Understanding Hajj
The Story of Hajj and ‘Umrah
Hajj Made Simple Saeed Shaikh ss: 22 Nov 09
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Understanding Hajj
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HAJJ
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Understanding Hajj
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Chant of : Talbiah
Understanding Hajj
Labbaik, Allahumma labbaik, labbaika la shareeka laka labbaik, innal hamda wanne'matah laka wal mulk, la shareeka laka Here I am, O Allah! Here I am; Here I am, there is no partner unto You, Here I am; all praise and favors and sovereignty belongs to You, there is no partner unto You. ss: 22 Nov 09
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Background of Hajj
Understanding Hajj
Adam and Eve •The symbolism of Hajj goes way back to the beginning to Adam, the first man •The story begins with a small mountain in the plain of Arafat which is known as the Mount of Mercy •It was here Adam and Eve were forgiven for their sins •For Muslims to be on that mountain on one of the days of Hajj is important and a main part of the Hajj ritual ss: 22 Nov 09
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Background of Hajj
Understanding Hajj
Ibrahim •The second most important moment celebrated by Hajj is the occasion when the loyalty of Ibrahim was put to the test •Irahim had vowed to sacrifice everything in his life to Allah •He took his son to a place called Mina to sacrifice him but on the way he had to pelt satan 3 times to leave him alone as Satan was telling Ibrahim not to follow what Allah had told him •Allah was so pleased with Ibrahim and his willingness to sacrifice his son ss: 22 Nov 09
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Background of Hajj
Understanding Hajj
Ibrahim •A ram was placed where Ibrahim’s son stood and later on the ram was slaughtered •This day is an important day in Hajj and for all Muslims around the world •This day is known as Eid-Al-Adha (Eid of Sacrifice) •On this day Muslims around the world sacrifice an animal and feed it to poor people • ss: 22 Nov 09
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What’s Hajj?
Understanding Hajj
Hajj is a command of Allah (SWT) Hajj is a visit to the Kabah in Makkah during the 12th month of the Islamic calendar, i.e. Dhul-Hijjah Hajj is an act of ‘Ibadah (worship) to please Allah (SWT) A Muslim tries to make pilgrimage at least once in a lifetime Hajj is the fifth pillar (basic duty) of Islam
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Hajj: Definition
Understanding Hajj
الحج لغة: قصد الش ًء المعظم وإت ٌانه
•Literally: "Hajj" means heading for an honorable person or place. •
وشرعا: ف وقت مخصوص،ت الحرام والمشاعر العظام وإت ٌانها ٌ قصد الب، وهوالصفة المعلومة ف الشرع،على وجه مخصوص
•Legally: Hajj means worshipping Allah by performing the Hajj rituals, which are defined as specific acts Sample performed at a specific time and place and in a specific way.
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What’s the Kabah?
Understanding Hajj
Kabah is the House of Allah (SWT ) in the city of Makkah in Saudi Arabia It is a large cube-shaped building covered with a large black cloth with gold Arabic, Qur’anic calligraphy Muslims must face towards the Kabah at the time of prayer. This direction is called the Qiblah.
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Who built the Kabah?
