Final Case1

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PROJECT ON CISCO An era that fostered Communication Globally A Brief History Len Bosack and Sandy Lerner, a married couple who worked as computer operations staff at Stanford University, later joined by Richard Troiano, founded cisco Systems in 1984. Lerner moved on to direct computer services at Schlumberger, moving full time to Cisco in 1987. The name "Cisco" was derived from the city name, San Francisco, which is why the company's engineers insisted on using the lower case 'cisco' in the early days. For Cisco's first product, Bosack adapted multiple-protocol router software originally written some years before by William Bosack attended La Salle College School in Wyndmoor, Yeager, another Stanford employee who later High Pennsylvania, where he graduated in joined Sun Microsystems. 1969. He then entered the The Wharton School at the University of Leonard Bosack is, with his ex-wife Sandra Pennsylvania, where he obtained his Lerner, co-founder of Cisco Systems. bachelor's degree in 1973. After graduation, he worked at Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), where he was involved in projects relating to 36-bit systems. In 1979, Bosack left DEC for Stanford University, where he obtained a master’s degree in computer science in 1981. There, he met and married graduate student Sandra Lerner in 1980.

Cisco Systems founders Len Bosack and his then-wife, Sandra Lerner, are credited with making major design enhancements to one of the technologies that makes the Internet possible—the router. Bosack, Lerner, and the Stanford colleagues who helped them didn’t invent the first router. That credit goes to William Yeager, a Stanford Medical School engineer, who wrote the software to drive a specialized computer controlled by an Internetwork Operating System (IOS). Bosack and his group took the original router code, enhanced the design, and capitalized on it, creating the first commercially successful router. According to Cisco's company legend, Bosack, who managed the computer science department’s computers, and Lerner, who managed the computer system for the Graduate School of Business, worked at opposite ends of Stanford University campus. They could send e-mail MANAGERIAL PROCESS SKILLS

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messages back and forth using the campus Local Area Network (LAN), but their two computers, which ran on different operating systems, could not communicate directly. Using an updated version of an IMP (with a networking board designed by future Sun Microsystems founder Andy Bechtolsheim), Bosack, Lerner, and two Stanford staff members ran network cables between the buildings and connected them.

Type

Public (NASDAQ: CSCO)

San Francisco, California, USA Founded Len Bosack's business (1984) card, ca. 1984.

In fact, both systems (SU-SCORE and SU-GSB) were TOPS-20 systems. The problem was not that theHeadquarte systems were incompatible (obviously, being the same, they weren't) but that the SUGSB system rs was originallySan not Jose, on anyCA network. During the networking process, Bosack and Lerner’s team improved the connectivity of the John Chambers, and networks, computer systems, and original device so that it T. worked betterChairman with unrelated Key people protocols. Pretty soon, CEO word got out, and other universities began asking for these new, improved devices, which were called multiprotocol routers. Bosack and Lerner realized the commercial networking potential Industry of the new Computer development and went to Stanford to propose selling the routers commercially. Because Stanford is a nonprofit organization, it could not enter into a commercial billion USD (Atthe market venture, and therefore it$87.65 declined and forbade group from selling the technology. Market cap

close the on January 2009) enhancements. It later claimed Bosack and Stanford has also disputed value of 30, Bosack’s others had usurped its design and improperly profited from the routers. Rather than litigate, in Revenue ▲$39.540 billionsoftware USD (2008) April 1987, Stanford licensed the router and two computer boards to Cisco in exchange for $19,300 in cash, $150,000 in royalties, product discounts, and support and the right to use Operating other Cisco product improvements made after ▲ $9.442 billion USD Bosack (2008) left Stanford. [1]

income

Net income ▲ $8.052 billion USD (2008) Employees 66,050 (2008) Website

http://www.cisco.com

MANAGERIAL PROCESS SKILLS

By the end of 1984, Bosack and Lerner had formed Cisco Systems and begun manufacturing routers in their living room. Cisco was named after the city San Francisco. In 1986, Bosack resigned from Stanford amid allegations of impropriety to work 28 February 2009

