Housing Dilemma In Industri Dalam

Housing Dilemma in Industri Dalam Bandung Learning from Impermanency and Transitory Condition of the Urban Poor Settlements Complex and contradictory conditions, impermanency and transitions are opportunities for architecture and urbanism. The area of Industri Dalam, Bandung is the perfect site in examining this generative housing issues in urban areas. Its instability and dynamism offer opportunities for architects, urban designers and landscape architects to look beyond products and venture into a more sophisticated process that hopefully will reveal the hidden potentialities of housing settlements of the urban poor. Through the manifold identification of various paradigms in daily life, generating alternative design solutions would offer a sustainable and fair living condition for these marginalized society. This analysis on the condition of the site is hoped to provide a guiding framework in determining strategies and thinking process in the search of this alternative design scheme.

Coretan di dinding membuat resah Resah hati pencoret mungkin ingin tampil Tepi lebih resah pembaca coretannya Sebab coretan di dinding adalah pemberontakan Kucing hitam yang terpojok di tiap tempat sampah Ditiap kota… Cakarnya siap dengan kuku-kuku tajam Matanya menyala mengawasi gerak musuhnya Musuhnya adalah penindas Yang menganggap remeh coretan dinding kota Coretan dinding terpojok di tempat sampah Kucing hitam dan penindas sama-sama resah Iwan Fals & Rachman Tardjana

Urban Fabric and Components Housing

River

Industry Institution

Industry

Housing

Hotel

Housing Train Station

Train Depot

Future Development

Commercial

Settlement Dilemma

Settlement Dilemma: Conflict Between Uses

Relocation Rehabilitation Generic Type Resistance Mitigation Needs Flexible Formative Type Unique Aspiration

Social Condenser

Social Condenser: Interaction Between Neighborhood Robust Neighborhood Responsive Grid System In-Between Spaces Neighborhood Watch Spatial Layering

Utilizing Nature

Utilizing Nature: Exploiting Natural Resources Expanded Natural System Expanded Public Space Strategic Positioning Evolutionary Type Change Expanded Mitigation Use

Urban Void

Urban Void: Potential of Adaptive Re-use

New Public Spaces New Programmes Materials Recycling Renewable Types Open Resources Density Growth Mitigation Uses

Dwelling Composition

Figure Ground Studies

Urban Built Forms

Urban Built Forms

Urban Built Forms

Taxonomy of Existing House Types

LINEAR/ SQUARE

L-TYPE

U-TYPE

COURTYARD

Taxonomy of Existing Non-Housing Base Types

LINEAR/ SQUARE

L-TYPE

U-TYPE

COURTYARD

Vertical Living: Integration or Fragmentation? Cultural Practice Change Expanded Public Space Rehabilitation Expanded Density Configuration Change Isolation or Assimilation Question of Identity

Generic Types of Vertical Housing

LOCAL PHENOMENA

Vertical Living: Learning from Various Types

SILODAM

PEKELILING FLATS

HDB FLATS

KOWLOON WALLED CITY

LINK HYBRID

WOZOCOS

HABITAT MONTREAL

Urban Sprawl: Urgency in Paradigm Shifts Cultural Practice Evolution Reduced Public Space Rehabilitation Relocation Expanded Density Configuration Change Isolation or Assimilation

Generic Types of Landed Housing

LOCAL PHENOMENA

Ground Living: Learning from Various Types

NEW GOURNA VILLAGE

KALI CODE

KAMPUNG IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM

THE MOUNTAIN DWELLINGS

Housing Condition Evaluation

Acceptable Condition

Evaluation Location

Housing Condition Evaluation

Fair Condition

Evaluation Location

Housing Condition Evaluation

Bad Condition

Evaluation Location

Housing Condition Evaluation

Unfit Condition

Evaluation Location

Non-Housing Condition Evaluation

Good Condition These non-housing structures (a mosque, a crematory and a non-functioning furniture factory) around the site are still in good structural condition. These urban components are potentials for positive redevelopment strategies (re-use, function change, renewable types development, etc.). These existing components may be utilized to resist the generic urban growth development type.

Non-Housing Condition Evaluation

Fair, Bad, Unfit Conditions The existing elementary school that has been serving the community for a long time is being seen as one of the most important components in regenerating this housing area. Its fairly but not-socomfortable condition require some intervention. An old building structure that is being used as a motorcycle workshop might have the potential to be further develop for generating a healthy society, economically and socially. The almost dilapidated condition of an old and abandoned textile factory can be a new strength for the area of Industri Dalam, provided a good adaptive re-use strategy is implemented.

Material Analysis: Making Use of Local Resources CURRENT USE

SUITABILITY FOR NEW INTERVENTIONS

SUSTAINABILITY

What are Being Used?

New Structures

Capacity Building

Conventional materials; brick, concrete, zinc sheets, polycarbonate, fiber sheets, timber structures and panels, etc.

What Can Be Produced Locally? Materials produced from locally available resources; stones, brick, recycled wastes, earth, hybridized reused materials, etc. What are the Society’s Preferences? Materials that they know how to work with and cheap. Flexible materials for easy structural and building infill alteration.

Easily produced from local resources in large quantity. Strong and durable.

Rehabilitation Flexible materials for quick construction and easy erection process.