Understanding Hajj
It was first built by the first prophet Adam (A) It was rebuilt by the Prophets Ibrahim (A) and his son Ismail (A) It is the first house built on earth to worship Allah and has been made larger over the years During Hajj, Muslims from all over the world gather together in Makkah
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Obligation:Hajj & ‘Umrah
Understanding Hajj
ً م ٰبَر َ ّن ا َو ن َۚۚ ْ مي َ ّ س َلـل ّذِىْ ب ِب َك ِ َ دى ل ّل ْ ٰعل ِ ّت و ٍ ْ ل ب َي ً ُكا وّه ّ ِا ُ ة ِ ضعَ ِللّنا َ َ ست َ ّ َ خ ل َ ٗه ۢ ٌ فِي ْهِ ٰا ٰي َطاع َ َن د ِ س ِ ْ ج ال ْب َي ِ ن ٰا ّ ح َ كا ُ مَقا ْ نا َ ت َ َم و َ ْ م ا ِب ْ ٰرهِي ّ ت ٌ ت ب َي ّٰن ْ م ِ م ِ من ًؕا وَل ِ ٰلهِ عَلى الّنا ن ِ َ ن ال ْ ٰعل ّ ِ ن ك ََفَر فَا َ ِا ِل َي ْه َ ّ ن ال ٰل َ َسب ِي ًْل و َ ْ مي ْ م ِ َى ع ّ ِ ه غَن
The first House (of worship) appointed for men was that at Bakka: Full of blessing and of guidance for all kinds of beings. In it are Signs Manifest; (for example), the Station of Abraham; whoever enters it attains security; Pilgrimage thereto is a duty men owe to Allah, those who can afford the journey; but if any deny faith, Allah stands not in need of any of His creatures (3: 96-97).
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Is ‘Umrah Mandatory?
Understanding Hajj
َ ّ ِ مَرةَ ل ل ّ ح َ ْ موا ال ْ ُج َوال ْع ّ ِ وَأت
And complete the Hajj and ‘Umrah in the service of Allah (2: 196)
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Proper Respect for Hajj
Understanding Hajj
For Hajj are the months well known. If any one undertakes that duty therein, Let there be no obscenity, nor wickedness, nor wrangling in the Hajj. And whatever good ye do, (be sure) Allah knows it. And take a provision (With you) for the journey, Sample but the best of provisions is right conduct. So fear Me, o ye that are wise (2:197) ss: 22 Nov 09
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Proper Respect for Hajj
Understanding Hajj
َ م ب ِ شعَا ٓٮ َِٕر ال ٰل ّهِ فَا ِن َّها ْ ّ ن ي ّعَظ َ َٰذِلك و ِ ْوى ال ُْقل ُو َ ن ت َْق ْ م ْ م
Such : and whoever holds in honor the symbols of Allah, such (honor) is an indication of the piety of hearts (22:32) Sample
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Meanings of Hajj
Understanding Hajj
• Submission and Servitude • Making the efforts • Spending wealth earned from Halal means • Cooperation • Knowing others Sample • Sabr when harmed
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Obligatory Requirements
Understanding Hajj
•Islam •Bulugh (reached age of puberty) •A’ql •Istita’ah (financial and physical abilities) Sample
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Obligations for a Woman
Understanding Hajj
•The requirement of a Mahram •Bulugh (reached age of puberty) •A’ql Sample
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Attitude during Hajj
Understanding Hajj
• Halal means • Departing from useless talks (Rafath, Jidal, laghu, etc.) let alone Haram ones • Humbleness and avoiding excessive ornaments • Volunteering additional ‘Ibadah and sacrifice when appropriate • To be pleased with difficulty, spending and sacrificing Sample
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Excellence of ‘Umrah & Hajj
Understanding Hajj
صلى الله عليه وسلم
عن أبي هريرة أن رسول الله :صلى الله عليه وسلم قال العمرة إلى العمرة كفارة لما بينهما والحج المبرور ليس له جزاء إل الجنة. ( ) البخاري ومسلم Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet ( سمعت صلى:قال عن أبي هريرة )الله عليه وسلمsaid: "Whoever النبي صلى الله عليه و سلم performs hajj and does not commit any ج فلم يرفث ولم ّ من ح:يقول obscenity nor commit any evil, will return as sinless as a new-born child." .يفسق رجع كيوم ولدته أمه [Bukhari and Muslim] ) ) لفظ البخاري Sample من أتى هذا البيت:و لفظ مسلم فلم يرفث ولم يفسق رجع كيوم ولدته أمه. The Prophet ( ) said: “‘Umrah is an expiation for the sins committed between it and the previous ‘Umrah; and the reward of Hajj Mabrur.” [Bukhari and Muslim] (i.e., one accepted) is nothing but Jannah
