Hiv Research Paper.docx

HIV: Causes, Prevention, Treatment and Care S.Y (2018-2019)

A research paper presented To: Roxsan B. Bracho By: Irene B. Magbanau Renalyn P. Suminod Joan Campos Avelino Cahucom

A Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements In English of Grade 10 Mabini

CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND SCOPE Introduction The first causes or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were reported in the United States in the spring of 1981. By 1983 the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the virus that causes AIDS, had been isolated. Early in the U.S HIV/AIDS pandemic, the role of substance abuse in the spread of AIDS was clearly established. Injection drug use (IDU) was identified as a direct route of HIV infection and transmission among injection drug users. The largest group of early AIDS causes comprised gay and bisexual men (referred to as men who have sex with men (or MSMS). Early cases of HIV infection that were sexually transmitted often where related to the use of alcohol and other substance, and the majority of these cases occurred in Urban, educated, with MSMS. Currently injection drug users represent the largest HIV-infected substance-abusing population in the United States. HIV/AIDS prevalence rates among injection drug users vary by geographic region, with the highest rates in surveyed substance abuse treatment centers in the Northeast, the South, and Puerto Rico. From July 1998 through June 1999, 23 percent of all AIDS cases reported were among men and women who reported IDU (Centers for Disease Control) and Prevention [CDC], 1999). IDU practice were quick and efficient vehicles for HIV transmission. The virus is transmitted primarily through the exchange of blood using needles, syringes, or other IDU equipment (e. g, cookers, rinse water, cotton) that were previously used by an HIV-infected person. Lack of knowledge about safer needle use techniques and the lack of alternatives to needle sharing (e. g, available supplies of clean, new needles) contribute to the rise of HIV/AIDS. Another route of HIV transmission among injection drug users is through sexual contacts within relatively closed sexual networks, which are characterized by multiple sex partners, unprotected sexual intercourse, and exchange of sex for money (Friedman et.al, 1995). The inclusion of alcohol and

other non injection substances to this lethal mixture only increases the HIV/AIDS case load (Edlin et.al, 1994, Grella et.al, 1995). A mojor risk factor for HIV/AIDS among injection drugs users is crack use; one study found that crack abusers reported more sexual partners in the last 12 months, more sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in their lifetimes and greater frequency of paying for sex, exchange sex for drugs and having sex with injection drug users (Word and Browser, 1996).

Statement of the problem This study is conducted to HIV: Causes, Prevention, Treatment and Care that specifically sought to answer ff. 1. 2. 3. 4.

What is human immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV)? What are the causes of HIV? What are ways of preventing this virus to affect human health? What are caring interventions can be done to ensure the full recovery of an HIV victim?

Significance of the study The study was designed to know the causes, prevention, treatment and care of Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The result of study could serve as to remind to make us aware that HIV can affect the immune system body. We can also gain some knowledge on how to avoid this virus. This study also given an idea that a Human Immunodeficiency Virus is a most scared disease because there no cure. And also to give an information to the people about HIV.

Scope and Limitation This study focus on the causes, prevention, treatment and care if HIV. It is opportunity to get some information about HIV to give on information to others.

Operational Definition of Terms For easy understanding the ff. terms were defined conceptually and operationally. HIV/AIDS – a disease in which there is a sincere loss of the body cellular, greatly lowering the resistance to infection and malignancy. Virus - is a large group of submicros copic infection agent that are usually regarded as nonliving extremely complex molecules that typically contain protein coat surrounding an RNA and DNA core for genetic material but no semipermeable membrane that are capable of growth and multiplication only living cells and that cause various important diseases in humans, animals and plants.

IDU - a method of illicit drug use. The drugs are injected directly into the body into a vein, into a muscle or under the skin – with a needle and syringe. Blood borne viruses, including HIV and hepatitis can be transmitted via shared needles or other drug injection equipment. Human immune system – the bodily system that protects the body from foreign substances, cells and tissues by producing thr immune response and that include especially the thymus, spleen, lymph, special deposits of lympiad tissue. Cells – a lymphocyle of a type processed by thymus gland and actively participating in the response.

CHAPTER III INTERPRETATION OF DATA HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. It is the virus that can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or AIDS, if not treated. Unlike some others viruses, the human body can’t get rid HIV completely even with treatment. So once you get HIV you hate it for life. HIV is dangerous and hazardous virus because if you are infected this kind of virus, your lifetime will be shorten and this syndrome have no medical to cure, once you are infected this virus will suffer hardly until you will lead to die. HIV gets from those people who also infected this kind of virus. HIV is caused by a virus. It can spread through sexual contact or blood or from mother to child pregnancy, childbirth or breast-feeding. This virus is too dangerous because there no cure to heal this kind of diseases. But you can avoid this by not having sex with the man/woman that already an HIV. HIV is spread contact with blood or sexual fluids, usually during vaginal and anal sex. So the only 100% certain way to avoid HIV is to not have vaginal or anal sex to prevent this virus to affect human health. This virus have no cure so you have to avoid having sex with people, the sexual fluids that spread during your sexual intercon may cuased you to have HIV. HIV is the most scared virus because you can have into your entire life. If doesn’t have an antidote just like we see in the movie. So once you have it you can’t return it until you die. No effective cure currently exist, but with proper medical care, HIV can be controlled. Antiretroviral therapy can help to slowly spread virus in human body it taken the right way, every day this medicines can dramatically prolong the lives of many people infected with HIV, keep them healthy, and greatly lower their chance of infecting others.

This virus doesn’t have cure so you need take care yourself. If you want the virus to slowly spread you need to undergo Antiretroviral therapy this therapy can’t cure the virus but it can help to control the virus to slowly spread in your immune system.