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at Cisco full time. That year, Bosack and Lerner received funding of $2.5 million from Sequoia Capital after 77 unsuccessful proposals to other venture capitalists. Between 1984 and 1992, Cisco grew an average rate of 200% per year with little or no advertising. On August 28, 1990, the management team fired Lerner; upon hearing the news, Bosack resigned to show his support. The two immediately sold their shares in Cisco for an estimated $170 million. The following year, Bosack founded his own company XKL, in Redmond, Washington, where he works today. He has ties to SETI, an organization devoted to the "Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence".

One of the many buildings on the Cisco Systems campus in San Jose

In 1990, the company was listed on the Nasdaq stock exchange. Lerner was fired and because of that, Bosack quit but not before receiving $200 million. Most of those profits were given to charities and the two later divorced. Cisco acquired a variety of companies to bring in talent and innovation into the company. Several acquisitions, such as Stratacom, were the biggest deals when they happened. During the Internet boom in 1999, the company acquired Cerent Corp., a start-up company located in Petaluma, California, for about US$7 billion. It was the most expensive acquisition made by Cisco at that time. Since then, only Cisco's acquisition of Scientific-Atlanta has been bigger. Although not every acquisition is successful, Cisco has more frequently succeeded in integrating and growing the revenue of its acquisitions than its competitors. Several acquired companies have grown into $1Bn+ business units for Cisco in LAN switching, Enterprise VOIP, and home networking. In late March 2000, at the height of the dot-com boom, Cisco was the most valuable company in the world, with a market capitalization of more than US$500 billion. In January 2009, with a market cap of about US$93 billion, it is still one of the most valuable companies. CISCO was voted stock of the decade on NASDAQ. The company's 7500 Series router was MANAGERIAL PROCESS SKILLS

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voted 3rd in the product of the decade 1990-2000 behind the Mosaic web browser and the Novell LAN manager. Training Courses IP Communications Routing and Switching Security Wireless/Mobility Learning Locator Training Search Tool Self-Study Options Partner Education Connection Cisco Press Learning Partner Programs Find a Global Learning Partner Staff Development & Education Advanced Services Education

Cisco has made inroads into many network equipment markets outside routing, including Ethernet switching, remote access, branch office routers, ATM networking, security, IP telephony, and others. In 2003, Cisco acquired Linksys, a popular manufacturer of computer networking hardware and positioned it as a leading brand for the home and end user networking market.The company's first two CEOs are John Morgridge and John Chambers (active). The Corporate Headquarters is on East Tasman Drive in San Jose, California, between Zanker Road and Cisco Way. The company was a 2002-03 recipient of the Ron Brown Award. Cisco's vision is "Changing the Way We Work, Live, Play and Learn." Cisco's current tagline is "Welcome to the human network." PRODUCTS AND SERVICES

View All Training Resources

Training Resources Cisco Networking Academy Our global e-learning program offers students an opportunity to pursue IT curricula through online instructor-led training and hands-on lab exercises.

Career Certifications

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Acquisition Acquisition date

Value Company

Business

Country

(USD)