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Excellence of Hajj
Understanding Hajj
عن أبي هريرة رضي الله )صلى الله عليه وسلم :عنه قال ( )صلى الله عليه وسلمreplied: سئل النبي صلى الله عليه “Faith in Allah and His Messenger.” Then he was asked: What is next? He :وسلم أي العمال أفضل قال replied: “Jihad (fighting) in the Cause of Allah.” Then he was asked: What is إيمان بالله ورسوله قيل ثم ماذا after that? He replied: “Hajj Mabrur.” قال جهاد في سبيل الله قيل ثم [Bukhari and Muslim] ماذا قال حج مبرور. Aisha ( )رضي الله عنهاreported that قالت البخاريعنها رضي الله ( ومسلم ) عن عائشة she said: "O Messenger of Allah! We قلت يا رسول الله نرى: consider jihad as the best deed. Should we not fight in Allah's Cause?" He أفل، الجهاد أفضل العمال ( )صلى الله عليه وسلمreplied: لكن أفضل:نجاهد ؟ فقال “For you (women) the best jihad: Hajj Sample حج مبرور،الجهاد. Mabrur.” [Bukhari] ( ) البخاري The Prophet ( was asked: Which deed is the best?'' He
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Excellence of Hajj
Understanding Hajj
)رضي الله عنهاreported, Allah's قالت:عن ابن المسيب قال Messenger ()صلى الله عليه وسلم عائشة said: “There is no day when Allah sets أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه free more servants from Hell Fire than the Day of Arafah. He draws near, then ما من يوم أكثر :وسلم قال praises them to the angels, saying: من أن يعتق الله فيه عبدا من What do these seek?” [Muslim] النار من يوم عرفة وإنه ليدنو ثم يباهي بهم الملئكة َ اللهِأرادَقا Abdullah reported that the Prophet (هؤلء صلى :ل ْ ن عَب فيقولدِ ما ْ . َع ُ سو َ َقا )الله عليه وسلمsaid: “Alternate َ ه ِل الله ْ علي ُ ل َر ُ صلى )الل َ ( ِمسلمه between Hajj and Umrah, for these two ِمَرة ّ ح َ ْ ن ال َ َو ْ ُج َوال ْع َ سل َ ْ َتاب ُِعوا ب َي:م remove poverty and obliterate sins just as the blacksmith's bellows removes all ما بك فَِإنه ِ ما َين َ فَيان الفقَر َوالذنو َ َ ُ impurities from metals like iron, gold Sample كيُر َ َ َ خب ِ ح ِ ْ في ال ِ َين َ ث ال and silver. The reward for Hajj Mabrur is ِ ديد nothing short of Paradise.” ْ س ل ِل ج ح ِ ب َوال ّ َ ّ ف َ ْ ضةِ َولي ِ ََوالذه [Nasaee and Tirmidhee] ة ِ جن َ ْ ن ال َ ب ُدو ٌ وا َ ال. َ َ مب ُْرور ث ( ) النسائي والترمذي Aisha (
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Goal: Hajj Mabrur
Understanding Hajj
•Hajj Mabrur (an accepted Hajj) is: •A Hajj performed with the intention of seeking Allah's pleasure only (complete sincerity) •A Hajj free of sin; i.e. conducted with full obedience to Allah ()سبحانه وتعالى •A Hajj performed in accordance to the Sample Sunnah of the Prophet ()صلى الله عليه وسلم
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•A Hajj which is not followed by disobedience
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Types of Hajj
Understanding Hajj
•Tamattu’ ( ) التمتع –Umra then Hajj during the months of Hajj
Hajj
Umra
–Pilgrim called Mutamatti’ ()متمتع –Requires Hady (animal sacrifice) Qiran ( قران ِ ) ال Combined Umra and Hajj during the months of Hajj Pilgrim called Qaarin ()قارن
Umra
Hajj
Requires Hady (animal sacrifice) Ifrad ( ) الفراد Hajj only during the months of Hajj Pilgrim called Mufrid ()مفرد
Sample
Hajj
Does not require Hady
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Preparations for Hajj
Understanding Hajj
