Evaluation Set #5 Group 4's Complete Assignment

Evaluation Set 5 Group 4 Reference Sources and Services Spring 2009 Christina Hill evaluated directory numbers 1, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and biographical numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 Terry Wasserman evaluated directory numbers 2, 3, 6, 12, 13, 14, 15 and biographical numbers 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 Meghan Glasgow evaluated directory numbers 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 26, 27 and biographical numbers 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 Jessica Venturo evaluated directory numbers 22, 23, 24 25, 28, 29 and biographical numbers 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25

Directories: AcgWeb’s Directory of Publishers and Vendors Scope An accompaniment to AcqNet which details acquisitions and collection development. The details are of links to information resources about collection development and acquisitions internationally. Audience Those inquiring about or professionals of acquisitions departments, vendors and publishers as well as librarians who duties include collection development. Format Web Based companion to AcqNet Comprehensiveness There are verifications if an item is still in print, pricings, listings, if it is present in web collections or online catalogs as well as web pages for library vendors and publishers, associations and organizations for acquisitions and collection development, journals in reference to collection development and acquisitions, reference resources and other search engines. Currency Updated once a month. References There is an advisory board of librarian directors Cost Free American Book Trade Directory Citation American Book Trade Directory 2008-2009. 54th ed. New Providence, N.J.: R.R. Bowker, 1999. Scope This directory includes 21,214 retailers and wholesalers—over 600 of which are new to this edition. It also includes almost 10,000 e-mail addresses, about 15,000 fax numbers and 12,500 websites. Audience This directory was intended for booksellers, publishers and others in the book trade. Format This book is available in a single print volume.

Authority This is the 54th edition published since 1915—it was published by Information Today, Inc., the publisher of Information Today, American Library Directory and Literary Market Place, amongst others. Selection This directory is meant to be complete and thus include all relevant retailers and wholesalers in the U.S. and Canada. Comprehensiveness Entries are listed alphabetically—there are six sections. The first is Retailers and Antiquarians, the second is Wholesalers, the third is Book Trade Information, the fourth is Dealers of Foreign Language Books, the fifth is an Index to the Types of Stores and the sixth is a general index. The information provided in each entry is chosen in order to allow the reader the best access to the right person/office for queries. Entries are concise without being abbreviated. Currency The most recent publication, the 55th edition, was put out this year—this directory is updated annually. Cost $309 American Library Directory Citation American Library Directory. 61st ed. 2 vols. New Providence, N.J.: R.R. Bowker, 2008. Scope The directory is a listing of academic, government, public and special libraries in the U.S. and Canada. Audience This directory can be used by the general public, students, librarians and information professionals. Format This directory is available in print in 2 volumes. Authority This is the 61st edition published—it was published by Information Today, Inc., the publisher of Information Today, American Book Trade Directory and Literary Market Place, amongst others. Selection

This is meant as a comprehensive directory, thus it attempts to include every library in the U.S. and Canada. Comprehensiveness Entries are arranged geographically and then alphabetized by state/province and then by city and then by library name. Entries provide the name of the library, its address, names of key personnel and the information on the library’s holdings. Entries may also include information on income, e-mail, subject interests, special collections, automation and publications. There are also organizational and personnel indicies. Currency Updated biennially until 1978, it has been updated annually since then. References Most information was provided by the libraries themselves, there is no mention of additional references. Cost The current edition costs $309. American School Directory Scope Over 105,000 schools ranging from Kindergarten to twelfth grade in the United States are listed. The entries contain, public, private and catholic schools, fax numbers, addresses, telephone numbers. Comprehensiveness Each entry contains at least school name, address, office telephone, principal’s name, grade levels and type of school. It is searchable by school name, city, country, or zip code as well as maps showing the location of the school. Currency There are weekly updates during the school’s academic calendar year. Cost Subscription is $9.99 per month or $36 per year. Annual Register of Grant Support Scope It is an authoritative reference source about financial support and grant funding. Audience For those seeking funding in the fields of business, civic improvement, and social welfare that benefit hospitals, organizations, community service groups, research facilities, and other institutions.