December 8, LightStream 1994

LAN switching

United States

$120,000,00 0

August 10, 1995

Remote desktop software

United States

$114,200,00 0

September 6, Internet Junction 1995

Gateway

United States

$5,500,000

January 23, 1996

Web applications

United States

$115,000,00 0

April 22, 1996 StrataCom

LAN switching

United States

$4,000,000,0 00

July 22, 1996 Telebit

Modems

United States

$200,000,00 0

LAN switching

United States

$100,000,00 0

September 3, Granite Systems 1996

Computer networking

United States

$220,000,00 0

October 14, 1996

Network simulation

United States

$79,000,000

August 6, 1996

Combinet

TGV Software

Nashoba Networks

Netsys Technologies

June 9, 1997 Skystone Systems June 24, 1997 March 11, 1998 May 4, 1998

Synchronous optical networking

Canada

$66,500,000

Global Internet Software Group

Firewall

United States

$40,250,000

Precept Software

Internet television

United States

$84,000,000

CLASS Data Systems

Computer networking

United States

$50,000,000

MANAGERIAL PROCESS SKILLS

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July 28, 1998 Summa Four

LAN switching

United States

$116,000,00 0

August 21, 1998

American Internet

Computer networking

United States

$56,000,000

October 14, 1998

Selsius Systems

Voice over Internet Protocol

United States

$145,000,00 0

Synchronous optical networking

United States

$126,000,00 0

Voice over Internet Protocol

United States

$2,000,000,0 00

Voice over Internet Protocol

United States

$170,000,00 0

December 2, Pipelinks 1998 April 13, 1999

GeoTel Communications

April 28, 1999 Amteva Technologies June 17, 1999

TransMedia Communications

Gateways

United States

$407,000,00 0

June 29, 1999

StratumOne Communications

Synchronous optical networking

United States

$435,000,00 0

November 9, Aironet Wireless 1999 Communications

Wireless LAN

United States

$799,000,00 0

November 11, 1999

V-Bits

Digital video

United States

$128,000,00 0

December 16, 1999

Worldwide Data Systems

Information technology United consulting States

$25,500,000

December 17, 1999

Internet Engineering Group

Synchronous optical networking

United States

$25,000,000

December 20, 1999

Pirelli Optical Systems

Fiber-optic communication

United States

$2,150,000,0 00

January 19, 2000

Compatible Systems

Virtual private networking

United States

$317,000,00 0

January 19, 2000

Altiga Networks

Virtual private networking

United States

$250,000,00 0

Chipsets

United States

$355,000,00 0

February 16, Growth Networks 2000 March 1, 2000 March 16,

Alantech Technologies

Network management

JetCell

Mobile telephones

MANAGERIAL PROCESS SKILLS

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Scotland United

$180,000,00 0 $200,000,00 Page 5

2000

States

0

March 16, 2000

infoGear Technology

Information management

United States

$301,000,00 0

March 29, 2000

SightPath

Content delivery

United States

$800,000,00 0

LAN switching

United States

$118,000,00 0

April 12, 2000 Seagull Semiconductor Computer networking

United States

$19,000,000

June 5, 2000 HyNEX

Internet access

United States

$127,000,00 0

July 7, 2000

LAN switching

United States

$210,000,00 0

July 11, 2000 AuroraNetics

Computer networking

United States

$150,000,00 0

July 25, 2000 Komodo Technology

Voice over Internet Protocol

United States

$175,000,00 0

NuSpeed Internet Systems

iSCSI

United States

$450,000,00 0

August 1, 2000

IPmobile

Mobile software

United States

$425,000,00 0

August 31, 2000

PixStream

Media player (application software)

