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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

IMPACT OF MOBILE COMMERECE ON YOUNGER GENERATION : A STUDY IN BANGALORE CITY

By L.MEGHASHREE 4th semester MBA Reg. No. 15MB1099

Project report submitted to the University of Mysore in partial fulfillment of the requirement of 4th semester MBA degree examination -2017 Ramaiah Institute Of Management Studies. New BEL Road , M.S.Ramaiah , M.S.R.I.T Post Bangalore -560054

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

STUDENT’S DECLARATION

I L.MEGHASHREE is hereby declare that this project report Titled IMPACT OF MOBILE COMMERECE ON YOUNGER GENERATION: A STUDY IN BANGALORE CITY submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirement for 4th SEMESTER MBA degree examination to the university of Mysore, through Ramaiah institute of management studies , Bangalore 560054 is a record of my original work done by me and has not been submitted previously for the award of any degree/ diploma to any other organization .

Place : Bangalore

L Meghashree

Date :

15MB1099

Ramaiah Institute Of Management Studies

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

GUIDE’S DECLARATION

This is to certify that the project report title “IMPACT OF MOBILE COMMERECE ON YOUNGER GENERATION : A STUDY IN BANGALORE CITY” submitted to the University of Mysore , Mysore in partial fulfillment of 4th Semester MBA Degree Examination -2015, by L.MEGHASHREE bearing Registration No. 15MB1099 has worked under my supervision and guidance . I certify that no part of this Project Report has been submitted earlier to any Department/university for the award of any degree/diploma to the best of my knowledge.

Place: Bangalore

Guide Signature

Date:

Name: Designation:

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

A work like this needs support and encouragement from different sections of various industrialists. This project researcher has taken the help of many personalities like Professors of Business Management and business leaders. Many of them are either working in industries as officers or working as managers and some of them are really business entrepreneurs who have got vast knowledge in many areas. At the very outset this project researcher expresses thanks to the reputed University of Mysore for giving me an opportunity to pursue my MBA Degree and allowed me to submit this work for the award of MBA Degree. Researcher also expresses thanks to Dr. M. R. Pattabhiram, the Hon’ble director of Ramaiah Institute of Management Studies for encouraging me to this work. I also wish to express my sincere thanks to my guide Mr.Vinay.S for encouraging me to do this work by his valuable knowledge and experience in this field. I also wish to record my sincere thanks to the Hon. Dean Dr. Arun Chandra Mudhol for encouragement in writing this report. I owe irredeemable debt to my parents. Further, I wish to record my thanks to Mr.Veda Murthy Librarian , Ramaiah Institute of Management Studies , Bangalore for his patience and timely help.

Date :

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Signature of the Candidate :

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

CONTENTS

Chapter

Particulars

No.

Page No.

1.

Introduction And Review Of Literature

1-17

2.

Theoretical aspects of Mobile Commerce

18-34

3.

Analysis Of Data

35-76

4.

Observations Or Discussions

77-80

5.

Findings, Suggestions and Conclusion

81-84

6.

Bibliography and Appendices

85-91

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation List of tables Table No.

Title of the Table

Page No.

3.1

Table showing number of respondents

37

3.2

Table showing purpose of using mobile commerce

39

3.3

Table showing number of respondents

41

3.4

Table showing prominent domain

43

3.5

Table showing implementation of M-Commerce in India

45

3.6

Table showing future of M-Commerce in India

47

3.7

49

3.9

Table showing comfortable while making retail purchases using smart phone Table showing retailers capability at meeting the needs of the customers Table showing usefulness of M-Commerce in this generation

3.10

Table showing satisfaction by using M-Commerce

55

3.11

Table showing M-Commerce expectation rate

57

3.12

Table showing capabilities to understand the M-Commerce

59

3.13

Table showing supported customer version for M-Commerce

61

3.14

63

3.17

Table showing building up M-Commerce system in house or outsource Table showing mobile applications platform used to build the commerce system Table showing M-Commerce strategy helps present and future generations Table showing mobile banking transactions

3.18

Table showing sales

71

3.19

Table showing M-Commerce websites are good value for money

73

3.20

Table showing comfortable to be connected with M-Commerce

75

3.8

3.15 3.16

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51 53

65 67 69

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation List of Graphs Graph No.

Title of the Graphs

Page No.

3.1

Graph showing number of respondents

38

3.2

Graph showing purpose of using mobile commerce

40

3.3

Graph showing number of respondents

42

3.4

Graph showing prominent domain

44

3.5

Graph showing implementation of M-Commerce in India

46

3.6

Graph showing future of M-Commerce in India

48

3.7

50

3.9

Graph showing comfortable while making retail purchases using smart phone Graph showing retailers capability at meeting the needs of the customers Graph showing usefulness of M-Commerce in this generation

3.10

Graph showing satisfaction by using M-Commerce

56

3.11

Graph showing M-Commerce expectation rate

58

3.12

Graph showing capabilities to understand the M-Commerce

60

3.13

Graph showing supported customer version for M-Commerce

62

3.14

64

3.17

Graph showing building up M-Commerce system in house or outsource Graph showing mobile applications platform used to build the commerce system Graph showing M-Commerce strategy helps present and future generations Graph showing mobile banking transactions

3.18

Graph showing sales

72

3.19

Graph showing M-Commerce websites are good value for money

74

3.20

Graph showing comfortable to be connected with M-Commerce

76

3.8

3.15 3.16

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52 54

66 68 70

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE 1.1

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In today‟s world mobile commerce is playing a very important role in every one‟s

life. The change in the technology has made people use more of mobile commerce in their day today life. Mobile commerce services machines were accepted by payment via sms text message. This way of mobile commerce got introduced to several new mobile applications such as the first mobile phone – based banking services . The first sales of digital content as downloads to mobile phones were made possible and its playing a vital role in each and every human being. Many businesses are beginning to use mobile commerce as a more efficient way to communicate with their customers by using personal digital assistance (PDAs) and cellular phones. In order to destroy the mobile commerce market, mobile phone manufacturers are working with carriers such as Wireless and Sprint to develop WAP-enabled smartphones and these Smartphones offers fax, e-mail, and phone capabilities. 1.2

INTRODUCTION : Mobile Commerce is a mode of buying and selling of goods and services through

wireless handheld devices such as cellular telephone and personal digital assistants (PDAs). Mobile commerce is providing the delivery of electronic commerce capabilities directly into the consumers hand everywhere via wireless technology. Customers are yet think of mobile commerce as a “retail outlet in your customers pocket.” To completely understand the potentiality of mobile commerce , we should first explain what comes to this term. As you can see the following below, it is not just buying and selling of stuff with mobile devices. Depending on the approaches we can also include some of the following : 

Mobile payments



Mobile money transfers and mobile-banking ;



And mobile financial services

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation Because of so many differentiations we can have a look on different data mobile commerce market value by this way we can easily compare the mobile commerce market share with e-commerce. M commerce is one of the most effective and flexible mode of transferring goods and services through mobile networks all over the world. It is sustainable and can be implemented on the massive scale necessary to respond to the urgent needs of the customers to satisfy their wants in giving more satisfaction on the mobile data plans helping the younger generation to know more about the drastic change in the technology. Mobile Commerce is a mode of buying and selling of goods and services through wireless handheld devices such as cellular telephone and personal digital assistants (PDAs). Mobile commerce is providing the delivery of electronic commerce capabilities directly into the consumers hand everywhere via wireless technology. Customers are yet to think of mobile commerce as a “retail outlet in your customer‟s pocket.” To completely understand the potentiality of mobile commerce, we should first explain what comes to this term. As you can see the following below, it is not just buying and selling of goods and services with mobile devices. Depending on this approach we can also include some of the following: Due to so many differentiations we can have a look on different data mobile commerce market value. By this way we can easily compare the mobile commerce market share with e-commerce. The use of wireless and mobile networks and devices are growing rapidly where there is no doubt in it. With the emergence of electronic commerce (ecommerce) from 1990 s we have been witnessing a great shift in methods of doing business. Individuals, business and academics have been focusing on the new way of conducting business online. Mobile commerce can be seen as a subset of e commerce which refers to many transactions with the monetary value which is conducted via mobile network. Advanced wireless and mobile technologies facilitate e commerce conducted from a wired network to a wireless network. When users conduct e commerce such as e banking or the purchase of products, they need not use a personal computer system. In the past, these mobile devices or technologies were regarded as a kind of luxury for individuals. However, this situation has changed. In the past few years the market for mobile technologies has seen significant growth. This has been

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation creating a new opportunity for the growth of m-commerce. M-commerce is a technological frontier and is an attractive area for research because of its rapid growth, and potential applications. „Commerce‟ is the trading of value between two entities. That something may be goods, services, information, money or anything else. The two entities consider to have the value. Trading was the main facility in earlier times with barter facility for goods and services. Later, currency was introduced as standardized money to facilitate a wider exchange of goods and services. Today‟s era is an information era and the world is passing through an information revolution. One of the profound consequences of the information revolution is its influence on how economic value is created and extracted. Today the information is more easily accessed, absorbed, arranged and is priced in different ways. Markets are expanding from regional to global. Knowledge is replacing land, labor and capital as the key value driver. Intelligent workers and virtual spaces are limiting the need for surface and air travel. With the technological progression particularly in computers and internet field has led to the birth of electronic commerce (e-commerce) which enabled the business processes to be more simplified, efficient, quick and resulting in improved productivity with higher satisfaction level to the customers. Also, improved processes resulted in reduced cost of production and transaction cost and therefore the profitability of business increases. The emerging wireless and mobile networks have added another dimension of mobility and extended e-commerce to another research and application subject called mobile commerce popularly known as m-commerce. M-commerce is a platform where a mobile customer can avail various banking and other related commercial facilities through his mobile phones. M commerce is not the transaction itself. It provides services and information, which can trigger a future transaction. The scope of m commerce therefore goes beyond the initial one time commercial transactions. The main areas of m commerce use are in text messaging or SMS, mobile payments, financial and banking services, logistics, goods/services, buy/sell, information services and wireless customer relationship management etc. Taking into consideration the nature of the research on m-commerce would be difficult to group the literature under any specific disciplines. The evidence of this can be seen in business, management, marketing,

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation engineering, information technology (IT), and information systems (IS) which are reviewed and classified into one of the five categories: (1)

Wireless network infrastructure

(2)

Mobile middleware,

(3)

Wireless user infrastructure,

(4)

M-commerce theory and research, and

(5)

M-commerce cases and applications.

The above categories serve as a platform for understanding the mobile commerce research Many choose to think of Mobile Commerce as meaning “a retail outlet in your customers pocket” . the Mobile Commerce consists of following services: 1.3

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: The main aim of M-commerce is to improve the convenience of trading and also to

implement electronic money solutions for quicker purchase of goods and services. Mcommerce has made it possible by delivering the concept of value to customer. M-commerce application can be Business to Business, Business to Customer in the e-commerce world. Even though M-commerce is not mature, the potential to make it more convenient for consumers to spend money and purchase goods and services as been increasing day by day. Since wireless devices travel with the consumer, the ability to purchase goods and services is always presenting a full fledged way. This clearly shows the technique that it can be used to raise revenue. The success of m-commerce depends on the technology and the attractiveness of m-commerce applications. The existence of wireless technology has created a rapid boost in the growth of some commerce businesses. Its a brilliant development which has provided a stronger connection between the target markets and many businesses which are continuously taking chances with their opportunity. In the present world a mobile device as wireless technology is already being a very necessity to many. Making businesses and connecting to people via mobile applications is a winning option where this potential makes a way to the existence of mobile commerce which Is so called mobile commerce.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation 1.4

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM : M commerce is one of the most effective and flexible mode of transferring goods and

servies through mobile networks all over the world . It is sustainable and can be implemented on the massive scale necessary to respond to the urgent needs of the customers to satisfy their wants in giving more satisfaction on the mobile data plans helping the young generation to know more about the drastically change in the technology. 1.5

VARIABLES :

1.5.1 INDEPENDENT VARIABLE :The independent variables are as follows: Five factors that may influence the answer to the questions: age, gender, background, economic conditions, and education level. 1.5.2 DEPENDENT VARIABLE: In this analysis, the dependent variables might help mcommerce organizations to increase the business efficiency. These technologies include global pointing systems, geographic information systems, intelligent transportation , wireless data center, mobile inventory, mobile auction, mobile office, location based services, customer relationship management, supply chain management, 1.6 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY : 1.6.1 To understand the context of mobile commerce . 1.6.2. To analyze the customer preferences using mobile commerce . 1.6.3. To evaluate the mobile commerce problems and prospects 1.7 HYPOTHESIS : 1.7.1 Null hypothesis : H0 = M commerce influences easier and faster transactions . 1.7.2 Alternative hypothesis : H1 = M commerce does not influence easier and faster transactions . 1.8

LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY:

1.8.1

Sample size also affects the study .