Format Print Selection Grants were chosen that fund construction, facilities, or project costs for education, medical research, health care, civic improvement, programs donating consulting services instead of a direct money grant. Comprehensiveness The details of each funding resource consists of type, purpose and duration of the grant; amount of money the foundation is willing to grant, the eligibility for grant applicants, most recent year of statistics available, application instructions and deadline; the foundations address, telephone number, fax number, email address, and website. Types of foundations listed offer non-repayable financial assistance directly to grantee, accept applicants from the United States or Canada, directed towards those earning their graduate or postgraduate degrees, etc. Currency Updated annually by the foundations. Changes in the entry are added and research is continuous by the staff up until weeks before date of publication. References An opportunity to update the entry data is offered to the foundations and funding sources. Any information not updated by the sources is then researched by the staff and is second hand information. Associations on the Net Citation Associations on the Net (AON). Retrieved on 17 April 2009 from: http://wwwsun.ipl.org.ar/ref/AON/ or http://www.ipl.org/div/aon/ Scope This site is a collection of over 2000 Internet sites providing information about associations. Within these associations there is a wide variety of associations and organizations including academic societies, advocacy groups, art and cultural, labour unions, political parties, and professional and trade associations. Audience This is a resource of the Internet Public Library (IPL) and as such is intended for public library users who use the internet. IPL includes a “kispace” and “teenspace,” but this particular information is meant for an adult audience. Format The online format has ten different main subject categories and then each is further broken down into additional sub-categories. The ten main categories are business & economics; computers & internet; education; entertainment & leisure; health & medical;

arts & humanities; law, government & political science; regional & country information; science & technology; and social sciences. Authority The IPL began as an exercise in a graduate seminar at the University of Michigan in 1995. For ten years U. Mich. ran the site for the benefit of the public and the site broadened to what it is today and incorporated new technology as it came into existence. In 2006, Drexel University began hosting the site, though U. Mich. stayed on as an active partner and the University of Florida became a collaborator as well. Selection The AON attempts to include all recognized associations and organizations within their ten categories. Associations either write in with their own information or users identify a source and the IPL staff checks the information. Comprehensiveness Each category is summarized in a sentence beneath the heading. Each entry includes the name and site of the association as well as a blurb describing it. The subject category and e-mail address are also included. Currency Most of the association information was put online before 2002, but newer associations have been included since then (and are only on the 2nd website noted above). References The sources of information that IPL uses are the homepages of the associations and organizations themselves. Cost IPL is a free service. D & B Million Dollar Directory Scope Comprised of over 160,000 companies, 50,000 of which are top companies. Format Print and Web Based Authority Collaboration of D&B with expert business partners Arrangement/Entries Arranged by specific companies and specific industries, each entry detailing key decision makers of the company and company prospect. The total employees, legal status, and annual US sales.

Currency Web site updated frequently D & B Companies Online Scope Commercial database source for information about businesses. More than 140 million business records, covering topics of risk management, sales and marketing, supply management which range over 190 countries. Audience Web site states it is for a diverse set of customers Format Web based. Comprehensiveness Entries may contain lawsuits, lien or judgments filed against the company, telephone numbers, changed numbers, and disconnected numbers, change of address, directorship, new business, company name change, or bankruptcy filed. Currency Use data collection tools that allow for updates over 1.5 million times per day. References (Sources of Information)- Data is integrated from a patented entity matching system which collects data from a variety of sources world wide. Directory of Research Grants Scope Up to date information about funding for research-related programs and projects, scholarships, fellowships, conferences and internships. Over 4,000 research funding programs. Audience Novice grant seekers and experienced grant seekers. Format Print; one volume. Selection Current foundations giving funds. Comprehensiveness Entries contain the description of the foundation, what the requirements are for funding, the amount of money being granted the previous year’s amount of grant, the contact information with full address, telephone number, email and website, along with the deadline.

Currency Updated annually. Directory of Special Libraries and Information Centers Directory of Special Libraries and Information Centers. Retrieved from Gale’s Ready Reference via NYPL.org on 19 April 2009. Directory of Special Libraries and Information Centers. 24th ed. 3 vols. Detroit: Gale, 1999. Scope The Directory of Special Libraries and Information Centers (DSLIC) includes information on more than 34,000 special libraries and information centers internationally. Special libraries, unlike public or academic ones, are restricted in their content by subject matter and would include such libraries as museum or historical society libraries, law libraries, medical libraries, corporate libraries and special collections (if maintained separately) of public or academic libraries. The directory covers topics from anatomy to zoology and everything in between. Audience The audience for DSLIC would be students, researchers or even the general public— anyone who is looking for subject-specific resources (particularly someone looking for primary source materials). Format The DSLIC is available both in print as well as online. The online format is available through Gale Ready Reference which is a subscriber service. The libraries and information centers can be accessed by doing a nominal, geographic or topical keyword search. Authority Thomson Gale is a highly respected reference publisher and the authority for this source. Selection This is intended as a comprehensive source and as such attempts to include all special libraries/collections and information centers. Comprehensiveness Each entry includes information on contacting, personnel, subjects, special collections, holdings, subscriptions, services, automated operations, OPAC availability, electronic resources, networks/consortia, publications, special catalogs, special indexes and subject categories (approximately 1000 words). Currency The most current print edition is from 2004 and the online source is also copyrighted to that year. It is updated periodically.

