Helminths > Cestoda > Echinococus

Morphology

Diagnosis

Lifecycle

Epidemiology

Symptom

Prevention

1. Morphology

1. Adult Scolex neck Immature S. Mature S.

Gravid S.

2. Egg The same as the egg of tapeworm Egg shell Embryophore onchosphere

A complete egg

3. Larva: Hydatid cyst Fibrous layer Germinal layer Daughter cyst Grand D. cyst Protoscolex Brood cyst Fluid Mother cyst

Hydatid cyst

Daughter cysts in mother cyst

Daughter cysts

Protoscolex

Protoscolex

With scolex inside body

With head stretch out

Life cycle

Life cycle Adult

G. Segment

Egg Hydatid cyst

Onchosphere

Difficulties • Definitive host: • Intermediate host: • Human is

host of this worm

• Infective host: • Modes of infection:

Symptom

In early stage, no symptoms and signs Several years after infection, symptoms appear • H. cyst in the liver: hepatomegaly, hepatic pain, jaundice, ascites, emaciation,etc • H. cyst in the lungs: cough, chest pain, shortness of breath, bloody sputum,etc • H. cyst in the brain: headache, nausea, vomiting, epilepsy, hemiplegia, nervous disorder,etc.

H. Cyst in the liver

H. Cyst in the lungs

H. Cysts in the brain

Results of cracking of hydatid cyst • Transfer of hydatid cyst • Allergic reaction • Difficult breath • Inflammation

Diagnosis

Epidemiology 1. Distribution • Throughout the world, especially in pastoral area • In China, mainly in Xinjiang, Tibet, Inner Mongolia, Qinghai and Gansu province • The workers making clothes with leathers of sheep

2. Factors for endemic of hydatiasis • Grass polluted with feces of dogs • Feed dogs with mutton with hydatid cysts • Human close contact with dogs and sheep • Make leather with fur of sheep • Pay little attention to personal hygiene.

Treatment and prevention 1. Treat the patients

• Surgical removal • Medicine : Albendazole, Mebendazole 2. Drive the adults in dogs Preziquantel, twice a year 3. Not feed dogs with raw offal 4. Healthy Education to people in endemic area

Surgical removal of H. cyst

Surgical removal of H. cyst

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