1.8.2

The focus is only on the younger generation

1.8.3

Mobile commerce is limited only for some regions like urban regions.

1.8.4

The users of mobile commerce are limited

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation 1.9 Research methodology: The basic aim of this study is to impact of M-Commerce and the challenges for adopting M-Commerce. The study is investigative in nature. Both primary and secondary data will be collected. 1.9.1 Primary data collection: primary data collection involves the original primary data collected by the researchers. It is undertaken after researchers have gained the information by reviewing secondary research or by getting previously collected primary data, it includes questionnaires, market research, experiments made , and direct observations. 1.9.2

Secondary data collection: is the collection of data that is collected by someone

other than then user . Secondary data can save time that would otherwise be spent on collecting data in case of quantitative data. Secondary data analysis can be less useful in marketing research, as data may be outdated or inaccurate. Secondary data is obtained namely by published and unpublished sources. 1.10 Bank account /debit card based : In this model, the bank account/ debit card is limited to the mobile phone number of the customer, when the customer makes an m-payment transaction with a merchant, the amount from bank account of the customer is debited and the value is credited to the merchant account. 1.11

Credit card based : In this credit card based model, the credit card number is linked to the mobile phone

number of the customer. When the customer makes an m-payment transaction with a merchant, the credit card is charged and the value is credited to the merchant account. Credit card based solutions have the limitation that it is heavily dependent on the level of penetration of credit cards in the country.

1.12

Definition and concepts used :

1.12.1 Meaning: Mobile commerce also referred to as m commerce, is the use of wireless handheld devices such as cellular phones and laptops to conduct the commercial transactions online. Mobile commerce transactions continue to grow and the term includes the purchase and sale

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation of a wide range of products and services such as online banking, bill payment and information delivery.

1.12.2 Definition: M commerce (mobile commerce ) is defined as the buying and selling of goods and services through wireless handheld devices such as cellular telephones and personal digital assistants (PDA s )Known as next generation e commerce , mobile commerce enables users to access the internet without needing to find a place to plug in .

1.13 M-Commerce Services - Concept M-Commerce Services Infrastructure to change the scenario of retail applications adopting Wireless Technology on GSM / CDMA. Ready platform is offered for deploying M Commerce Services by different organizations like: a.

Banks and Financial Institutes

b.

Cellular Operators

c.

Government

d.

Loyalty Providers

e.

Various Corporate M-Commerce Infrastructure integrates front end applications, like Wireless Point of

Sale Terminals, Micro Finance, e-purse, Bill Payment, Prepaid Top up Vouchers, Vending Machine operation, e-Governance etc. offered by different organizations with backend applications offered by other organizations, required to establish the working model. Being a manufacturer, E Cube India offers different hardware to support the applications desired by the client. 1.14 Benefits of M-Commerce: As the competition in the mobile commerce services is increasing, the customers are becoming more demanding and now it is the buyer‟s market in the case of telecommunications. So, it is important for the mobile service providers to understand the customers perception regarding mobile services. The present competitive market scenario have a strong bearing on wide and varying customer expectations from their existing mobile

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation service provider as they have become more concerned about the value for money. Thus, the understanding of the customer perception is needed to raise service quality level to satisfy them. Benefits of m commerce with respect to customers are as follows: 

Ubiquitous personalized service- anywhere, anytime



Remote payment for utility bills, insurance premiums, credit card , bills, EMI s etc



Integration with existing payment systems e.g. Credit/debit card payment option.



Promotion of location based services



Faster transaction time



New business opportunities for stakeholders.



Point of sale (POS) device may not require



Branding and business opportunities for banks.



Higher volume in banking with less cash transactions.



Penetration into cash dominated category



Help developing customer loyalty.



Reduction in cost of infrastructure and usages.

1.15 Types of M-Commerce: The m commerce can be classified broadly into the following categories they are as follows : 1.15.1 Mobile Money Transfer: Mobile transfer is mainly done through the use of mobile phones. The initiative of such services can be done by private sector banks in order to provide better services to the customers. 1.15.2 E-money: Cash loaded in the mobile phones. Consumers use this virtual cash as real value for all types of transactions. E.g. Prepaid cash card, recharge voucher amount etc. 1.15.3 M-banking: Mobile phone used for accessing the bank accounts. All payments are routed through the bank. E.g. balance query, share trading alert, banking transactions etc. 1.15.4 Mobile ATM:With the introduction of mobile money services, the operators are now looking for efficient ways to roll out and manage distribution networks that can support cashin and cash-out. Unlike traditional ATM, Mobile ATM has been specially engineered to connect to mobile money platforms and provide bank grade ATM quality.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation 1.15.5 Mobile Ticketing: Tickets can be sent to mobile phones using a variety of technologies. Users are then able to use the tickets immediately, by presenting their mobile phone at the ticket check. Most number of users is now moving towards this technology. Best example would be IRCTC where ticket comes as SMS to users. 1.15.6 Mobile vouchers, coupons and loyalty cards: Mobile ticketing technology can also be used for the distribution of vouchers, coupons, and loyalty cards. These items are represented by a virtual token that is sent to the mobile phone. A customer presenting a mobile phone with one of these tokens at the point of sale receives the same benefits as if they had the traditional token. Stores may send coupons to customers using location-based services to determine when the customer is nearby. 1.15.7 Content purchase and delivery: Currently, mobile content purchase and delivery mainly consists of the sale of ring-tones, wallpapers, and games for mobile phones. The convergence of mobile phones, portable audio players, and video players into a single device is increasing the purchase and delivery of full-length music tracks and video. The download speeds available with 4G networks make it possible to buy a movie on a mobile device in a couple of seconds. 1.15.8

Location based services: The location of the mobile phone user is an

important

information used during Mobile Commerce or M-Commerce transactions.

Knowing the location of the user allows for location-based services such as: 

Local discount offers



Local weather



Tracking and monitoring of people

1.15.9

Mobile Banking:

Banks and other financial institutions use Mobile

Commerce to allow their customers to access account information and make transactions, such as purchasing stocks, remitting money. This service is often referred to as Mobile Banking, or M-Banking. 1.15.10

Mobile Brokerage: Stock market services offered via mobile devices have

also become more popular and are known as Mobile Brokerage. They allow the subscriber to react to market developments in a timely fashion and irrespective of their physical location.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation 1.15.11

Auctions: Over the past three year mobile reverse auction solutions have

grown in popularity. Unlike traditional auctions, the reverse auction (or low-bid auction) bills the consumer's phone each time they place a bid. Many mobile SMS commerce solutions rely on a one-time purchase or one-time subscription; however, reverse auctions offer a high return for the mobile vendor as they require the consumer to make multiple transactions over a long period of time. 1.15.12

Mobile Browsing: Using a mobile browser a World Wide Web browser on

mobile device customers can shop online without having to be at their personal computer. 1.15.13

Mobile purchase: Catalog merchants can accept orders from customers

electronically, via the customer's mobile device. In some cases, the merchant may even deliver the catalog electronically, rather than mailing a paper catalog to the customer. Some merchants provide mobile websites that are customized for the smaller screen and limited user interface of a mobile device. 1.15.14

In-application mobile phone payments: Payments can be made directly

inside of an application running on a popular Smartphone operating system, such as Google Android. In-app purchases can be used to buy virtual goods, new and other mobile content and is ultimately billed by mobile carriers rather than the app stores themselves. Ericsson‟s IPX Mobile Commerce system is used by 120 mobile carriers to offer payment options such as try-before-you-buy, rentals and subscription. 1.15.15

Mobile marketing and advertising: In the context of Mobile Commerce,

mobile

marketing refers to marketing sent to mobile devices. Companies have reported that

they see better response from mobile marketing campaigns than from traditional campaigns. The primary reason for this is the instant nature of customer decision-making that mobile apps and websites enable. The consumer can receive a marketing message or discount coupon and, within a few seconds, make a decision to buy and go. Research demonstrates that consumers of mobile and wire line markets represent two distinct groups who are driven by different values and behaviors, and who exhibit dissimilar psychographic and demographic profiles.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation 1.16 Growth of Mobile Commerce: Mobile Commerce services are evolving rapidly due to mobile service providers, banks and payment service providers to offer more products and secure transactions through mobile networks. While e-Commerce is limited to PC users only, Mobile Commerce is open to almost everyone with a cell phone and mobile connection. Mobile Commerce is expected to grow because the mobile usage and ownership penetration is more than 4 to 5 times than a PC and growing at a very fast rate. With Mobile Commerce offerings expanding, customers have the hand-held convenience of using their mobile phones for making payments for taxi fares and recharging prepaid phone cards.

1.17

Emerging Services of Mobile Commerce:

1.17.1 Monetary transfers or transactions through mobile phones are found to be much cheaper than traditional bank transfers as the transaction costs are much lower in the former. 1.17.2 Innovative solutions for daily use such as payment of auto or taxi fares 1.17.3 Feasibility studies are being conducted to offer Mobile Commerce to microfinance firms to enable them collect payments from remote areas. 1.18 REVIEW OF LITERATURE: 1.18.1 According to E.W.T. Nagi, (2008) mobile commerce large number of volume of literature is available. this offers potential opportunities for further research and applications. Since m commerce is still at the stage of development, a literature review of the mobile commerce with the objective of bringing the state –of-art in mobile commerce research and application will go further on the growth of mobile commerce technologies. The mobile commerce articles are presented based on the schemes that consist of five categories i.e. mobile middleware, m commerce theory and research, wireless network infrastructure, m.commerce applications and cases, wireless user infrastructure

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation 1.18.2 Shahizan Hassan 2011, In the current systems development there are several methodologies including traditional and modern methodologies. Henceforth it can be argued that existing development methodologies may not be suitable for mobile commerce applications, as these applications are utilized in different contexts from fixed e-commerce applications. This study proposes a system development methodology for mobile commerce applications. In order to achieve this aim four objectives are under construction: investigating existing systems development methodologies used to develop mobile commerce applications, identifying the strengths and weaknesses of existing development methodologies, construction of a suitable methodology for mobile commerce applications and testing for its applicability. 1.18.3 Muazzan 2012, states that the research methodology used in the study is the design research, which include the steps of awareness of problems, development evaluation, suggestions and conclusion. The methods used to assist the mentioned research methodology include literature analysis, industry visits, semi structured interview, survey, formulate research and experimental evaluation. In this case constructive methodology is applicable as it can be used to build the mobile commerce applications and it can also be showed that the constructed methodology is practical as and when it is compared to the traditional development for more benefits to the development process. 1.18.4 Andreas Amdreou 2002 ,says Mobile commerce applications and services can be adopted through different wireless and mobile networks with the help of several mobile devices. Mobile commerce is an evolving area of e commerce, where users can interact with the service providers through a mobile and wireless network using mobile devices for information and transaction processing. Mobile networks and devices both influence their operational performance. Hence there is a strong need for taking into consideration those constraints in the design and development phases of mobile commerce services and applications, another important factor in designing mobile commerce services and applications is the identification of mobile user‟s requirements. 1.18.5 Shintaro Okazaki 2005 , This paper summarizes the progress and the future directions of m commerce research. The rapid use of internet enabled mobile handsets, research has been undertaken only in a limited number of research areas. Important progress has been made in mobile internet and SMS based mobile advertising adoption, but other important

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation topics such as e commerce and m commerce comparison, mobile based word of mouth and methodological issues have already been addressed. And further studies should explore these ideas. 1.18.6 According to Susy S.Chan 2002, the research on mobile commerce has focused on single platforms and very limited aspects of commerce activities. The exploratory study was also conducted to identify potential research questions concerning wireless solutions and to examine the usability problems for consumers in e commerce. Some methods were evaluated to have a look on the usability of ten wireless sites in three of the following platforms. WAP – enabled mobile phones, palm operating systems based wireless PDA s and pocket personal computers running windows in operating systems. This article provides design guidelines based on our study and examines research implications for wireless interface design. It also discusses the usability findings to user tasks, content presentation, search, navigation system and the design constraints imposed by form factors. 1.18.7 Mohamed Khalifa 2008 , Mobile commerce is expected to experience a substantial growth in the economy. Most mobile commerce applications except for a few have failed to meet expectations. This study aims to examine specific factors which are pertaining to the individual adoption of business to customer transactional mobile commerce. The technology acceptance model (TAM) and the theory planned behavior (TPB) are also developed. These models are tested with mobile device users who have not adopted mobile commerce yet. These results provide strong support for the integrative approach, shedding light on the significance and relative importance for specific technological characteristics.