References The information is cross-referenced, but acquired from the original source and so there are no additional references. Cost Amazon is selling the print edition for $410 (per volume). Encyclopedia of Associations: National Organization of the United States Citation Gale, (2009). Encyclopedia of Associations: National Organization of the United States . Detroit: Gale Publishing. Scope The material has over 25,000 organizations, some of which are as follows; public administration, engineering, educational, federations, Social welfare, labor unions, military, legal, etc. Format Print; Two volumes. Authority Entries are provided by the organizations listed within the material. Arrangement/Entries Eighteen subject sections have entries that detail the contact information of the organization’s name, founding date, head of the organization, staff, budget, languages, description, libraries, geographic awards, services, staff, scope, conventions and meetings, regional affiliates, publications, services, and awards. There is a key of abbreviations. Currency Last edition was published in 2009. Indexes The six indexes include a geographic index, keyword and name index, a description of numbered elements and an executive index. Cost $660.00 The Foundation Directory Citation Jacobs, D. G. (2008). The Foundation directory, 2008. New York: Foundation Center. Scope

A listing of private foundations affording grants to the community projects in the United States. Format Print; one volume and Web Based Authority Compiled by the staff of the Foundations Center, Inc. Arrangement/Entries The material’s entries contain in alphabetical order the address, name, funding description, data for previous funding years, officer and trustee list, as well as the IRS Employer Identification Number. The material provides a list of the top ten foundations reported that fiscal year. Currency Yearly. Indexes Index contains, Donors, trustees and officers, support, subject, newly added foundations, and foundation names. Cost Subscription costs for web based and 2006 print $195 Foundation Center Foundation Center. Retrieved on 18 April 2009 from www.fdncenter.org Scope This online source provides a virtual ocean of information on foundations that provide grants. The site provides information on grant-seeking, grant-writing, classes and tutorials for grant-seekers as well as non-profit managers/fundraisers and a large, librarian-approved reference guide to over 20 different topics. Audience The audience for this website includes individuals seeking grants, grant fundraisers, grant makers, the media and the general public. Format This online format is user-friendly and efficient. There are five main drop-down menus (Get Started, Find Funders, Gain Knowledge, View Events and Shop) as well as ten buttons across the top of the screen. There is a Welcome box and a What’s New/Headlines/Events box on the homepage too. Authority

The website is run by the Foundation Center, a non-profit founded in 1956. The Foundation is a well-respected authority on philanthropy, non-profits and grant makers. Their mission is to broaden public knowledge about U.S. philanthropies. Selection They seek to publish all useful information about U.S. grants and philanthropies. Comprehensiveness The website provides a bevy of information on foundations, philanthropies and grant makers, including a “foundation finder” service. The finder provides the contact information, the types of grants made, the IRS exemption status, the tax data and the EIN of the foundation. The “trend tracker” provides charts on philanthropies financial activity and the “990 finder” provides the total assets, type of form, number of pages and EIN for the philanthropy (all told, approximately 500 words on each foundation/philanthropy). Currency The website claims that the website is updated daily. References The website refers to their Foundations Online subscription service, their daily news service Philanthropy News Digest and their annual Foundations Today Series. Cost This website is free to the public. Foundations Online Citation Foundations On-line. Retrieved 19 April 2009 from http://fconline.foundationcenter.org/ Scope This is a subscription service that allows users to search the Foundation Center databases. These databases include information on over 95,000 foundations, corporate donors and grant-making public charities in the U.S. and 1.3 million of their recent grants. Audience The site is intended for grant-seekers, grant-makers, policy makers and the media. Format The online format requires a certain amount of work on the user’s part—there are many boxes to be filled in and it takes a certain amount of time. However, nothing compared to writing an actual grant application, so in that sense it’s a gentle foreboding of what’s to come. The homepage includes four main categories: Search Grantmakers, Search Companies, Search Grants and Search 990s. There are tutorials and tours of the site, free newsletters, Eye on FDO (blog), foundation-related stories and Update Central. Authority

The authority of the site is based on that of the Foundation Center, a non-profit founded in 1956. The Foundation is a well-regarded authority on philanthropies, non-profits and other grant makers. Their mission is to broaden public knowledge about U.S. philanthropies. Selection All respected U.S. grant-making organizations are included—however, in a search, the searcher may limit the organizations to those that have given out grants recently. The searcher will also limit the search by state, type of grant making organization, type of grant, etc. Comprehensiveness The FDO provides all of the necessary information for a grant-seeker to assess a philanthropy: a profile, basic information about the philanthropy, the donor, the background of the philanthropy, their limitations, their purpose and activities, their program areas, fields of interest, geographic focus, types of support, publications, application information, officers and trustees, number of staff, memberships, financial data, additional location information and selected grants (each entry, in its entirety contains thousands of words). Currency The site is worked on daily and the information is updated regularly, as needed. References Foundation and philanthropy websites are referenced. Cost The cost of a subscription begins at $19.95 a month; however, the site can be accessed for free at at all Foundation Centers and collaborating sites. Hoover’s Online Citation Hoovers. Retrieved on 17 April 2009 from www.hoovers.com Scope Hoovers offers business information and analysis on its website through a database of over 25 million corporations and organizations. It offers free and paid-subscription only information. Audience Hoovers main source of revenue comes from selling its paid-subscription services to marketing, sales and business development professionals. Format

