Helminths > Cestoda > Taenia
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- Words: 641
- Pages: 44
Morphology
1. Adult
scolex neck Immature segments Mature segments strobilus Gravid segments
2. Egg of tapeworm Egg shell Embryophore onchosphere
a complete egg
An incomplete egg
Egg of tapeworm
Egg shell
A complete egg
An incomplete egg
3. Larva: Cysticercus • Milk white, semitransparent, oval • 8~10 mm long, like a bean in size • Bladder-like, having a cyst wall, is filled with fluid. • Inside the bladder, there is a scolex
Life cycle
Life Cycle 60-70 d
Adult Human
Gravid S. feces
egg Pig O.
Man Adult C.
man
taeniasis O.
Life span: 25 years
2-3 m
C. cycticercosis
Important points 1 Human is the host and host. 2 Adults live in ,while cycticerci live in . 3 Infective stage: 3 Modes of infection ： 4 Pig is the host of this worm.
Symptoms
1.Adult Taeniasis The adults cause irritation to intestinal wall with their hooklets and suckers. Abdominal discomfort, loss of appetite and weight, finding of gravid segments. 2. Larva Cysticercosis
Clinic types of cysticercosis • Subcutaneous or muscular type nodi in subcutis (oval, movable, no tenderness). Weakness, loss of energy, slight pain, false enlarged muscle, etc. • Cerebral type nausea, vomiting, headache, epilepsy, hemeplegia, mental disorder, etc.
• Ocular type: usually found in the deep part of eyes (vitreous body, subretinal space,etc), visual disturbance, itching, pain, etc. When dead, the larva cause inflammation of eyes and then make loss of sight.
3 modes of infection with cysticercosis • Eggs inside the body of the same patient • Eggs outside the body of the same patient • Eggs from another patient with teaniasis
Diagnosis
Difference between T. solium and T. saginata 1 Morphology ： 2 Life cycle ： Intermediate host: cattle,sheep and camel,etc Infective stage: egg
3. Symptoms Taeniasis saginata: similar to taeniasis solium. No cysticercosis siginata in man, the gravid segment can get out of the anus actively. itching of anus, finding of gravid S. in feces or near the anus outside human body. 4. Diagnosis
Epidemiology
1. Distribution • Both the tapeworms distributed worldwide, mainly in Europe, Mid America and India. • T. solium ： mainly in north, east-north, west-north China, Yunnan, and Guangxi province. • T. saginata ： mainly in Xinjiang, Inner Mongonia, Tibet 、 Yunnan and Guizhou province,etc.
2. Factors for endemic •Environmental contamination by feces •Improper method for raising pigs and grazing cattle •Ingestion or cooking of meat in unreasonable way •Poor conditions of sanitation •Bad personal habits
Treatment and prevention 1. Treat patients Taeniasis: Chinese herb medicine( Pumpkin seed and Areca nut), Praziquantel. Cysticercosis: Treatment methods are chosen depending on the clinic types. Surgical methods and chemicals (praziquantel)
2. Promote management of washing room, resource of water, prevent contamination of pasture by feces. 3. Strictly inspect pork and beef on sale 4. Strengthen healthy education
Scolex of T. solium Sucker Hooklet
back
Mature segment of T. solium testes uterus ovary
back
Gravid segment Uterus: 7~13 branches on each side
back
Embryophore of tape worm egg
back
Cysticerci of T. solium in pork
Cysticercus of T. solium
Structure of Cysticercus
Cyst wall Fluid Scolex
Back
Life cycle Life cycle Patient
Back
Subcutaneous type
False enlarged muscles back
Ocular cysticercosis
Ocular cysticercosis
back
Morphological difference T. solium
T. saginata
Lenth
2~4 m
4~8 m
Strobilus
700~1000 S.
1000-2000 S.
Scolex M. S.
spherical,having 4 suckers
squirical having 4
and hooklets
suckers, no hooklets
Ovary: 3 lobes
Ovary: 2 lobes
T. solium G. S.
T. saginata
Uterus: 7~13 branches Uterus: 15~30
Cysticercus having hooklets in
having no
the scolex,
hooklets
cause cysticercosis
not live in man
back
Scolex of two tapeworm ：
sucker hooklet
T. solium
T. saginata back
testes uterus ovary
Mature S. of T. solium
Mature S. of T. saginata back
G. S. of T. solium
G. S. of T. saginata back
Life cycle of T. saginata
back
Ingestion of raw meat
back
back
1. Adult
scolex neck Immature segments Mature segments strobilus Gravid segments
2. Egg of tapeworm Egg shell Embryophore onchosphere
a complete egg
An incomplete egg
Egg of tapeworm
Egg shell
A complete egg
An incomplete egg
3. Larva: Cysticercus • Milk white, semitransparent, oval • 8~10 mm long, like a bean in size • Bladder-like, having a cyst wall, is filled with fluid. • Inside the bladder, there is a scolex
Life cycle
Life Cycle 60-70 d
Adult Human
Gravid S. feces
egg Pig O.