Such an

approach presents a major advantage. 1.18.8 Thae min 2005 , As all are entering into an „always on‟ society the interest in the concept of “interactivity” has increased where people can interact anywhere and at anytime. The importance of interactivity in mobile commerce environment has been given little attention in the academic literature. This literature review identified the components of interactivity and investigated the impact of perceptions of interactivity on customer‟s trust and transaction intentions in mobile commerce. Some results indicated that the addiction of mobile commerce of interactivity improves the model fit. Connectivity has a direct positive effect on transaction intentions in mobile commerce. Based on these results this review

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation literature suggests that managerial implication on new marketing strategies , focuses on the contextual marketing communication that link online , mobile and offline environment . 1.18.9 Prashanth. C.Palvi 2009, Mobile commerce technologies have entered into consumer markets throughout the world. The identification of factors that influence mobile commerce adoption has significant value. Mobile commerce has a strong influence on the business activities, consumer behavior as well as national and global markets. In the global point of view this study identified nine factors affecting mobile commerce adoption based on published research in management information system. 1.18.10 Decai Meng 2008 , The wireless technology and mobile communication continues to grow at a substantial rate in the day today world. Despite the rapid growth mobile commerce still experiences challenges in many ways. Several studies have identified trust as a major concern for consumers to adopt the method of mobile commerce. Gaining customer trust in mobile commerce is a huge task because of its unique features. This paper has proposed a conceptual model in order to examine trust and its causes in mobile commerce by its previous studies. Mobile vendor trust, mobile technology trust and other traditional trust factors were seen as the cause for mobile commerce trust, which will in turn affect the intention of adoption. For collecting the data and testing the proposed model a survey instrument was also developed. 1.18.11 Janine Joubert Jean 2013, This research paper investigates a model that incorporates trust and risk factors to explore adoption of mobile commerce. Due to lack of trust consumers shows lack of enthusiasm. Using partial least squares (PLS) a survey was used to test the trust model. The study determined that personal characteristics had influenced the perceived trustworthiness of the vendor, technology and the institutional framework. System based trust influences the intention to use the mobile commerce services like none of the other types trust did. Risk only impacted trust negatively but had no direct impact on intention to adopt. From the earlier adopters mobile commerce benefits such as compatibility and image were not more important than trust. 1.18.12 Isaleh Alqatan 2012 , All over the world wireless communication and mobile technologies are growing at a very rapid stage but still the development of mobile commerce is hindered by lot aspects. Researchers all over the world are actively studying on this domain to understand the factors that affects the adoption of mobile commerce. Based on the

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation previous studies this paper has identified as the factor that influences the customers trust on m commerce adoption in SMTEs. A lot of studies have recognized that trust is a crucial factor that impacts the adoption of mobile commerce in a lot of domains including small and medium sized tourism enterprises (SMTE s). As well as it is not an easy task to make the customers to trust mobile commerce for various reasons. Based on the above statement, this study has proposed hypothetical model for the purpose of studying trust with the mobile commerce and calculation based trust towards the adoption of mobile commerce in SMETs 1.18.13 Osama ghaleb 2012 , This research study extended the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) with trust, risk security and privacy concerns constructs to identify the impact of the factors on user‟s intention to adopt mobile commerce. A test was used utilizing responses from students in two public universities in Jordan. Results indicated that perceived trust, usefulness and ease of use are major influences of mobile commerce adoption. On the other hand, risk factor security and privacy concerns were not significant in this relation. 1.18.14 Norazah Mohd Suki 2011, The purpose of this review is to provide an explanation of factors influencing customer satisfaction and trust in vendors involved in mobile commerce. Data were analyzed by employing structural equation modeling (SEM) supported with maximum likelihood. The proposed model was tested and results were confirmed that users satisfaction with vendors in mobile commerce was not significantly influenced by two antecedents of the vendors website quality i.e. inactivity and customization and also of mobile technology quality which is usefulness and ease of use .based on this review literature vendors in mobile commerce should focus on the factors which generates more satisfaction and trust among customers. In general these results can help them to better develop customer trust in mobile commerce. Vendors of mobile commerce can provide a more satisfying experience for customer. 1.18.15 Bin Wand 2014 tells that in the present scenario consumer trust is become dynamic in mobile commerce. Research has examined how consumer trust in mobile commerce evolves over time. Based on the self perception theory and the information system expectation confirmation theory, this study examines 3 stage theoretical model of consumer trust evolution in mobile banking. The focus is on the information mechanisms of a consumers decision in the pre usage stage, the feedback mechanisms of usage behavior in the usage stage , and the evaluation mechanisms in the post usage stage. Customer‟s evaluations

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation have significant impacts on satisfaction. Satisfaction enhances post use trust as well as preuse trust has a long term impact on post use trust. 1.18.16 Shahizan Bin Hassan 2015 , says that this study proposes a model for measuring the service quality of mobile commerce in the environment. Various past measurement models of electronic service quality (e-SQ) were also reviewed. In this study , a comprehensive analysis of the review literature in the area of marketing , service quality (SQ) and information systems service quality was carried out to identify the inter related factors that lead to service quality of mobile commerce. It was found that over all service quality was determined by 3 dimensions which are service quality, information quality and system quality. The service quality will have an impact on customer satisfaction, which will then affect the customer behavioral intention. The above mobile commerce service quality model was developed by revising and modifying the SERVQUAL scale 1.18.17 Dr. sunil bhatra (2013): This paper extends research mobile commerce in India . it lists the issues faced by the Indian mobile commerce industry. With the advancement of time and technologies business and strategies are changing. Earlier business strategies where based on limited geographical reach and scope for the growth of e commerce. Indians are using smart phones for the purpose of rapidly consuming contents such as gaming videos, songs, and entertainment in its smart devices. 1.18.18 Anshu agarwal (2015): The study of this research paper is to make the readers aware about the current status and scenario of commerce in India . By watching the day by day changes in the technology we can say that the young generation are becoming “Modify” the number of users are drastically increased on mobile phones and consuming a huge of mobile internet providers. 1.8.19 Chandan gupta (2015): Before electronic commerce had connected us to the global business trade and now mobile commerce has taken the place to connect al the customers using smart phones to the global market. As of now there are not only companies , organizing and communities in inida who are doing business using E commerce but now with the change in the advanced technology m commerce is replced for e commerce

1.8.20 Dennehy, (2015): As a new way doing business mobile commerce are increasingly being adopted by organization. As a new payment channel mobile commerce is resulted in an

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation increase in the volume of literature. Mobile commerce is aimed at identifying the key research themes and methodologies research. 1.8.21 Dr . Pravin .H . Bhatawal (2015): The purpose of this research paper is to make the readers aware of the current scenario and status of commerce in India . although people have started using e commerce but still they hesitate to use m commerce because of securities issues, payments problems and difficulty in the mobile applications . Implementation of m commerce is not only the users who are facing problems but also the business are using the problem . 1.8.22 Per.e Pedersen (2015): The literature review starts with an over view of the growth in research in research on mobile services the methodology applied to identify articles for the review is been explained with the journals from which the articles are selected . This starts with a description of the mobile services studied within each of the main categories of the articles. This shows that articles sometimes operate with rather generic descriptions of the mobile service category studied in the field of mobile.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation Chapter 2: Theoretical aspects of Mobile Commerce: Various researchers in the field of information systems have ventured to investigate the theories and models that have power in predicting and explaining behavior across usage domains. Majorly, these studies focus on how to promote usage by examining what encourages the technology adoption and usage. Since every technology acceptance theory has different premises and benefits. It is vital to analyze each of them and consider how they may contribute towards creating a model that could be applicable to mobile commerce. 2.1 Innovations Diffusion Theory (IDT) Diffusion of innovations is a theory that seeks to explain how, why, and at what rate new ideas and technology spread. Everett Rogers, a professor of communication studies popularized the theory in his book Diffusion of Innovations; the book was first published in 1962. IDT is concerned with how innovations spread and consists of two interlinked processes notably the diffusion and the adoption process Rogers argues that diffusion is the process by which an innovation is communicated over time among the participants in a social system. The origins of the diffusion of innovations theory are varied and span multiple disciplines. Rogers proposes that four main elements influence the spread of a new idea: the innovation itself, communication channels, time, and a social system. This process relies heavily on human capital. The innovation must be widely adopted in order to self-sustain. Within the rate of adoption, there is a point at which an innovation reaches critical mass. Innovations Diffusion theory has been applied to numerous contexts, including medical sociology

communications

, marketing

, development

studies ,

health

promotion

, organizational studies, knowledge management, and complexity studies. The social system in Innovations Diffusion Theory is the combination of external influences (mass media , organizational or governmental mandates ) and internal influences (strong and weak social relationships distance from opinion leaders). IDT helps bankers to design mobile services, which are suitable for and adoptable by bank customers. Mobile banking users revealed that relative advantage, compatibility, and observability have positive impact on adoption..

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation 2.2 Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) The Social Cognitive Theory emanated from the work of Bandura (1986) titled “Social foundations of thought and action: a social cognitive theory.” The theoretical perspective of SCT people do not learn new behaviors solely by trying them and either succeeding or failing, but rather, the survival of humanity is dependent upon the replication of the actions of others. Depending on whether people are rewarded or punished for their behavior and the outcome of the behavior, the observer may choose to replicate behavior modeled. Media provides models for a vast array of people in many different environmental settings. Social cognitive theory is often applied as a theoretical framework of studies pertained to media representation regarding race, gender, age and beyond. Social cognitive theory suggested heavily repeated images presented in mass media can be potentially processed and encoded by the viewers (Bandura, 2011). Media content analytic studies examine the substratum of media messages that viewers are exposed to, which could provide an opportunity to uncover the social values attached to these media representations. Although media contents studies cannot directly test the cognitive process, findings can offer an avenue to predict potential media effects from modeling certain contents, which provides evidence and guidelines for designing subsequent empirical work. Media effects studies : Social cognitive theory is pervasively employed in studies examining attitude or behavior changes triggered by the mass media. As Bandura suggested, people can learn how to perform behaviors through media modeling. SCT has been widely applied in media studies pertained to sports, health, education and beyond. For instance, Hardin and Greer in 2009 examined the gender-typing of sports within the theoretical framework of social cognitive theory, suggesting that sports media consumption and gender-role socialization significantly related with gender perception of sports in American college students. Bandura revised his theory from social learning to social „cognitive‟ both to distance it from prevalent social learning theories of the day and to emphasize that cognition plays a critical role in people's capability to construct reality, self-regulate, encode information, and perform behaviors.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation Ratten (2011) used social cognitive theory to examine the behavior of Australian youths toward mobile banking. The conceptual model included five constructs namely media, modeling, outcome expectancy, learning orientation and entrepreneurial orientation, which are proposed to influence an individual‟s intention to adopt mobile banking. 2.3 Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) This theory was developed by Ajzen and Fishbein (1980) and forms the backbone of studies associated with attitude-behavior relationships. The theory of reasoned action (TRA) is one of the three classic models of persuasion, and is also used in communication discourse as a theory of understanding. The theory aims to explain the relationship between attitudes and behaviors within human action. The theory of reasoned action serves to understand an individual's voluntary behavior. The ideas found within the theory of reasoned action have to do with an individual's basic motivation to perform an action. According to the theory, intention to perform a certain behavior precedes the actual behavior The model contends that an individual‟s actual behavior is determined by the person‟s intention to perform the behavior. TRA postulates that beliefs influence attitude and social norms which in turn shape a behavioral intention that ultimately guides or even dictates an individual‟s behavior. Intention is the cognitive representation of a person's inclination towards a particular conduct and is considered to be the immediate antecedent of behavior. Wan (2005) used TRA to investigate the factors that influence Hong Kong bank customers to adopt banking oriented services. Study results showed that TRA was less applicable for habitual behavior. Whistle-blowing "involves an individual with some level of unique or inside knowledge using public communication to bring attention to some perceived wrong doing or problem. TRA is used to examine the communication behavior in corporations. One of the behaviors TRA helped characterize is knowledge sharing (KS) in companies. In the study conducted by Ho, Hsu, and Oh, they proposed two models to construct KS process by introducing TRA and game theory (GT). One model captures personal psychological feelings (attitudes and subjective norms), the other model not only captures personal feelings but also takes other people's decisions into consideration. By comparing the two models, researchers

