Hidronefrosis

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Hidronefrosis Sagiran Bagian Bedah FK UMY

PENGERTIAN • Hydronephrosis is distention and dilation of the renal pelvis, usually caused by obstruction of the free flow of urine from the kidney. • Hydronephrosis is a condition that occurs with a disease and is not a disease itself.

ETIOLOGI

• acute bilateral obstructive urop

• chronic bilateral obstructive uro • vesicoureteric reflux • uteropelvic junction obstruction • posterior ureteral valves • neurogenic bladder • bladder outlet obstruction • prune belly syndrome

PENYEBAB JEPITAN

BATU DI MUARA URETER

SUBPELVIC STENOSIS

DERAJAT • • • •

CUPPING FLATTENING CLUBING BALOONING

GEJALA • • • • • • • •

Flank pain Abdominal mass Nausea and vomiting Urinary tract infection Fever Dysuria Increased urinary frequency Increased urinary urgency

PEMERIKSAAN IMAGE • Intravenous pyelogram (IVP) • Isotope renography (radio-isotope scan of the kidneys) • Ultrasound of the kidneys or abdomen • CT scan of the kidneys or • Abdominal MRI

TERAPI • A ureteral stent (tube that allows the ureter to drain into the bladder) • A nephrostomy tube (allows the blocked urine to drain through the back) • Antibiotics for infections

Contoh Kasus Hidronefrosis karena batu ureter • • •

• •



Tn. Sudarto, 50 tahun, NRM 297-42-89, MRS 6-12-2005 ANAMNESIS Perut kiri bagian bawah terasa nyeri sejak 1,5 bulan , hilang timbul, menjalar. riwayat hematuria (+) 1,5 bulan yang lalu.riwayat nyeri pinggang kiri (+) 2,5 bulan yang lalu hilang timbul, passing stone (-), badan panas (-). BAK nyeri (-). DM (-), HT (-) PEMERIKSAAN FISIK Pada pemeriksaan fisik : keadaan baik, komposmentis, gizi baik, TD 120/80 mmHg, N 80 x/mnt, R 20 x/mnt, S 36 0C konjungtiva tak pucat, sklera tak ikterik. Paru sonor, bronkovesikuler, ronkhi tidak ada. Bunyi jantung I-II murni murmur tidak ada, gallop tidak ada. Abdomen tak membuncit, lemas, Nyeri (-), bising usus (+) Normal. Ekstremitas edema tidak ada. Status urologi : sudut kostovertebra kanan tidak ada massa, nyeri tekan, dan nyeri ketok, sudut kostovertebra kiri tidak ada massa, nyeri tekan, dan nyeri ketok, Supra simfisis : tidak teraba massa, tidak ada nyeri tekan, kesan buli-buli kosong, GE : oue tidak sempit, indurasi(-), Discharge (-), prostat teraba simetris, kenyal, nodul (-), TBP 20 gram, Scrotum: kedua testis teraba normal.

Kasus (lanjutan) • •

• • • • • • •

PEMERIKSAAN TAMBAHAN Laboratorium: Hemoglobin 14,3 g/dL; Hematokrit 41%; Lekosit 9100 /µL; Trombosit 263.000/µL; Ureum 26 mg/dL; kreatinin 1,7 mg/dL;Asam urat 7 mg/dL Urinalisis: BJ 1.025, PH 5.0, Leukosit 24 /LPB, Eritrosit 0-1/LPB, Bakteri (-). Epitel(+), kultur (-) BNO : tampak bayangan radioopaque di pelvis minor kiri uk 3x5mm IVP : delayed function bilateral, HN kiri USG : bayangan batu di pole atau ginjal kiri DIAGNOSIS Batu ureter distal kiri + delayed function ginjal bilateral + Hidronefrosis kiri PENATALAKSANAAN Pada 8-12-2005 dilakukan URS dan pasang DJ stent kiri. Pasien pulang tanggal 9-12-2005 dan disarankan BNO kontrol 1 minggu lagi dan kontrol di Poliklinik Urologi, pasien direncanakan untuk aff DJ stent 1 bulan pasca operasi.

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