United States

$369,000,00 0

September 28, 2000

IPCell Technologies

Voice over Internet Protocol

United States

$200,000,00 0

September 28, 2000

Vovida Networks

Voice over Internet Protocol

United States

$169,000,00 0

November 13, 2000

Radiata

Wireless networking

United States

$295,000,00 0

December 14, 2000

ExiO Communications

Wireless networking

United States

$155,000,00 0

Virtual private networks

United States

$181,000,00 0

Computer networking

United States

$100,000,00 0

April 11, 2000 PentaCom

July 27, 2000

Netiverse

July 27, 2001 Allegro Systems May 1, 2002

Hammerhead Networking

MANAGERIAL PROCESS SKILLS

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May 1, 2002

Navarro Networks

July 25, 2002 AYR Networks

Computer networking

United States

$73,000,000

Computer networking

United States

$113,000,00 0

August 20, 2002

Andiamo Systems

Data storage

United States

$2,500,000,0 00

October 22, 2002

Psionic Software

Intrusion detection

United States

$12,000,000

January 24, 2003

Okena

Intrusion detection

United States

$154,000,00 0

March 19, 2003

SignalWorks

Echo cancellation

United States

$13,500,000

March 20, 2003

Linksys

Computer networking

United States

$500,000,00 0

November 12, 2003

Latitude Communications

Web conferencing

United States

$80,000,000

March 12, 2004

Twingo Systems

Computer security

United States

$5,000,000

March 22, 2004

Riverhead Networks

Computer security

United States

$39,000,000

June 17, 2004 Procket Networks

Routers

United States

$89,000,000

June 29, 2004 Actona Technologies

Data storage

United States

$82,000,000

July 8, 2004

Parc Technologies

Routers

United States

$9,000,000

August 23, 2004

P-Cube

Service Delivery Platform

United States

$200,000,00 0

September 13, 2004

dynamicsoft

Communication software

United States

$55,000,000

December 9, BCN Systems 2004

Routers

United States

$34,000,000

December 20, 2004

Network security

United States

$65,000,000

Protego Networks

MANAGERIAL PROCESS SKILLS

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LAN switching

United States

$250,000,00 0

April 26, 2005 Sipura Technology

Voice over Internet Protocol

United States

$68,000,000

June 27, 2005 Netsift

Computer networking

United States

$30,000,000

July 22, 2005 KISS Technology

Entertainment technology

United States

$61,000,000

July 26, 2005 Sheer Networks

Service management

United States

$97,000,000

April 14, 2005

Topspin Communications

September 30, 2005

Nemo Systems

Computer networking

United States

$12,500,000

November 18, 2005

Scientific-Atlanta

Digital cable

United States

$6,900,000,0 00

November 29, 2005

Cybertrust

Information gathering

United States

$14,000,000

March 7, 2006

SyPixx Networks

Surveillance

United States

$51,000,000

June 8, 2006 Metreos

Voice over Internet Protocol

United States

$28,000,000

June 8, 2006 Audium

Voice over Internet Protocol

United States

$19,800,000

July 6, 2006

Computer security

United States

$43,700,000

Meetinghouse

August 21, 2006

Arroyo Video Solutions Video on demand

United States

$92,000,000

October 25, 2006

Orative

Mobile software

United States

$31,000,000

January 4, 2007

Ironport

Computer security

United States

$830,000,00 0

March 15, 2007

WebEx

Web conferencing

United States

$3,200,000,0 00

October 23, 2007

Navini Networks

Wireless LAN

United States

$330,000,00 0

November 1, Securent 2007 MANAGERIAL PROCESS SKILLS

management

28 February 2009 United

$100,000,00 0 Page 8

April 8, 2008 Nuova Systems, Inc. June 10, 2008 DiviTech A/S

Computer networking management

United Denmark

September 19, 2008

Jabber

January 27, 2009

Richards-Zeta Building Building Intelligence Intelligence

Presence

$678,000,00 0 —

United States



United States



CISCO PARTNER Accelerate your time-to-opportunity by joining the strongest team in networking. Whether you provide products, services, or solutions, a partnership with Cisco is a major step forward in ensuring your continued business success. By becoming a Cisco partner, you can: •

Gain credibility: Capitalize on the Cisco brand, which commands recognition and respect in the marketplace.



Acquire credentials: Market your certified Cisco expertise as a competitive differentiator to customers.



Catch the momentum: Join the value-add partner program that is setting the pace in the industry.



Reap rewards: Team with the best to add value for customers and drive growth and profitability with Cisco.



Strengthen your relationship with Cisco and its sales organization: Position your company to take advantage of more sales opportunities than ever before.

MANAGERIAL PROCESS SKILLS

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References •

Harvard Business Review,2007 June ,pg 121.



Michael J.Martin, “Understanding the Network”, 2000, Techmedia.



Vishal Nagraj, “Team Leader”, 2004,Hathway Cables & Datacom.



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_acquisitions_by_Cisco_Systems



http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products



http://www.cisco.com/web/learning/index.html



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisco



http://www.cisco.com/web/partners/index.html

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