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation found that the model based on TRA has a higher predictive accuracy than the model based on TRA and GT. They concluded that employees "have a high probability of not analyzing the decisions of others", and whether taking other colleague's decision into account has a great impact on people's KS behavioral intention. It is indicated that "the more indirect decisionmakers there are in organizations, the less effective is KS”. To encourage KS, company managers should avoid including indirect decision-makers in the projects. 2.4 Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) TPB evolved from the Theory of Reasoned Action, with an additional construct termed as perceived behavior control (PBC). TPB recognizes that behavior can be deliberate and planned. Therefore the extra construct aids to account for situations where an individual lacks the control or resources necessary for carrying out the targeted behavior freely. For TPB, the intention is determined by three core constructs namely; attitude toward the specific behavior; subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. Perceived behavioral control refers to people's perceptions of their ability to perform a given behavior and influences intention. TPB perceives human behavior as guided by three kinds of beliefs notably behavioral beliefs, normative beliefs and control beliefs. This study investigated the current state of college students perceptions toward mobile learning in higher education. Mobile learning is a new form of learning utilizing the unique capabilities of mobile devices. In this study, we augment the theory of planned behavior to include evaluative variables that are not fully captured in attitude and to enhance the specificity of the model to mobile commerce. More specifically, we develop, operationalize and empirically test a model for explaining the adoption intention of transactional B2C mobile commerce. The model is empirically tested with mobile device users who have not adopted mobile commerce yet. The empirical results provide strong support for the theoretical model, shedding light on the significance and relative importance of specific adoption factors. The theoretical and empirical implications of these results are discussed. Shih and Fang (2004) used the TPB in Taiwan to examine effect of customer‟s attitude and subjective norms on internet banking adoption. The study found that attitude has

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation a significant effect on adoption intention, while subjective norm was found to be insignificant. Khalifa (2011) extended the theory of planned behavior by integrating confidence as a moderator for the relationship between attitude and intention. Trial, communication and observation were identified as the sources for m-commerce confidence with their effects Mediated through exposure. The research model was empirically tested and supported. Today, with the development in wireless and mobile technologies, Mobile Commerce (m commerce) is expected to make substantial impact on the business landscape. The mobile cellular market is the fastest growing telecommunication market in terms India. Mobile Commerce market in India is expected to grow by the year 2016. The substantial increase of the mobile users is linked with greater adoption for mobilecommerce in India. At present, Indian users indulge in mobile purchases for low value transactions such as entertainment services, games, and music downloads. This study captures users' acceptance behavior towards M-commerce by applying theory of planned behavior (TPB) model developed by Ajzen (1991). Results indicate that attitude and perceived behavioral control have positive and significant impact on individual's intention while subjective norm has a positive but not significant impact on intention. Further, intention is found to be significantly and positively related with behavior. 2.5 Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior (DTPB) DTPB was introduced by Taylor and Todd (1995) and comprehensively explores the dimensions of attitude, belief, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control by decomposing them into specific belief dimensions. DTPB suggests that behavioral intention is the primary direct determinant of behavior. Mobile commerce is the latest version of electronic commerce. Mobile commerce is in early stages and its associated customer behavior is not well understood. Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior has been examined in this context. The roles of trust and perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and perceived enjoyment in determining the attitude to the adoption of M-Commerce has been examined. The relationship between normative influence, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control has been tested.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation Based on the theory of planned behavior the attitude, subjective norms, personal innovation and perceived behavioral control has the positive impact on a person intention to adopt M-Commerce. Pedersen (2005) applied a modified version of the decomposed theory of planned behavior to study the behavior of early adopters of mobile commerce services. With appropriate modifications the model may be used as a basis for evaluation of the adoption potential of new mobile services. Al-Majali and Mat (2010) investigated twelve factors that may influence internet banking adoption in Jordan. Their study concluded that using the decomposed theory of planned behavior provides a comprehensive model to understand the antecedents of Internet Banking Adoption. 2.6 Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was developed from TRA as a theoretical basis for specifying the causal linkages between perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, users‟ attitudes, intentions and actual usage behavior (Davis 1989). Davis (1989) developed and validated better measures for predicting and explaining usage which crystallized on two theoretical constructs namely perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use as the fundamental determinants of system use. Hence, TAM replaces determinants of attitude of TRA with perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Hung (2004) used TAM to evaluate the acceptance and usage of mobile commerce. The perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness are the fundamental determinants of user acceptance and positively impact on attitude to use as well as behavioral intention to use. Attitude toward using m-commerce was found to have a partial mediating effect on behavioral intention to use while behavioral intention was found to exert a positive, though lesser impact on actual use of m-commerce. Lule (2012) applied technology acceptance model to examine the factors that influence the adoption of mobile commerce. The study specifically focused on the evaluation of mobile banking application. The perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived self efficacy and perceived credibility significantly influenced customers‟ attitude towards usage of M-Commerce.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation TAM suggests that user adoption of new information systems is determined by user‟s intention to use the system, which in turn is determined by user‟s beliefs about the system. According to this model, both perceived usefulness and ease of use influence the attitude of individuals towards the use of technology, while attitude and perceived usefulness of the technology predict the individual‟s behavior to use the technology. The TAM‟s basic constructs, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness don‟t fully reflect the specific influences of technological and usage context factors that may alter user acceptance. This model has been widely used over the past decade as a means of predicting user‟s intention to use new technologies. The mobile commerce is a new way of doing business and promises delivering the business in new way. There TAM could be useful in predicting user‟s intention to adopt new services and applications. Theory of planned behavior extends from theory of reasoned action by incorporating an additional construct, namely, perceived behavior control to account for situations in which an individual lacks substantial control over the targeted behavior. According to TPB, an individual‟s behavior intention is jointly influenced by subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. Moreover, diffusion of innovation is important theory as Prior studies have extended TAM with constructs such as perceived playfulness, perceived enjoyment and others. It is widely recognized that subjective norms and perceived behavioral control are important for understanding and predicting intentions and behavior in specific contexts. 2.7 Technology Acceptance Model 2(TAM2) Venkatesh and Davis (2000) extended the technology acceptance model to include additional key determinants that explain perceived usefulness and usage intentions in terms of social influence and cognitive instrumental processes as well as to understand how the effects of these determinants change over time with increasing user experience. Social influence processes entail subjective norm, voluntariness and image while cognitive instrumental processes relate to job relevance, output quality, result demonstrability, and perceived ease of use. Moeser (2013) undertook a study on the factors that drive the intention to use online social business networks based on the theoretical frame of TAM and its extensions, particularly the TAM2 model. Core results revealed that TAM2 model generally holds in the

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation case of online social business network usage behavior, explaining 73% of the observed usage intention. TAM2 examined that Mobile commerce was initially expected to experience a substantial growth for several reasons, i.e. rapid proliferation of mobile device adoption and the obvious advantages of anytime, anywhere connectivity. However, most m-commerce applications, excepts for very few personal applications (i.e. ring tone) have failed to meet expectations. Many factors have hindered consumer‟s usage of mobile commerce applications. These include cost of access, credit card security, difficult navigation and low access speed (Smith, 2001). However, today a considerable proportion of mobile commerce consists of purchase of different types of digital content that in most cases is used in the mobile phones. Customers want to personalize their mobile devices with ringing tones, screen savers, wall papers and downloading games. Getting used to buying digital content and services with the mobile devices will make it easier to adapt to mobile payment mechanism for physical goods as well in future. 2.8 Augmented TAM or Combined TAM and TPB (C-TAM-TPB) Augmented TAM combines the perceived usefulness predictor of TAM and attitude toward behavior, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control from TPB, to provide a more complete test of the important determinants of IT usage. This is based on their predictive utility in IT usage research and their wide use in social psychology. Since the augmented model accounts for a reasonable proportion of the variance in intention and behavior. Taylor and Todd (1995) suggest that it provides a perfect model of IT usage for both experienced and inexperienced users. However, the richness and predictive power of the combined TAM and TPB model has been contested through research. Yayla & Hu (2007) compared four different models namely TAM, TPB and two combined TAM-TPB models in terms of their predictive power and model fit to empirical data using meta-analysis methodology. Data for this study was gathered from meta-analytic calculations of 32 studies found in the technology acceptance literature. Findings demonstrated that when used separately TAM and TPB models offer more theoretical

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation parsimony and clarity as well as a better fit with empirical data than the combined TAM-TPB models. Recently, TAM was applied in a consumer context with the addition of a “hedonic” factor that relates to user pleasure when using it. In work involving the Internet this hedonic component has been described as “fun”, “playfulness” or “enjoyment”.

Online retail

shopping has been suggested to have both utilitarian and hedonic dimensions and that vendors can create aesthetically rich shopping environments that consumers enjoy. Moon and Kim conducted an experiment on the Internet and suggest there is a positive relationship , perceived playfulness and attitude or intention toward use of the World Wide Web. It is said that “when individuals are in the playfulness state, they will find the interaction intrinsically interesting: they are involved in the activity for pleasure and enjoyment rather than for extrinsic rewards”. However, it should be pointed out that they had no specific and defining antecedent variable to enjoyment. Childers examined characteristics of the interactive shopping environment, such as navigation and convenience, that were expected to result in an enjoyable shopping experience as well as perceived usefulness and ease of use. These relationships were supported but aesthetics of the website were not considered. Various antecedents of playfulness have been identified, including website characteristics. Seven such characteristics were: content, speed, ease of use; experimentation; variety; navigation; feedback; focused attention; and control. All characteristics were found to influence perceptions regarding playfulness of the site. Finally, an investigation by Bruner and Kumar served as an important catalyst to our study. In their work, they tested different perceptions for fun by users on a desktop PC, a wireless phone simulation, and a PDA. Results demonstrated that the desktop and PDA were equally easy to use, but the PDA was perceived as more fun. Contrary to expectations, the wireless phone simulation was perceived as less fun than the desktop. Strong effects were found for ease of use related to both usefulness and fun of the device; however specific characteristics of the device responsible and fun were not articulated. 2.9 Model of Personal Computer Utilization (MPCU) MPCU was largely derived from the theory of human behavior and designed to predict PC utilization. In this model, the constructs that predict usage are job fit, complexity,

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation long term consequences, affect toward use, social factors and facilitating conditions. Job-fit is the extent to which an individual believes that using a technology can enhance the performance of his or her job. Complexity is the degree to which an innovation is perceived as relatively difficult to understand and use. Long-term consequences are outcomes that have a pay-off in the future. Affect towards use relates to feelings of joy, elation, or pleasure, or depression, disgust, displeasure or hate associated by an individual with a particular act. Social factors are the individual‟s internalization of the reference group‟s subjective culture, and specific interpersonal agreements that the individual has made with others in specific social situations. Facilitating conditions are objective factors in the environment that make an act easy to accomplish for instance the provision of support for users of personal computers in the IS context. 2.10 Motivational Theories Researchers have developed a number of different theories to explain motivation. According to these theories, people are motivated to behave in certain ways because they are evolutionarily programmed to do so (Vallerand, 1997). Generally, rationale behind behavior is explained through extrinsic or intrinsic motivation. Extrinsic motivation relates to the perception that users will want to perform an activity because it is perceived to be instrumental in achieving valued outcomes that are distinct from the activity itself, such as improved job performance, pay, or promotions (Davis, Bagozzi 1992). Intrinsic refers to the perception that users will want to perform an activity for no apparent reinforcement other than the process of performing the activity. Researchers have applied motivation models to study new technology adoption and use. Sheng (2005) examined whether intrinsic motivation could be used to explain consumers‟ acceptance of on-line shopping. They developed a theoretical model based on the TAM to describe the intrinsic and extrinsic motivations of consumers to shop on-line. The results of their empirical study showed that perceived usefulness (which is an extrinsic factor) is not an antecedent of on-line shopping, while fashion (i.e. social influence) and cognitive absorption experiences (which means a state of deep involvement with software, an intrinsic

