k;ksa vkSj euq";ksa dh xaxk ds flok vU;=k xfr ugha gSA xaxk ds flok nwljh dksbZ xfr gS gh ughaA Hkxoku~ 'kadj ds eLrd ls fudyh gqbZ xaxk lc ikiksa dks gjusokyh vkSj 'kqHkdkfj.kh gSaA os ifo=kksa dks Hkh ifo=k djusokyh vkSj eaxye; inkFkks± ds fy;s Hkh eaxydkfj.kh gSA losZ"kka pSo Hkwrkuka ikiksigrpsrlke~A xfrjU;=k eR;kZuka ukfLr xaxklek xfr%AA ifo=kk.kka ifo=ka ;k eaxykuka p eaxye~A egs'ojf'kjksHkz"Vk loZikigjk 'kqHkkAA (iÁegkiq- LoxZ[k.M 43@56&57)

704

Related Documents