Human Population And Environment

UNIT – 5 HUMAN POPULATION AND ENVIRONMENT Objective: To get a knowledge on human population and human rights To educate the students on value education To equip the students towards the modern technology with respect to environment and human health. Population density: Number of individuals of the population per unit area or per unit volume. Parameters affecting population size: 1. Birth rate or Natality 2. Death rate or Mortality 3. Immigration 4. Emigration Population Growth The rapid growth of the global’s population for the past 100 years from the difference between the rate of birth and death. Causes of rapid population growth: 1. The rapid population growth is due to decrease in death rate and increase in birth rate 2. Availability of antibiotics, immunization, increased food production, clean water and air decreases the famine-related deaths 3. In agricultural based countries, children are required to help parents in the field that is why population increases in the developing countries. Characteristics of population growth: 1. Exponential growth 2. Doubling time 3. Infant mortality rate 4. total fertility rate 5. Replacement level 6. Male/female ratio 7. Demographic transition Variation of population based on age structure 1. Pyramid shaped – India , Bangladesh, Ethiopia, 2. Bell shaped – France, USA, UK 3. Urn shaped - Germany, Italy, and Japan. Population Explosion The enormous increase in population due to low death rate and high birth rate.

Causes: Modern medical facilities, life expectancy, illiteracy, Effects: Poverty, Environmental degradation, Over –exploitation of natural resources ,Treat, Communal war Remedy:- Through birth control programmes. Family welfare programme: Objectives: Slowing down the population explosion Over exploitation of natural resources Family planning programme: Objectives; Reduce infant mortality rate Encourage late marriages Improve women’s health Control of communal diseases… Environment and human health: 1. Physical Hazards – Radioactive and UV radiations, Global warming, Chlorofluro carbons, Noise etc. 2. Chemical Hazards – Combustion of Fossil fuels, industrial effluence, pesticides, heavy metals, 3. Biological Hazards- Bacteria, Viruses, Parasites Human rights: 1. Human right to freedom 2. Human right to property 3. Human right to freedom of religion 4. Human right to culture and education 5. Human right to constitutional remedies 6. Human right to equality 7. Human right against exploitation 8. Human right to food and environment 9. Human right to good health. Value education: Types: 1. Formal education 2. Value education 3. Value - based environmental education Objectives 1. To improve the integral growth of human beign 2. To create attitudes and improvement towards sustainable lifestyle.

3. To increase awareness about our national history our cultural heritage, constitutional rights, national integration, community develo9pment and environment. 4. To create and develop awareness about the values and their significance and role 5. To know about various living and non- living organisms and their interaction with environment. Types of values: 1. Universal values 2. Cultural values 3. Individual values 4. global values 5. Spiritual values HIV /AIDS AIDS is the abbreviated form for Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome caused by a virus called HIV. Effects; 1. Death 2. Loss of labor 3. Inability to work 4. Lack of energy Woman and child welfare: Objectives: 1. to provide education 2. To impart vocational training 3. To generate awareness 4. To improve employment opportunities 5. To restore dignity, equality and respect. Role of information technology in environment: Remote sensing: Component- A platform, aircraft, A balloon, rocket, and satellite. Functions: 1. Origin of electro magnetic energy 2. Transmission of energy 3. Interaction of energy 4. Detection of energy 5. Preprocessing of data 6. Data analysis and interpretation 7. Integration and other applications. Applications:

In agriculture, forestry, land cover, water resources Data Base- Collection of inter related data on various subjects. Applications: 1. Ministry of environment and forest 2. National management information system 3. Environmental information system Geographical information system: Application: Thematic maps are super imposed using soft wares. Interpretation of polluted zones To check unplanned growth and related environmental problems Satellite data: 1. Helps in providing reliable information and data about forest cover 2. Provide information about forecasting weather 3. Reserves of oil , minerals can be discovered. WORLD WIDE WEB: Current data. Applications: 1. Online learning 2. Digital files or photos, animations on environmental studies. Role of information technology in human health: The health service technology involves three systems 1. Finance and accounting 2. Pathology 3. Patient Administration – clinical system. Applications: 1. Data regarding birth and death rates 2. To monitor the health of the people effectively 3. The information regarding the outbreak of epidemic diseases. 4. Online Consultation 5. Drugs and its replacement.. Conclusion: Gaining in-depth knowledge regarding human health, human rights and role Played by modern technology to the environment.