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation factor) on the web were more important than extrinsic factors in explaining on-line consumer behavior. Kim (2007) examines the adoption of mobile-internet as a new information and communication technology from the value perspective. Mobile-internet is an enabling technology of m-commerce. They identified the phenomenon that although mobile-internet essentially provides the same services as stationary internet, its adoption rate in many countries is very low compared to that of stationary internet. They developed the Value-based Adoption Model to explain customers' mobile-internet adoption from the value maximization perspective. The results found that consumers' perception of the value of mobile-internet is a principal determinant of adoption intention, and other beliefs, including perceived usefulness (extrinsic factor) and perceived enjoyment (intrinsic factor), are mediated through perceived value. 2.11 Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) Venkatesh (2003) reviewed user acceptance based on eight prominent models, formulated a unified model that integrates elements across the models and empirically validated the unified model. The eight original models and theories of individual acceptance are synthesized and comprised the following are the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Motivational Model (MM), Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), Model Combining the Technology Acceptance Model and Theory of Planned Behavior (C-TAM-TPB),Model of PC Utilization (MPCU), Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT), and Social Cognitive Theory (SCT). Each of these models and theories has been examined in the preceding section. Omwansa (2012) applied UTAUT to study mobile money adoption patterns at the bottom of the Kenyan pyramid. Performance expectancy, social influence and perceived trust were found to play an important role in determining behavioral intention to use mobile money among the poor. Facilitating conditions and transaction costs were found to influence actual usage, while the users' age, gender, education and risk moderate the relationships between constructs that determine behavioral intention as well as actual usage. Jaradat & Al Rabaa (2013) used UTAUT to examine key factors that affect the intention to accept and the subsequent use of mobile commerce among Jordanian consumers.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation Findings illustrated that user acceptance and use of mobile commerce services can be predicted from the users‟ behavioral intentions, which are affected significantly by performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model with an added construct of disturbance concerns. It is the only construct demonstrating a negative influence on the technology acceptance models that can explain the reasons for the poor user acceptance of mobile commerce. The proposed model brings together the research on mobile commerce with the constructs of both positive and negative influence on behavioral intention. The study of mobile commerce is characteristically different from general information systems research because the target users are individuals rather than corporate users. Their acceptance of mobile commerce is voluntary and for their own benefit. This research complements current technology acceptance models and should be applicable to research relating to other forms of new technology acceptance. It also provides an important cluster of antecedents to eventual technology acceptance models via the proven and comprehensive set of constructs influencing behavioral intention to adopt new technology. The proposed model is practical and valuable to the markets, especially the service providers of mobile commerce systems. The model is useful for them in developing strategy to motivate the rapid acceptance of their mobile commerce services by mobile users. 2.12 Extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) Venkatesh (2012) extended the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) to study acceptance and use of technology in a consumer context. Their work culminated in the birth of an extended framework which is termed as “UTAUT2”. UTAUT2 incorporates three constructs into UTAUT namely hedonic motivation, price value, and habit. Individual differences in particular, age, gender, and experience are hypothesized to moderate the effects of these constructs on behavioral intention and technology use. Compared to UTAUT, the extensions proposed in UTAUT2 produced a substantial improvement in the variance explained in behavioral intention. Based on literature, the original UTAUT model appears to have acquired robust usage across multiple studies and user groups. Nevertheless, extensions such as those exemplified in UTAUT2 are a proof that no single research model has absolute applicability across

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation varying technological and organizational settings. Information system research should continuously explore further influences and factors that may alter the behavioral intention to use an information system in diverse settings. These moderating factors are identified as age, gender, experience, and voluntariness. The behavioral intention also significantly influenced use behavior with no moderation effect assumed. However, the factors of computer self-efficacy, computer anxiety and affect toward behavior were not showing significant effect in the study because the effects are being captured by effort expectancy. 2.13 IS Success Models Organizations and institutions invest large amounts of money and time in various information systems. IS investments are typically justified by the expected increase in economical effectiveness. The success of the investments is a critical concern of both academic and practitioner communities (Sylla and Wen, 2002). Managers are particularly eager to recognize the benefits achieved by IS investments. Though various approaches for measuring the success of IT investments exist, IS related benefits are still difficult to quantify owing to multiple factors that influence organizational outcomes. The measurement of IS effectiveness and success remains a highly complex issue. Sector specific models identify distinct critical success factors or new success dimensions within a restricted context. 2.14 Delone & McLeon IS Success Models A prominently cited model for analyzing multiple dimensions of IS success is the one developed by Delone & McLeon (1992). This model is based on Shannon and Weaver‟s (1949) pioneering work on communication and Mason‟s (1978) extensions to it. The original model is a comprehensive framework with six interrelated dimensions of success namely; system quality, information quality, system use, user satisfaction, individual impacts, and organizational impacts. Though the original model has been used in a large number of studies, many modifications and improvements to the model have been suggested (Seddon, 1997; Wilkin

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation and Hewitt, 1999). empirically and theoretically assessed Delone & McLean's (1992) and Seddon's (1997) models of IS success. Their findings supported Delone & McLean's focusing on integrated IS success models. Their findings also supported Seddon's (1997) three construct categories namely system and information quality, general perceptual measures about net benefits of IS use and IS behavior. Ten years after the original model, DeLone and McLean revisited their own model and made slight modifications to it. Delone & McLean's (2003) aver that IS quality has three major dimensions notably information quality, system quality and service quality. Information quality is related to the semantic level and the information product characteristics such as accuracy, meaningfulness, and timeliness. System quality describes the technical level characteristics of the information system. Service quality has to do with the information system support level where the focus is not on the product but on the services like end-user support which affect "use" and “user satisfaction”. The updated model captured the service quality dimension to reflect the importance of service and support in successful systems. All quality dimensions of the model influence both user satisfaction and intention to use the system. Use and user satisfaction bring certain net benefits that affectthe future use and satisfaction either positively or negatively. 2.15 Task Technology Fit (TTF) In an attempt to better understand the linkage between information systems and individual performance, Goodhue & Thompson (1995) explored the linkage between two complementary streams of research notably “utilization focus” research and “fit focus” research and subsequently proposed a new comprehensive model. Essentially, utilization research is based on theories of attitudes and behaviors among other situational factors that lead to intentions to increase utilization of systems. Fit focus research is premised on the notion that performance impacts will only result if technology provides features and support that fit the requirements of a task.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation Lee (2007) proposed and validated a modified task-technology fit model to explore the factors affecting the effective adoption of mobile commerce in the Taiwan insurance industry. The study established that experience, cognitive style, and computer self-efficacy are major factors that can predict the fit of applying mobile based technology to insurance tasks. Conventional wisdom and other demographic variables such as gender and age were found to be non-significant. Based on TAM and TTF theory, He and Wang (2012) constructed an adoption model to analyze factors that influence users‟ adoption of m-commerce. The resultant model indicated that perceived fit has positive effect on perceived usefulness. Perceived security and perceived value were found to be positively related to intention to adopt m-commerce. Perceived value was shown to mediate the effect of perceived usefulness and Perceived security on users' intention to use m-commerce. 2.16 Integrating Technology Acceptance and IS Success Concepts As evidenced by literature, researchers have analyzed system success from multiple viewpoints. Each theory propounded has its own merits and limitations. The unique character of mobile commerce has not received enough attention in the earlier research. Noticeably, mobile commerce is ubiquitous and entails multiple service elements potentially offered by different providers. There is therefore need for a model that puts to perspective the unique characteristics of a mobile based commercial environment. In an effort to overcome various practical limitations, some scholars suggest the integration of different approaches into a single framework (Wixom and Todd, 2005). Arguably, the integration of acceptance and success theories provides a more comprehensive view and use by combining various quality dimensions, beliefs, attitude, and intentions. Thus, an integrated approach which blends elements from different methods and models better offers more reliable insights to the fundamental question of why mobile commerce would succeed or fail. Since the prime objective of this study is to generate a model of mobile commerce success that is expected to have a capability in predicting and explaining success determinants, these renowned theories and models were found to have specific characteristics

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation and significant benefits that yield the theoretical framework of this research. By capturing the fundamentals of earlier studies and the important dimensions of m-commerce. 2.16.1 System Quality: is the principal criterion for judging whether system performance is efficient and flawless in m-commerce. Important attributes of investigation would include reliability of the system, online response time, round the clock availability, page loading speed and visual appearance. Also important is the extent to which a system can be customized to match the needs of diverse contexts. Customization reduces the effort implication on the user within a particular mobile commerce context. A low effort requirement potentially increases transactional probability by boosting usability of the system. 2.16.2 Service Quality is very central in attracting customers to m-commerce. Service quality includes the Attributes of the content that are presented directly on mobile devices. Literature is emphatic on the importance of information quality as one of the determinants of usage impact. Key attributes

identifiable

with

service

quality

include;

content

quality,

currency,

understandability, timeliness, and preciseness. Mobile commerce system that provides appropriate client support is likely to yield a suitable customer experience hence encouraging repeated use and ultimate success. Support aspects revolve around transaction status tracking, payment alternatives and availability of a mechanism for addressing frequently arising questions. 2.16.3 Innovativeness: The scale of features and diversity of use of a mobile commerce system have an influential bearing on the success of a system. By its nature, m-commerce incorporates both informational and transactional components. A system that encompasses multiple transactional functionalities is bound to realize a speedy success. 2.16.4 Price Structure: Prior literature reveals that cost and pricing structure may have a significant impact on consumers‟ use of technology (Chan et al. 2008). In order to determine the perceived value of products or services, monetary cost is usually appraised alongside the quality of services. Mobile commerce value will probably be positive when the benefits of using it are perceived to be greater than the monetary implication.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation 2.16.5 Security : poses a significant challenge in the m-commerce environment. Users are usually apprehensive about the level of security when transacting electronically. Key issues of concern relate to trust, protection of personal and financial data and recovery of transactional information in the event of a calamity. 2.16.6 Technology literacy is the ability to use, assess and understand technology (ITEA, 2007). It influences an individual‟s ability to responsibly, appropriately and effectively use technology tools to access, manage, integrate, evaluate, create and communicate information. Technology literacy would enable individuals to appreciate how mobile technology evolves and how it can best shape commercial practice. 2.16.7 Hedonic motivation is conceptualized as perceived enjoyment or pleasure derived from using a technology (Thong et al 2006). Hedonic motivation has been found to be an important determinant of technology acceptance and use (Brown and Venkatesh 2005; Venkatesh et al., 2012). Thus, hedonic motivation is included as an antecedent of perceived benefits. 2.16.8 Usability relates to the ease of use as well as broad principles behind a system‟s perceived efficiency. Usability also takes into account the efficacy of a system such that if a system has multiple uses to which it can be put to, then it is perceived to have more benefits. Perceived net benefits are the potential merits that may arise from using mobile commerce while weighed against the sacrifice to be made in order to enjoy the benefits in question. The scope of utilization is influenced by the perceived benefits and in turn influences the scale of use as well as adoption behavior. When users perceive mobile commerce as useful, it prompts them to use the service repeatedly. Repeated use as sustained by recurrent benefits provides basis for adoption and ultimate success.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation Chapter 3 : DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION:

According to the demographic profile numbers of male and female respondents using mobile commerce are as follows:

Table : Respondents

Number of respondents

Percentage

Male

60

60%

Female

40

40%

Total

100

100%

Analysis : From the above table we can see that there is more number male respondents using mobile commerce than female respondents. Male respondents are of 60% and female respondents are off 40%. Hence it is analyzed that usage of mobile commerce is done more by males than females users.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

Graph :

Number of respondents Male

Female

40%

60%

Source Primary Data Interpretation: The above graph clearly shows that the number of respondents using more of mobile commerce technology is male users when compared to female users. From this we can say that female users are still not aware of the mobile commerce technology or they are not willing to adapt to the changes that are being taking place in the economy.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

1.