Man Adult C.
man
taeniasis O.
Life span: 25 years
2-3 m
C. cycticercosis
Important points 1 Human is the host and host. 2 Adults live in ,while cycticerci live in . 3 Infective stage: 3 Modes of infection ： 4 Pig is the host of this worm.
Symptoms
1.Adult Taeniasis The adults cause irritation to intestinal wall with their hooklets and suckers. Abdominal discomfort, loss of appetite and weight, finding of gravid segments. 2. Larva Cysticercosis
Clinic types of cysticercosis • Subcutaneous or muscular type nodi in subcutis (oval, movable, no tenderness). Weakness, loss of energy, slight pain, false enlarged muscle, etc. • Cerebral type nausea, vomiting, headache, epilepsy, hemeplegia, mental disorder, etc.
• Ocular type: usually found in the deep part of eyes (vitreous body, subretinal space,etc), visual disturbance, itching, pain, etc. When dead, the larva cause inflammation of eyes and then make loss of sight.
3 modes of infection with cysticercosis • Eggs inside the body of the same patient • Eggs outside the body of the same patient • Eggs from another patient with teaniasis
Diagnosis
Difference between T. solium and T. saginata 1 Morphology ： 2 Life cycle ： Intermediate host: cattle,sheep and camel,etc Infective stage: egg
3. Symptoms Taeniasis saginata: similar to taeniasis solium. No cysticercosis siginata in man, the gravid segment can get out of the anus actively. itching of anus, finding of gravid S. in feces or near the anus outside human body. 4. Diagnosis
Epidemiology
1. Distribution • Both the tapeworms distributed worldwide, mainly in Europe, Mid America and India. • T. solium ： mainly in north, east-north, west-north China, Yunnan, and Guangxi province. • T. saginata ： mainly in Xinjiang, Inner Mongonia, Tibet 、 Yunnan and Guizhou province,etc.
2. Factors for endemic •Environmental contamination by feces •Improper method for raising pigs and grazing cattle •Ingestion or cooking of meat in unreasonable way •Poor conditions of sanitation •Bad personal habits
Treatment and prevention 1. Treat patients Taeniasis: Chinese herb medicine( Pumpkin seed and Areca nut), Praziquantel. Cysticercosis: Treatment methods are chosen depending on the clinic types. Surgical methods and chemicals (praziquantel)
2. Promote management of washing room, resource of water, prevent contamination of pasture by feces. 3. Strictly inspect pork and beef on sale 4. Strengthen healthy education
Scolex of T. solium Sucker Hooklet
back
Mature segment of T. solium testes uterus ovary
back
Gravid segment Uterus: 7~13 branches on each side
back
Embryophore of tape worm egg
back
Cysticerci of T. solium in pork
Cysticercus of T. solium
Structure of Cysticercus
Cyst wall Fluid Scolex
Back
Life cycle Life cycle Patient
Back
Subcutaneous type
False enlarged muscles back
Ocular cysticercosis
Ocular cysticercosis
back
Morphological difference T. solium
T. saginata
Lenth
2~4 m
4~8 m
Strobilus
700~1000 S.
1000-2000 S.
Scolex M. S.
spherical,having 4 suckers
squirical having 4
and hooklets
suckers, no hooklets
Ovary: 3 lobes
Ovary: 2 lobes
T. solium G. S.
T. saginata
Uterus: 7~13 branches Uterus: 15~30
Cysticercus having hooklets in
having no
the scolex,
hooklets
cause cysticercosis
not live in man
back
Scolex of two tapeworm ：
sucker hooklet
T. solium
T. saginata back
testes uterus ovary
Mature S. of T. solium
Mature S. of T. saginata back
G. S. of T. solium
G. S. of T. saginata back
Life cycle of T. saginata
back
Ingestion of raw meat
back
back
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