cerity entance from all past sins olve outstanding differences and seek forgiveness from others /record all debts e/update your will e sure the wealth to be used for Hajj is from Halal sources ose the company of the righteous rn as much as possible about Hajj and ‘Umrah üFiqh and “how to” üMeanings, spiritual and historical aspects Sample
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Preparations for Hajj
Understanding Hajj
•Memorize some Du’a from Quran and Sunnah •Learn how to pray Salat al-Janaazah (funeral prayer) •Learn the etiquette of visiting the graves •Learn the rulings of Salat as-Safar (traveler’s prayer), and wiping over socks in Wudu •Mental and physical preparation •Medical checkup Sample
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Things to Carry: Essentials
Understanding Hajj
•Ihram towels (for men), if first stop is Makkah •Medication •Money •One credit card for emergencies (don’t keep it with the money) •Travel Belt / Hajj Belt •
Sample
Travel Belt ss: 22 Nov 09
Hajj Belt 27
Things to Carry: Clothing
Understanding Hajj
•Comfortable and modest clothes like Indo-Pak shalwar-qamees as well as the Saudi thoub (a one-piece head-to-toe garment) are ideal and are recommended for men. •Women wear their normal comfortable clothes. Avoid nylon clothing (uncomfortable in hot weather). •Warm jacket, especially for Madinah at Fajr time. •Socks: useful for Tawaf and Sa’ee, except Tawaf al-Qudoom (arrival) and its Sa’ee (for men) when you will be in a state of Ihram. •Slippers/sandals/comfortable shoes. Sample
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Things to Carry: Sleeping
Understanding Hajj
Mainly for the night of Muzdalifah
foam camping mat
fleece blanket/sleeping bag
Sample Inflatable camping
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or
travel pillow
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Things to Carry: Misc
Understanding Hajj
Safety pins for your Ihram garments
Face masks (When not in Ihram)
Eye covers Colored packing tapes
Sample
Tawaf/Sa'y counter beads ss: 22 Nov 09
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Things to Carry: Misc, Cont’d
Understanding Hajj
•Unscented vaseline, band-aids •Travel size toiletries, nail clipper, small scissors, comb •Small flashlight, travel alarm clock, batteries •A bag to carry shoes/slippers while inside the Masjid (in Makkah and Madinah): quite useful •A small bag for pebbles •An empty suitcase, for gifts/items you buy from there •A small MP3 player with Quran recitations and your favorites lectures preloaded Sample •A small book of authentic Du’a
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Things to Carry: Communication
Understanding Hajj
•Cell phones can make communication much easier while in Makkah/ Madinah/ Mina, especially if traveling with relatives. •Cell phone requirements: –GSM –Multi-band (tri-band or quad-band) which include the 900 MHz band. Currently, this is the only frequency working in Saudi Arabia. –SIM-Unlocked •You buy SIM cards (Saudi Telecom or Mobily) from Saudi Arabia. Sample Make sure to turn OFF your phone in the Masjid!
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Things to Carry: Patience!!!
Understanding Hajj
•And keep most of the patience towards the end. That's when you are going to need it the most! •Do not get angry. •You will see a lot of irritating and misguided behavior. Try to change it with wisdom and nice words if you can control yourself; otherwise keep silent. •Ask Allah( )سبحانه وتعالىto help you on that. •Be positive. Hope for the best, but be prepared for the worst. •Have only one concern: will Allah ( )سبحانه وتعالىaccept my Sample Hajj?