From how many years you are using M-Commerce?

Table No. 3.1 Showing respondents usage of M-Commerce (In years)

Respondents options

Number of respondents

Percentage

Less than 1 year

16

16%

2-3 years

56

56%

4-5 years

22

22%

More than 5 years

6

6%

100

100%

Total

Analysis : From the above table we can see that the number of respondents using mobile commerce from less than 1 year till more than 5 years of age. Less than 1 year 16%, 2-3 years 56%, 4-5 years 22% and more than 5 years 6%.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

Graph : 3.1

Number of respondents Number of respondents 56

22 16 6

Less than 1 year

2-3 years

4-5 years

More than 5 years

Source Primary Data Interpretation : From the above we can infer that the respondents for the use of mobile commerce are being increased and they adapting to the changes that are being adapted by the people in the country. As the years have passed the technology has been drastically changed and can see the immense change in people choice of using mobile commerce as well.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

2.

For what purpose do you use mobile commerce?

Table no. 3.2. Purpose of using mobile commerce

Respondents options

Number of respondents

Percentage

For personal use

27

27%

For business use

15

15%

Both

58

58%

100

100%

Total

Analysis : From the above table we can see that the purpose of using mobile commerce are for various reasons. Respondents who intake mobile commerce for personal use are 27 , for business purpose it is 15 and for both personal and business use it is 58.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

Graph 3.2. Purpose of using mobile commerce

Purpose of using mobile commerce Number of respondents

58

27 15

For personal use

For business use

Both

Source Primary Data

Interpretation: The purpose of using mobile commerce is of different ways in the present generation. But according to the above graph we can infer that the purpose of using mobile commerce for personal use and business use individually are comparatively less in number, but when both for personal use and business use comes into consideration there are more number of people using mobile commerce.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

3. Do you agree that mobile commerce as commercial means has its advantages over the traditional commercial methods? Table no. 3.3

Respondents options

Number of respondents

Percentage

Strongly disagree

2

2%

Disagree

6

6%

Moderate

34

34%

Agree

57

57%

Strongly agree

1

1%

100

100%

Total

Analysis: The above table shows that how the mobile commerce as commercial means has its advantage over the traditional commercial methods and respondents who strongly disagree are 2 , disagree 6, moderate 34 , agree 57 and strongly agree are only 1 %. This clearly states that people who agree are changes in the method are more when compared to others.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

Graph : 3.3

Number of respondents Number of respondents 57

34

6 2 Strongly disagree

1 Disagree

Moderate

Agree

Strongly agree

Source Primary Data

Interpretation:

From the above graph we can infer that the mobile commerce as commercial means has its advantage over the traditional commercial methods are increased by the respondents of the people in the economy according to their choice of selection. The number of respondents who have agreed to the changes are more when compared to others. There are vary in peoples acceptance for the changes and adaptation of traditional methods as their advantage.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

4.

Which is the most prominent domain in which M-commerce is used in India?

Table 3.4

Respondents options

Number of respondents

Percentage

Online shopping

34

34%

Stocks and shares

24

24%

Banking and others

42

42%

100

100%

Total

Analysis :

From the above table we can see that the prominent domain in which mobile commerce is used are in online shopping 34 , stocks and shares 24 and banking and others it is 42. From this it clearly shows that the best use of mobile commerce are taken over by banking and other sectors of the economy.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

Graph 3.4

Prominent Domain Number of respondents 42

34

24

Online shopping

Stocks and shares

Banking and others

Source Primary Data Interpretation: From the above graph we can infer that the prominent domain in which mobile commerce is being used in India are people who invest in shares and stocks, but when compared to online shopping and banking sector it is always been the less. Were banking takes the higher number of prominent domain users and the next comes the online shopping. Were in banking sectors people do a lot of banking transactions and so on hence it has the highest number of users in India.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

5.

What are the challenges to the implementation of mobile commerce?

Table 3.5 Respondents options

Number of respondents

Percentage

Security concern

26

26%

Lack of trust

20

20%

Consumers awareness level

30

30%

24

24%

100

100%

is low Other factors Total

Analysis :

The above table clearly shows that the challenges implemented for mobile commerce are of security concern which consists of 26 %, lack of trust 20, consumers awareness level is low 30 and other factors it is 24. Hence from the above analysis it is clear that the consumer awareness level is low is more in number when compared to others challenges implemented while using mobile commerce.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

Graph 3.5

Implementation of M-Commerce in India Number of respondents

30 26 24 20

Security concern

Lack of trust

Consumers awareness level is low

Other factors

Source Primary Data Interpretation:

From the above graph we can infer that the implementation of mobile commerce in India are compared in different ways when it comes to the security concern the people are worried and step back , and more people do not trust in online transactions done through internet as they again think that there is no security and they don‟t trust, other factors are more likely to be used and consumer awareness level is low and this keeps many people away from the implementation of mobile commerce in India. Since many people are not educated and do not have much of knowledge in adapting the challenges in implementation of using mobile commerce.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

6.

What according to you is the future of mobile commerce in India

Table 3.6

Respondents options

Number of respondents

Percentage

Strongly disagree

4

4%

Disagree

7

7%

Moderate

26

26%

Agree

22

22%

Strongly agree

41

41%

100

100%

Total

Analysis :

From the above table we can infer that the future of mobile commerce in India are strongly disagreed by 4%, disagreed by 7%, moderate by 26%, agreed by 22% and strongly agreed by 41%of the people. Here when compared with other choice of people we can see that people who see the future of mobile commerce in India is strongly agreed by many respondents when compared to the other respondents.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

Graph 3.6

Future of M-Commerce in India Number of respondents 41

26 22

7 4

Strongly disagree

Disagree

Moderate

Agree

Strongly agree

Source Primary Data

Interpretation :

The above graph tells us that the future of mobile commerce in India are acceptable and strongly agreed when compared o other respondents. There are many people who strongly disagree and people are moderate about their decisions but according to changes in the technology that has being taking place there are more number of people who are for the future of mobile commerce in India and also think that they can save a lot of time by adapting the mobile commerce facility provided in the country.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

7.

Do you feel comfortable while making retail purchases using smart phone ?

Table 3.7

Respondents options

Number of respondents

Percentage

Strongly disagree

2

2%

Disagree

7

7%

Moderate

23

23%

Agree

22

22%

Strongly agree

46

46%

100

100%

Total

Analysis:

From the above table we can see that how comfortable people while making retail purchases are using smart phone. Respondents who strongly disagree are 2%, disagree 7%, moderate 23%, agree 22% and strongly agree is 46%. From this above analysis we can see that people strongly agree in making retail purchases are more in number when compared to other set of respondents.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

Graph 3.7

Comfortable while making Retail Purchases using Smartphone Number of respondents 46

23

22

Moderate

Agree

7 2 Strongly disagree

Disagree

Strongly agree

Source Primary Data Interpretation :

From the above graph we can infer that people who are comfortable in making online purchases using smart phones are more in number when compared to others set of respondents. From this we can tell that there is still not many people who have been adapted to the changes that has been taken place in the technology and still lagging behind with the manual process of things in the society may be this is caused by people who don‟t know to use the Smartphone. Hence some people disagree and moderate of them have agreed and strongly agreed are of more in number.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

8. Retailers do a capable job at meeting the needs of those who choose to use smart phone for shopping online? Table 3.8

Respondents options

Number of respondents

Percentage

Strongly disagree

3

3%

Disagree

6

6%

Moderate

24

24%

Agree

24

24%

Strongly agree

43

43%

100

100%

Total

Analysis :

The above table shows that the retailers do a capable job at meeting the needs for those who choose to use smart phone shopping online are strongly disagreed by 3%, agreed by 6%, moderate opinion by 24%, agreed by 24% and strongly agreed by 43%. When compared to other respondents strongly agreed are in more of number were as agree and moderate are equal.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

Graph 3.8

Retailers capability at meeting the need of the Customers Number of respondents

43

24

24

Moderate

Agree

6 3

Strongly disagree

Disagree

Strongly agree

Source Primary Data

Interpretation: From the above graph we can infer that the retailer‟s capability at meeting the need of the customer is gradually high when compared to other respondent. As there is a drastic change taking place day by day in the technology retailers tend to meet their customers by a very simple means not putting them into difficulty in meeting their needs by adopting the online shopping or by using mobile commerce through internet which is a now a very simple mean of connecting to anything and everything within seconds through mobile.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

9.

Do you feel mobile commerce is useful in this generation ?

Table 3.9

Respondents options

Number of respondents

Percentage

Yes

90

90%

No

10

10%

Total

100

100%

Analysis :

From the above table we can infer that how the generation is useful in using mobile commerce. The number of respondents agreed to the statement are more when compared to the people who disagreed. The number of respondent who feel useful in using mobile commerce are 90% and not comfortable are 10%.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

Graph 3.9

Usefulness of M-Commerce in this Generation Yes

No

10%

90%

Source Primary Data

Interpretation :

From the above graph we can infer that the people who feel useful in using in using mobile commerce are more in number when compared to those who think it is not useful. By this we can say that people who regularly use mobile commerce are more when compared to those who do not use. People who do not feel useful may be those respondents how will not be knowing to use the mobile commerce facility or they may not be aware of the changes that have been taken place.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

10.

Are you satisfied by using mobile commerce ?

Table 3.10

Respondents options

Number of respondents

Percentage

Strongly disagree

4

4%

Disagree

8

8%

Moderate

15

15%

Agree

30

30%

Strongly agree

43

43%

100

100%

Total

Analysis :

From the above analysis we can say that there are more number of people who are satisfied by using mobile commerce when compared to those who not satisfied. Respondents who are strongly satisfied with tha satisfaction of using mobile commerce are 4%, disagree 8%, moderate 15%, agree 30% and strongly agree are 43%.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

Graph 3.10

Satisfaction by using M-Commerce Number of respondents

43

30

15 8 4

Strongly disagree

Disagree

Moderate

Agree

Strongly agree

Source Primary Data

Interpretation :

From the above graph we can see the drastic raise in the satisfaction of using mobile commerce. From this we can infer that there are more number of people who are satisfies by using mobile commerce in India by adapting the technological changes happening in the environment. People are getting more connected to the digital world and are making use of mobile commerce in a very efficient means and consuming more time for their future.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

11.

Does mobile commerce website meet your expectation?

Table 3.11

Respondents options

Number of respondents

Percentage

Strongly disagree

4

4

Disagree

10

10

Moderate

26

26

Agree

16

16

Strongly agree

44

44

100

100%

Total

Analysis :

From the above table we can say that mobile commerce website is obviously meeting the expectation of the people. By this data we can say that strongly disagree are 4%, disagree 10%, moderate 26%, agree 16% and strongly agree is 44% hence when compared to other factors of respondents we can tell that mobile commerce website are meeting the expectation of people more in number.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

Graph 3.11

M-Commerce expectation rate Number of respondents

44

26

16

10 4

Strongly disagree

Disagree

Moderate

Agree

Strongly agree

Source Primary Data

Interpretation :

From the above graph we can infer that the mobile commerce expectation rate is gradually being increased day by day. As there is a lot of technological changes taken place in the country and in the economy there is lot of expectation that has been satisfied to the customers in mobile commerce field as well and also made it more easy and comfortable for the people to use the mobile commerce through internet.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

12.

Do you have the capability to understand the mobile commerce

Table 3.12

Respondents options

Number of respondents

Percentage

Yes

93

93%

No

7

7%

Total

100

100%

Analysis :

From the above table we can see that the number of person having the capability to understand the mobile commerce are more when compared to those who does not have the capability to understand the mobile commerce.