Relocation Flexible materials for quick construction and easy erection process.

To encourage usage of locally produced materials to help in the capacity building of the community.

Easy to Get + Easy to Use Conventional and standard materials shall be used to anticipate any new additional structures, built in the concept of self-help housing.

Safety and Life Span Self-resistance against fire, earthquake and flooding. Strong and durable. Self cleaning properties.

Landscape Analysis

Circulation and Pedestrian Analysis

MOVEMENT

Primary Distributor

District Distributor

Local Distributor

Access Road (Site) Pedestrian

PROPOSED SITE

Railway

CAPACITY Can be Accommodated Safely

Circulation and Pedestrian Strategies

CHARACTER Role of the Street in the Urban Realm and Types of Buildings MOVEMENT

Primary Distributor

District Distributor

Local Distributor

Access Road (Site) Pedestrian

PROPOSED SITE

Railway

Proposed Pedestrian

Proposed Access Within Site

Vegetation Analysis and Strategies

VEGETATION

Proposed Greenbelt

PROBLEMS Less Vegetation and Lack of Sound Barrier Support

OBJECTIVE Incorporated into Urban Areas as Part of the Integrated Landscape Landscape Urbanism Strategies Recreational Usage

Polluted River and Ecosystem

Lack of Riparian Vegetation

Riparian Vegetation Strategies

The Three-Zone Buffer Concept Provides a Framework For the Establishment and Maintenance of a Long-Term Riparian Buffer

(

The width of a riparian forest buffer is site specific and dependant on the landowner’s objectives.

)

Bad Drainage and Water Reticulation System

Drainage

Create Percolation Tank/Above Ground tank Provide Green Open Space Create Seepage Well

Rain Garden Strategy

Reducing and Filtering Surface Water Run-off on Urban Context

Waste Disposal Problem

Topography Analysis

Legend

Slope Analysis

Legend 0%- 5% 5% - 30% > 30%

Slope Requirements and Guidelines for Various Land Uses

LAND USE

MAXIMUM

MINIMUM

OPTIMUM

House Sites

20-25%

0%

2%

Playground

2-3%

0,05%

1%

Public Stairs

50%

-

25%

Lawns (Mowed)

25%

-

2-3%

Septic Drain Fields

15% *

0%

0,05%

Parking Lots

3%

0,05%

1%

Sidewalks

10%

0%

1%

Streets and Roads

15-17%

-

1%

Factory Sites

3-4%

0%

2%

10 to 12 percent

Lay Down Storage

3%

0,05%

1%

Guideline Resource:

Parking

3%

0,05%

1%

Paved Surfaces

Industrial Sites *Special drainfield designs are required at slopes above

William M. Marsh, Landscape Planning Environmental Application

Soil Condition Pumiceous Tuff: Tuffaceous Sand, Lapilli, Bombs, Scoriaceous Lava, Angular Fragments of Dense Andesite-Basalt, Many Pumice Fragments, mostly from Gunung Tangkubanparahu and Gunung Tampomas.

Alluvial Fan Composition: Sand, Silt, Clay with Fraction Pebbles and Cobbles, Markedly Stratified and Highly Heterogeneous Drainage: Variable; Upper Portions May be Well Drained, Lower Portions May be Very Poor Owning to Groundwater.

Local Climate - Temperature

Month January February March April May June July August September October November December

Low

High

24 23 24 24 24 23 23 23 24 24 24 24

30 31 32 32 32 32 32 33 34 34 33 32

Low Temperature High Temperature

Local Climate - Precipitation

Month

Precipitation

January February March April May June July August September October November December

27.41 24.53 24.46 19.45 7.79 5.58 1.73 0.79 1.87 7.59 19.89 24.5

Precipitation Level

Local Climate - Humidity

Month January February March April May June July August September October November December

Humidity 90 85 75 75 75 65 75 60 45 65 75 85

Humidity

Local Climate - Wind Flow

Month

Wind

January February March April May June July August September October November December

3.61 3.67 2.83 3.15 4.28 4.77 5.64 5.65 4.96 3.76 3.19 2.89

Wind Flow

Local Climate - Wet Days

Month January February March April May June July August September October November December

Wet Days 18.6 16 17.3 16.7 14.7 12.5 9.6 9.3 9.5 12.7 17.7 19.3

Wet Days

Local Climate - Clear Day

Month January February March April May June July August September October November December

Clear Day 0.4 0.43 0.48 0.51 0.54 0.55 0.57 0.59 0.59 0.54 0.48 0.45

Clear Day

Local Climate - Sun Path Diagram

Sun Path

Today June 21 December 21 Annual Variation Equinox (March and September) Sunrise/ Sunset

Sunrise Sunset Time

00-02 03-05 06-08 09-11 12-14 15-17 18-20 21-23

Local Climate - Sunrise, Sunset, Dawn and Dusk Time Graph

Darkness

Dawn

Sunshine

Dusk

Landscaping Potentials and Strategies

Strengthening Social Activities Development Potential

Allocation for Economic Activities

Empowering the Urban Poor Community

Socio-cultural Poverty Structural SOCIAL STIGMA

Phenomenal Marginalized Community

Psychological

DESIGNERS’ INTERVENTION

Design Strategies

Social Movement Strategies

(Physical)

(Process)

END