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Hajj Calendar
Understanding Hajj Days of Hajj
Months of Hajj •Hijri Calendar: –1. Muharram –2. Safar –3. Rabi’ al-Awwal –4. Rabi’ al-Thani –5. Jumada al-Ula –6. Jumada al-Thani –7. Rajab –8. Shaban –9. Ramadan –10. Shawwal ()شوال –11. Dhul-Qedah (ذو
)القعدة
–12. Dhul-Hijjah (ذو
)الحجة
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All in the 12th month, Dhul-Hijjah: 8th Dhul-Hijjah: day of Tarwiyah ()يوم التروية 9th Dhul-Hijjah: day of Arafah ()يوم عرفة 10th Dhul-Hijjah: day of Nahr ()يوم النحر (Eid) 11th Dhul-Hijjah: 1st day of tashreeq 12th Dhul-Hijjah: 2nd day of tashreeq 13th Dhul-Hijjah: 3rd day of tashreeq
Days of Tashreeq ((أيام التشريق Months of Hajj 34
Ihram
Understanding Hajj
•The state of being in ‘Umrah or Hajj thus abandoning regular routine of life and focusing on the Rites of Hajj or ‘Umrah •The wearing of clothes that are adequate for Ihram
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Ihram
Understanding Hajj
Shoulders Covered
(Except during Tawaf)
1
2
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Ihram
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Understanding Hajj
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Ihram: Prohibitions
Understanding Hajj
•Covering head or wearing clothes or shoes for men •Wearing gloves and Niqabs, Burqas or specially tailored face covering •Haircut or shaving •Clipping nails •Perfumes or colognes • Killing or hunting animals, insects, ants, etc. •Sexual intercourse or acts leading to it •Marriage proposals. •Marriage contracts.
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Travel Supplications
Understanding Hajj
ن وإنا إلى ربنا لمنقلبون ٌ سبحان الذي سخر لنا هذا وما كنا له مقرن
Subhaan alladhee sakhkhara lanaa haadhaa wa maa kunnaa lahoo muqrineen wa innaa ilaa rabbinaa lamunqaliboon.
Glory be to the One who subdued this (vehicle) for us, for we were unable to subdue it. And verily we will return to Sample our Lord. (43:13-14)
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Travel Supplications
Understanding Hajj اللهم إن أسؤلك ف سفري هذا البر والتقوى ومن العمل ما ترضى
Allahumma inni as'aluka fee safari haadhaa al-birra wat-taq-waa wa minal-'amal maa tardaa.
O Allah! Verily, I ask of You in this journey of mine righteousness and piety, and the type of conduct which will please you). اللهم هون عل ٌنا سفرنا هذا واطو عنا بعده
Allahumma hawwin alaynaa safaranaa haadhaa watwi 'anna ba’dah. Sample Oh Allah! Make this journey of ours easy for us and make its distance short.
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Travel Supplications
Understanding Hajj اللهم أنت الصاحب ف السفر والخل ٌفة ف الهل
Allahumma antas-Saahibu fis-safar wal-khaleefatu filahl. O Allah! You are the most important travel companion and representative for the household. اللهم إن أعوذ بك من وعثاء السفر وكآبة المنظر وسوء المنقلب ف المال والهل
Allahumma innee a'oodhu bika min wa'thaa as-safar wa ka'aabatil-mandhar wa sooil-munqalab fil-maali wal-ahl. Oh Allah! Verily, I seek refuge in you from the hardship Sample sights and bad fate in of the journey and depressing my wealth and family.
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Geography of Hajj: Mawaqeet
Understanding Hajj
•Mawaqeet ( ) مواقيتis the plural of Meeqat ( ) ميقات: the geographical boundary that a person intending Hajj or ‘Umrah may not cross without assuming Ihram for Hajj or ‘Umrah, or both. •A Muslim intending Hajj or ‘Umrah who crosses the Meeqat without Ihram must return to the Meeqat and make Ihram from there. If he/she does not return and make Ihram from the Meeqat, then he/she must offer an animal sacrifice (Fidya).
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Geography of Hajj: Mawaqeet
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Understanding Hajj
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The Route of Hujjaj
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Understanding Hajj
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Hajj at a Glance First Day: Put on ihram again, and declare one’s intention of performing Hajj. Perform tawaf of the kabah and sa’y, if not performed earlier and leave for Mina early in the morning. Stay overnight in Mina. This day is known as the day of reflection.