Capability to understand the mobile

commerce are 93% and those who do not have the capability to understand are only 7%.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

Graph 3.12

Capabalities to understand the M-Commerce Yes

No

7%

93%

Source Primary Data

Interpretation :

The above graph clearly states that the numbers of people who are capable to understand the mobile commerce are more when compared to those who are not having the capability to understand. From this we can say that people who do no have the capability are the ones who are not well educated and who do not know to use the Smartphone or people who are illiterates, who do not have the knowledge about internet. Those who are capable of using are those who are well educated and have more knowledge about the mobile commerce and who are regularly in use of mobile commerce on their daily basis.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

13.

Which version do you support for mobile commerce

Table 3.13

Respondents options

Number of respondents

Percentage

IOS

18

18%

Android

44

44%

Blackberry

20

20%

Windows phone

12

12%

Others

6

6%

100

100%

Total

Analysis :

From the above table we can clearly see that the people who support mobile commerce are from different versions of mobile. IOS users are of 18%, android 44%, blackberry 20%, windows phone 12% and others 6%. From this analysis we can say that people who use mobile commerce are more from android version when compared to others

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

Graph 3.13

Supported Customer Version for M-Commerce Number of respondents 44

20

18

12 6

IOS

Android

Blackberry

Windows phone

Others

Source Primary Data

Interpretation :

From the above graph we can infer that android supports customer version more when compared to other users. Android plays a very important role in the mobile application were more number of people think it is user friendly and more number of people opt for android as it is one of the best version to be used in the Smartphone. Hence we can infer that the android version is best supported when compared to other version for using mobile commerce.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

14.

Did or will you build your mobile commerce systems in house or outsource

development

Table 3.14

Respondents options

Number of respondents

Percentage

19

19%

Entirely in-house

21

21%

Entirely outsourced

33

33%

Do not know

27

27%

100

100%

Mix

of

in-house

or

outsourced

Total

Source Primary Data

Analysis :

From the above table we can infer that building mobile commerce system in house is 21%, mix of in house or outsourced is 19%, entirely outsourced 33% and which has no clue is 27%. From the above analysis we can say that building up mobile commerce system entirely outsourced is more when compared with others.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

Graph :3.14

Building up M-Commerce system in House or Outsource Number of respondents 33 27

19

Mix of in-house or outsourced

21

Entirely in-house

Entirely outsourced

Do not know

Source Primary Data

Interpretation :

The above graph we can infer that building up mobile commerce system is entirely outsourced. Now a day‟s technological changes are been changing the lifestyle of a human being too. From this drastic change people tend to build their mobile commerce system in outside developmental basis rather than keeping it inside home or combining both in house with the outsource. From this we can conclude that building up mobile commerce is entirely outsourced.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

15.

Does the mobile application platform used to build your commerce system include

commerce specific features

Table 3.15

Respondents options

Number of respondents

Percentage

Yes

85

85

No

15

15

Total

100

100%

Analysis :

From the above table we can say that the mobile applications used to build commerce include commerce specific features are more in number of respondents who have agreed when compared to those who are not. Respondents who say yes are 85% and who object are 15%.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

Graph 3.15

Mobile Application Platform used to build the Commerce System Yes

No

15%

85%

Source Primary Data

Interpretation :

From the above graph we can infer that mobile application platform used to build commerce system include commerce specification features are more when compared to those which are not. By this interpretation we can say that mobile commerce applications have grown in an outrage and making things very much simple and easy for the people to use it in a very understandable and in a flexible way.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

16.

Do you think mobile commerce strategy will help present generation and future

generation?

Table 3.16

Respondents options

Number of respondents

Percentage

Strongly disagree

3

3%

Disagree

8

8%

Moderate

20

20%

Agree

25

25%

Strongly agree

44

44%

100

100%

Total

Analysis :

From the above table we can say that there are more number of people who have agreed that the mobile commerce strategy will help the present generation and future generation. Respondents who strongly disagree are 3%, disagree 8%, moderate 20%, agree 25% and strongly agree are 44% which is high in number when compared to other respondent options.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

Graph 3.16

M-Commerce Strategy helps Present and Future Generations Number of respondents 44

25

20

8 3

Strongly disagree

Disagree

Moderate

Agree

Strongly agree

Source Primary Data

Interpretation :

From the above graph it is clearly understood that the mobile commerce strategy helps the present and future generations and the respondents strongly agree with this matter. Mobile commerce strategy is almost worldwide now. People refer more of easy way to get their things done instead in making it complicated. Hence the mobile commerce strategy which has been adopted will help for both present and future generations and can avoid bribe , corruption etc.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

17.

Which mobile banking transaction do you perform

Table 3.17

Respondents options

Number of respondents

Percentage

13

13%

Pay bills

20

20%

Open Accounts

23

23%

Transferring money

18

18%

Others

26

26%

100

100%

Check

my

account

balance

Total

Analysis :

From the above table it clearly says that mobile banking transactions are done more by others type of services. Check my account balance is 13%, pay bills are 20%, open accounts are 23% and transferring money to other accounts are 18% and others are 26%.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

Graph 3.17

Mobile Banking Transactions Number of respondents 26 23 20 18 13

Check my account balance

Pay bills

Open Accounts

Transferring money

Others

Source Primary Data

Interpretation :

From the above graph we can infer that mobile banking transactions are done through other means when compared to check my account balance, pay bills, open accounts , transferring money to other accounts and others. Through mobile commerce mobile banking transaction are made very simple were we can sit in any place and transfer, pay bills, open accounts, check the account balance etc .

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

18.

I often buy or use product or services from this mobile commerce method?

Table 3.18

Respondents options

Number of respondents

Percentage

Yes

85

85%

No

15

15%

100

100%

Total

Analysis :

From the above table we can see the products and services bought or sold through mobile commerce are more when compared to those who do not do online shopping. People who buy products or service through mobile commerce method are 85% when those who do not do are only 15 in number.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

Graph 3.18

Sales Yes

No

15%

85%

Source Primary Data

Interpretation :

From the above graph we can infer that the sale that happens through mobile commerce method are more in number when compared to those who do not makes sales through mobile commerce. Bu making mobile commerce for buying or selling a product or services it saves much time and fuel cost for you to personally go and shop in that particular store. Instead the best and easy way to use mobile commerce is by doing it online.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

19.

The product or services of mobile commerce website are good value for money

Table 3.19

Respondents options

Number of respondents

Percentage

Strongly disagree

2

2%

Disagree

4

4%

Moderate

20

20%

Agree

30

30%

Strongly agree

44

44%

100

100%

Total

Analysis :

From the above table it is strongly agreed that product or services of mobile commerce website are of good value of money when compared with other respondent options. Strongly disagree 2%, disagree 4%, moderate 20%, agree 30% and strongly disagree is 44%. From this we can see the increase in the respondent opinions in agreeing with the fact that product and services of mobile commerce website are of good value of money.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

Graph : 3.19

M-Commerce Websites are Good Value for Money Number of respondents 44

30 20

2 Strongly disagree

4

Disagree

Moderate

Agree

Strongly agree

Source Primary Data

Interpretation :

From the above graph we can see the increase in the respondent opinions in agreeing with the fact that product and services of mobile commerce website are of good value of money. From the technological changes that is being taking place customer gradually agree with the changes and are adapting themselves to the changes without any difficulty. Every individual wants to make everything as simple as possible and do not want anything to be complicated.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

20.

Do you feel comfortable to be connected to mobile commerce ?

Table 3.20

Respondents options

Number of respondents

Percentage

Strongly disagree

1

1%

Disagree

8

8%

Moderate

12

12%

Agree

24

24%

Strongly agree

55

55%

100

100%

Total

Analysis :

From the above table it we can infer that the number of people who feel comfortable to be connected to mobile commerce strongly agree in this statement and are more in number when compared with others. Strongly disagree 1 %, disagree 8%, moderate 12%, agree 24%, and strongly agree 55%.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

Graph : 3.20

Comfortable to be Connected with MCommerce Number of respondents 55

24

12 8 1 Strongly disagree

Disagree

Moderate

Agree

Strongly agree

Source Primary Data

Interpretation: From the above graph we can clearly see that the increase in the opinions of the respondents who feel comfortable in being connected to mobile commerce are increased. Now a day‟s people are very much connected to the digital making and cannot survive without internet and Smartphone‟s. hence they want everything to be done through online and get less burden on their heads and hence they are addicted to mobile commerce and all the ways that are possible to be connected to mobile commerce.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation Chapter 4 : OBSERVATIONS OR DISCUSSIONS HYPOTHESIS TESTING H1 : The significant difference that supports mobile version and strategy that helps the present generation and future generation 4.1 CHI-SQUARE TEST M-Commerce strategy helps the present and future generation Version supporting MCommerce

Strongly

Disagree

Moderate

disagree

Strongly

Agree

Total

agree

IOS

0

1

4

3

10

18

Android

1

1

6

14

21

43

Blackberry

0

1

7

6

8

22

Windows

1

4

3

0

4

12

Others

1

0

2

1

1

5

Total

3

7

22

24

44

100

phone

Fo

Fe

Fo-Fe

(Fo-Fe)2

(Fo-Fe)2 Fe

0

0.54

-0.54

0.292

0.541

1

1.26

-0.26

0.068

0.054

4

3.96

0.04

0.002

0.0005

3

4.32

-1.32

1.742

0.403

10

7.92

2.08

4.326

0.546

1

1.29

-0.29

0.084

0.065

1

3.01

-2.01

4.040

1.342

6

9.46

-3.46

11.972

1.266

14

10.32

3.68

13.542

1.312

21

18.92

2.08

4.326

0.229

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation 0

0.66

-0.66

0.436

0.661

1

1.54

-0.54

0.292

0.190

7

4.84

2.16

4.666

0.964

6

5.28

0.72

0.518

0.098

8

9.68

-1.68

2.822

0.291

1

0.36

0.64

0.410

1.139

4

0.84

3.16

9.986

11.888

3

2.64

0.36

0.130

0.050

0

2.88

-2.88

8.294

2.880

4

5.28

-1.28

1.638

0.130

1

0.15

0.85

0.722

4.813

0

0.35

-0.35

0.122

0.348

2

1.1

0.9

0.81

0.736

1

1.2

-0.2

0.04

0.033

1

2.2

-1.2

1.44

0.654 Total =30.8135

(R-1) (C-1) (5-1) (5-1) 4 * 4 = 16 Table value: 5%, 16th column = 26.30

Conclusion: Chi-square value = 30.8135 Table value = 26.30 Therefore 30.8135 > 26.30 Hence Ho – null hypothesis is rejected, there is a significant difference in the mobile version which supports Mobile Commerce and the strategy which helps the present generation and future generation.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation H2 : The significance difference in the performance and usage of M-Commerce and in level of satisfaction. 4.2 CHI-SQUARE TEST Level of satisfaction

Usage

Strongly

Disagree

Moderate

Purpose

disagree

Personal

2

0

2

0

2

Both

3

Total

5

Strongly

Agree

Total

9

15

28

6

4

2

14

6

7

16

26

58

8

15

29

43

100

agree

use Business use

Fo

Fe

Fo-Fe

(Fo-Fe)2

(Fo-Fe)2 Fe

2

1.4

0.6

0.36

0.257

0

2.24

-2.24

5.018

2.24

2

4.2

-2.2

4.84

1.152

9

8.12

0.88

0.774

0.095

15

12.04

2.96

8.762

0.728

0

0.7

-0.7

0.49

0.7

2

1.12

0.88

0.774

0.691

6

2.1

3.9

15.21

7.243

4

4.06

-0.06

0.004

0.001

2

6.02

-4.02

16.61

2.684

3

2.9

0.1

0.01

0.003

6

4.64

1.36

1.850

0.399

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation 7

8.7

-1.7

2.89

0.332

16

16.82

0.82

0.672

0.040

26

24.94

1.06

1.124

0.045 Total =16.61

(R-1) (C-1) (3-1) (5-1) 2*4=8 Table value: 5%, 8th column =15.51 Conclusion: Chi-square value = 16.61 Table value = 15.51 Therefore 16.61 > 15.51 Hence Ho – null hypothesis is rejected, there is a significant difference in the usage of M-Commerce and level of satisfaction of customers.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation CHAPTER 5 : FINDINGS, SUGGESTIONS AND CONCLUSIONS 5.1 Findings: 

Male candidates are 60%when compared to female candidates using mobile commerce.