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Understanding Hajj
Second Day: Go to Arafat, stand here with devotion, until sunset, praying and asking God for forgiveness. This day is known as the day of forgiveness. In the evening move to Muzdalifah, rest there at night & collect small pebbles for stoning in Mina.
Third Day: Go to Mina and throw small stones at the satan pillars. Offer sacrifice and have the hair shaved or trimmed. Go to Makkah perform tawaf then return to Mina. This day is known as the day of sacrifice.
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Hajj at a Glance
Understanding Hajj
Fourth day: Stay in Mina and throw pebbles at Satan pillars. This day and the next two days are known as ‘the days of drying meat.’
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Fifth day: Stay in Mina and throw pebbles at Satan pillars. Return the same day to Makkah and perform tawaf, then drink the water of Zamzam. This ends the Hajj. 46
Understanding Hajj
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Understanding Hajj
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Tawaf
Understanding Hajj
• Make Wudu or Ghusl. • Start from the Black Stone or parallel to it. • Kiss it, touch it with hand or stick, or point to it. • Make takbeer at the Black Stone. • Between Yamani Corner and the Black Stone, recite theْ following du’a’: ة وَقَِنا ً َ سن ِ ْ ف ال ً َ سن َ ِخَرة ِ َة و َ ٌَ ن ا ْ ّ ف الد ِ َرب َّنا آت َِنا َ ح َ ح َ َع ب الّناِر َ ذا
“Our Lord! Give us good in this world and good in the Hereafter, and defend us from the torment of the Fire!"
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Tawaf
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Understanding Hajj
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Sa’ee
Understanding Hajj
Note: Safa to Marwah is one lap and Marwah to Safa is the second lap, hence one will commence the Sa’ee at Safa and complete the Sa’ee (seven laps)at Marwah
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Sa’ee
Understanding Hajj •Between the two green pillars, •men are required to run with a slow pace, •Women will not run but walk their usual pace.
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Sa’ee
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Understanding Hajj
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Understanding Hajj
•Do HALQ •(shave the entire head) •or QASR •(trim the hair of the ENTIRE head to the extent of the first joint of the forefinger).
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Understanding Hajj Iraqi Corner
?Maqam Ibraheem
Hijr Isma’eel
m To amza Z
Shami Corner
To Saf a
Black Stone Corner
Sample Yamani Corner
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Understanding Hajj
Road Jamarat Area nnel u T h a y Faysaliy
Makkah Pedestrian Road Tunnel
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Mina
Understanding Hajj
•In Mina perform all Salahs till Fajr (9th ) • •Takbeerat e Tashreeq will commence from this Fajr till the ‘Asr Salah on the 13th. • •First recite the Takbeer, then Talbiyah in the days of hajj. •Here (in Mina) spend time reciting Qur’an and Dhikr. • •Rest •Prepare for the next important Sampleday tomorrow.
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Mina
Understanding Hajj
Pray in Masjid Al-khaif (Mina). It is reported that 70 prophets prayed in this Masjid.
Sample
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Mina
Understanding Hajj
Masjid Bay’at al’Aqabah
Mina – Satellite Picture
Az iz h ia
Roa d Abd
ulA ziz
Ab du lA zi z
Ibn ce Abd ull ah
Masjid Al-Khaif
Ki ng
Mina
Pri n
Kin g
Fah d B rid ge
Jamarat Area (under construction)
d Roa im ais Mu’ Al-
To Makkah
Modern Slaughter House
Ro ad
Sample
Ki ng
Fa hd
Ro ad
Muzdalifah
Wadi Muhassir 59
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Arafah
Understanding Hajj Arrive at Arafah, before Zawal if possible.
Sample
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Some Hotels
Understanding Hajj
Sofitel
Le meridien
t. dS Ajya
d S t. u S s A Ajyad
Tawheed
Elaf Ajyad
Hilton
Sample
Abraj Al-Bait
Ajyad
Elaf Kenda Shohadaa
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Any Questions?
Understanding Hajj
Khairan! ss: 22 Nov 09
Jazakum Allahu
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Understanding Hajj
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