From 2-3 years 56% number of respondents is in use of mobile commerce.



58% of respondents are using mobile commerce for both personal and business purpose



57% of the respondents agree that mobile commerce as commercial means has its advantage over the traditional commercial methods.



Banking and other sector feels that mobile commerce is the most prominent domain to be used in India.



26% of the respondents fell that security concern is the main challenge for the implementation of mobile commerce in India.



Mobile commerce is the future of India and it is strongly agreed by the respondents by giving 41% as the ratings.



Respondents strongly agree that they really feel comfortable while making retail purchases through smart phone.



90% of the people say yes and agree that mobile commerce is useful for this generation.



Retailers do a capable job at meeting the needs of those who choose to use smart phone for shopping online are strongly agreed by more number people when compared to others in the present generation s society.



Use of mobile commerce is highly satisfied and strongly agreed.



Mobile commerce website has strongly met the expectation of people in the society.



93% of the people have the capability to understand the use of mobile commerce.



An android version phone support the best for the use of mobile commerce in India.



44% of the people feel that mobile commerce strategy will help present generation and future generation.



Purchasing and selling of product and services from the mobile commerce are more in number when compared to others.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation 

Respondents feel that products and services of mobile commerce website are good value of money which they can easily rely on.



55% of respondents feel comfortable to be connected to mobile commerce.



From both the hypothesis testing we can see that null hypothesis is rejected .

5.2 SUGGESTIONS: 

Looking at the demographic profile number of female respondents are less in number hence female respondents can be educated more on mobile commerce.



Usage of mobile commerce for more than 5 years are only 6% which can be further improved in the ongoing years by making respondents know the value of mobile commerce and making them more digitalized.



Mobile commerce is being used less for the business purpose by this we can make improvements by educating people for using mobile commerce more which is less time consuming.



There are only 1% of respondents who agree that the mobile commerce as commercial means has its advantages over the traditional commercial methods.



We can see that stocks and shares have less prominent domain in using mobile commerce in India hence we can educate more respondents in using stocks and shares through mobile commerce and make their biding in shares more easier.



Challenges to the implementation of mobile commerce are seen to be lack of trust were these can be bought into progress and lack of trust can be eradicated by giving more of privacy security to the consumers.



As more number of respondent strongly disagree with the future of mobile commerce in India these respondents usually may be illiterates or those who do not have much of educational qualifications hence these people can be given more information and use of mobile commerce and the future needs of it.



There are less number of respondents who strongly disagree when compared to those who strongly agree and feel comfortable while making retail purchases using smart phones, by this we can educate people and make them know the use of mobile commerce and how the smart phones are used in making retail purchases.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation 

90% of respondents feel mobile commerce is useful in this generation when compared to others hence from this we can see that there are only 10% of people who feel using mobile commerce in this generation is not useful and these 10% would be mainly from rural areas were the mobile commerce has not been existed.



Usage of mobile commerce are not satisfying for 4% of people in India and they strongly disagree with this, hence from this we can make them know how mobile commerce is been satisfied from the people who are using it frequently for the day to day purpose or for their personal use.



When compared to people who are capable of understanding mobile commerce 7% of people do not have the capability to understand the hence by this we can teach and make them understand how to use the mobile and mobile commerce from the people who are known to this form more.



Since in both the cases null hypothesis is been rejected we can say that there is a significant difference between in the usage, level of satisfaction ,mobile version for the support and the present generation and future generation of M-Commerce.

5.3 CONCLUSIONS: Mobile commerce has become a necessary survival weapon and is fundamentally changing the industry and the present generation worldwide. Today, the click of a mouse offers customers services at a much lower cost and also empowers them with unprecedented freedom in choosing vendors for their financial service needs. No country today has the choice whether to implement mobile commerce or not because of the global and competitive nature of the economy. Mobile commerce has been upgraded and constantly has to think of new innovative customized packages and services to remain competitive. The study finds that the customers are fully aware of mobile commerce services in the society and in India. Most of the customers however still go to the retailers , wholesalers , shops and find interaction with human tellers as very important as they got distracted with the few problems like inadequate knowledge about the usage of mobile commerce services, lack of interest , poor network , password forgotten, data entered is invalid and lack of confidence. Customer‟s perception and reactions to the developments of Mobile Commerce services are issues of concern to the government. A lot more has to be done to create confidence in the

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation minds of the customers about the benefits and the security of the Mobile Commerce services. There is a need for total satisfaction with regards to all qualities of the nature of Mobile Commerce services and different modes of services. A special emphasis has to be given for the security which would promote customers in using Mobile Commerce services to the largest extent. Lastly , since the Chi-Square test of both the hypothesis is more than the table value the null hypothesis is been rejected.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation

CHAPTER 6: BIBLIOGRAPHY AND APPENDICES Bibliography : 6.1 A review for mobile commerce research and applications, E.W.T. Nagi Feb 2007, Department of management and marketing, the Hong Kong polytechnic university, china. Published in journal of decision support system. Elsevier science publishers B.V.Amsterdam, Netherlands, volume 43 issue 1, February 2007, pages 3-15. 6.2 System development methodology for mobile commerce applications Shahizan Hassan, 2011 Publishes in international journal of mobile computing and multimedia communications. Volume 3, issue 4, October 2011 pg 36-52. 6.3 Agile based development methodology for mobile commerce applications Muazzan , 2012 Thesis, university utara Malaysia. Vol 8, issues9, pg no 14-25 6.4

Mobile commerce applications and services: a design and development approach Andreas Amdreou 2002 Cyprus University of technology January 2002

6.5 New perspectives of mobile commerce research, Shintaro okazaki , January 2005. 31.89 kings college London. 6.6 Usability of mobile commerce across multiple form factors. Susy S.Chan , 2002 Journal of electronic commerce research, volume 3, no 3, 2002 pg 187 6.7 Explaining the adoption of transactional business to customer in mobile commerce Mohamed Khalifa 2008 , Reference 41, Emerald group publishing limited journal of enterprise information management, vol 21, issue 2 pg 110-124. 6.8 The impact of perceptions of interactivity on customer trust and transaction intentions in mobile commerce, Thae min, 2005 Journal of electronic commerce research 6.3 vol. 6, no.3, pg 165-180. 6.9 Mobile commerce adoption in china and US: a cross culture study Prashanth . C.Palvi, 2009 Volume 40, Issue 4, November 2009 Pg no 43-61

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation 6.10 Study on trust in mobile commerce adoption – a conceptual model Decai Meng 2008 , Published in: electronic commerce and security, Print ISBN: 978-0-7695-3258-5 INSPEC Accession Number: 10182817, publisher: IEEE 6.11 The role of trust and risk in mobile commerce adoption. Janine Joubert Jean , 2013 International Journal of Business, Humanities and Technology Vol. 3 No. 2; February 2013. Department of Information Systems. University of Cape Town 6.12 Study on success factors to enhance customer trust for mobile commerce in small and medium sized tourism enterprises (SMETs) - a conceptual model, Isaleh Alqatan , 2012 Journal of theoretical and applied information technology , Volume 46 No 2, December 2012 6.13 Adoption of mobile commerce technology: an involvement of trust and risk concerns Osama ghaleb , 2012 yarmouk university , Jordan Published in international journal of technology diffusion Vol 3 Issue 2 , April 2012 Pg No 36-49. 6.14 A structural model of customer satisfaction and trust in vendors involved in mobile commerce. International Journal of Business Science and Applied Management, Norazah Mohd Suki , 2011 Labuan School of International Business & Finance, University of Malaysia,Volume 6, Issue 2, 2011. 6.15 Understanding the evolution of consumer trust in mobile commerce: a longitudinal study. Bin Wand 2014 , Information 37-49, march 2014. 6.16 Measuring service quality in mobile commerce context: a conceptual model. Shahizan Bin Hassan 2015. International journal of scientific and research publication, School of technology management and logistics, university of utara. Volume 5, Issue 3, 6.17 Mobile commerce in India: emerging issues (international journal of advanced research in IT), Dr.Sunil.Batra (2013), volume 2, no 2, February 2013 6.18 International journal of research in computer and communication technology, Anshu Agarwal (2015), volume 4, issue 4, April 2015 6.19. IOSR – journal of business and management, Chandan Gupta , volume 18, issue 1, version 1, January 2016.

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation 6.20. Dennehy, (2015), journal of innovation management JIM volume 49-61. 6.21. Dr.Pravin.H.Bhatawal (2015) volume 4, no 4, mobile commerce in India , promises and problems . 6.22. Review of mobile service and mobile commerce research and suggestions for future research on mobile applications. Per.E.Pedersen, (2015) centre for applied research at NHH. 2015, volume no 1/15. 6.23. www.shodhaganga.inflibment.in 6.24. Journal of Information Engineering and Applications ,ISSN 2224-5782 (print) ISSN 2225-0506 (online) Vol.6, No.5, 2016

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation APPENDICES IMPACT OF MOBILE COMMERCE ON YOUNGER GENERATION Dear Madam/Sir, I Meghashree.L a Post Graduate student of Management at Ramaiah Institute of Management Studies, Bangalore and presently doing a project on “IMPACT OF MOBILE COMMEREC ON YOUNGER GENERATION” in Bangalore city. In this regard I request you to kindly fill the questionnaire below and enable us to complete our understanding. Further we would assure you the data generated shall be kept confidential. Name: Age: Gender: Educational qualification: Annual Income: Occupation: 1.

From how many years you are using mobile commerce? a. Less than 1 year b. 2-3 years c. 4-5 years d. More than 5 years

2.

For what purpose do you use mobile commerce? a. For personal use b. For business use c. Both

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation 3.

Do you agree that mobile commerce as commercial means has its advantages over the traditional commercial methods? a. Strongly disagree b. Disagree c. Moderate d. Agree e. Strongly agree

4.

Which is the most prominent domain in which M-commerce is used in India?

5.

a. Online shopping

b. Matrimony

c. stocks and shares

d. Banking and others

What are the challenges to the implementation of M-Commerce? a. Security concern

b. Lack of trust

c. Consumers awareness level is low d. Other factors 6.

What according to you is the future of M-Commerce in India? a. Strongly disagree

b. Disagree

c. Moderate

d. Strongly agree

e. Agree 7.

Do you feel comfortable when making retail purchases using Smartphone? a. Strongly disagree b. Disagree c. Moderate d. Strongly agree e. Agree

8. Retailers do a capable job at meeting the needs of those who choose to use smart phone for shopping online? a. Strongly disagree b. Disagree Ramaiah Institute Of Management Studies

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation c. d. e.

Moderate Strongly agree Agree

9.

Do you M-Commerce is useful in this generation? a. Yes b. No

10.

Are you satisfied by using mobile commerce? a. Strongly disagree b. Disagree c. Moderate d. Strongly agree e. Agree

11.

Does mobile commerce website met your expectation? a. Strongly disagree b. Disagree c. Moderate d. Strongly agree e. Agree

12.

Do you have the capability to understand the mobile commerce? a. Yes b. No

13.

Which version do you support for mobile commerce? a. IOS b. Android c. Blackberry d. Windows phone

14.

e. Others

Did or will you build your M-Commerce systems in house or outsource development? a. Mix of in house or outsourced b. Entirely in house c. Entirely outsourced d. Don‟t know

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Impact of Mobile Commerce on Younger Generation 15. Does the mobile application platform used to build your commerce system include commerce specific features? a. Yes b. No 16.

Do you think M-Commerce strategy will help present generation and future generation? a. Strongly disagree b. Disagree c. Moderate d. Strongly agree e. Agree

17.

Which mobile banking transactions do you perform? a. Check my account balance b. Pay bills c. Open accounts d. Transferring money to other accounts e. Others

18.

I often buy or use product or services from this M-Commerce method. a. Yes b. No

19.

The product or services of M-Commerce are good value for money? a. Strongly disagree b. Disagree c. Moderate d. Strongly agree e. Agree

20.

Do you feel comfortable to be connected with M-Commerce? a. Strongly disagree b. Disagree c. Moderate d. Strongly agree e. Agree

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