Hoovers is online as well as published in a print form. The online form includes tabs for Companies, People, Industries and Expert Advice as well as newsletters and two blogs (bizmologies). Searchers can browse through companies alphabetically or geographically as well as view industry overviews. Authority Hoovers has been a subsidiary of Dun & Bradstreet (D&B) since 2003. D&B is one of the best recognized and regarded names in business information and research in the field. Selection All pertinent information on corporations and organizations business information is included in the database. Comprehensiveness Each entry offers a brief overview of the subject and then, for the companies it states the headquarters, the news about the company, the financials and the jobs (all the data together is about 1500 words). In the case of industry overviews, there are 11 subject headings (under which are over a hundred sub-categories): Construction and Real Estate; Finance and Insurance; Food and Agriculture; Healthcare; Manufacturing; Public Service, Education and Recreation; Retails; Services; Technology and Communications; Transportation, Energy and Storage; and Wholesale. Currency (which will include frequency of publication) References Though most of the articles were written for Hoover, often the author’s name and home institution are listed (as proof of authority). Hoovers also includes information from TheLadders.com, Going Public LLC, Comcast Business, Franchise Gator, Kolbe Corp. and features sponsors (e.g., The Ladders) as well as partners (e.g., Franchise Gator). Cost The student rate subscription begins at $50/month, the executive at $75/month or $845 for the year. Literary Market Place Citation Information Today, Inc. (2008). Literary market place: LMP 2009 : the directory of the American book publishing industry with industry yellow pages. Medford, NJ: Information Today. Scope Literary Market Place is a complete business directory for the American book publishing industry. It attempts to include all United States and Canadian publishers who produce more than three books annually. This does not apply to publishers to dictionaries, encyclopedias, atlases, Braille books, or University Presses. Literary agents are only

included Literary Market Place has received three letters of recommendations from publishers, on the list, that have worked with the agent. Format This text is available in print, the newest edition is 2009. Authority If any type of mistake is found within the text corrections can be submitted to the editors through the website. Arrangement/Entries Entries are arranged in two easy to use volumes and 54 sections meant to organize everyone and everything having to do with the publishing industry. Volume one contains publishing industry information such as book publishers in the United States, Canada, and internationally if they have a U.S. office, book clubs, distributors, agents, organizations, events and literary awards. Each entry contains the name of the organization, address, telephone number, key personnel, branch offices, annotations and some descriptive information about the company. The second volume contains “yellow pages” of the industry and a directory of publishers and their toll free numbers. The “yellow pages” contains and alphabetical list of companies and personnel. Currency Literary market Place gets published annually with additions and revisions to old entries. Indexes This text contains four indexes: Company Index; Personnel index; directory of publishers’ toll free numbers; and a general index to all of the sections. Cost The 2009 print version of this text can be purchased for $309.00. Literary Market Place Online Citation Information Today, (2009). Literary Market Place Online. Retrieved April 19, 2009, from Literary Market Place Web site: http://www.literarymarketplace.com Scope This text has a similar scope to that of Literary Market Place however in addition to that printed text International Literary Market Place is also included. International Literary Market Place adds information from more than 180 countries. Format Online, it is the electronic version of Literary Market Place and International Literary Market Place. Authority

If any type of mistake is found within the text corrections can be submitted to the editors through the website. Arrangement / Entries The online version of Literary Market Place has joined with International Literary Market Place to bring subscribers listings on more than 30,000 companies, books, periodicals, awards, organizations, agents, and more. Search options on the website include quick search and advanced search. In advanced search there are four options to limit results and obtain the desired results quickly including: Publishers; Agents; Trade Services; and Trade Resources. Other search options include subject search, location, and name. In addition to the search options it is possible to view alphabetical listings of publishers, agents, and several industry services. Similar to the print text entries contain name, address, telephone number, key personnel, annotations, and some more descriptive company information. Currency literarymarketplace.com is updated continuously. Cost An annual subscription to literarymarketplace.com cost $399.00 or a weekly subscription can be purchased for $19.99. National Faculty Directory Citation Gale Group, & MSGi Direct. (2001). National faculty directory. Detroit: Gale Group. Scope National Faculty Directory is a list of more 900,000 members of teaching faculties in the United States and some Canadian institutions. Community colleges, four-year colleges, and universities are included. The text covers more than 4,600 American colleges, and 240 Canadian institutions that use English instructional materials. Faculty members included in this text are obtained from class schedules and academic catalogs. Format This directory is available in print format and through Gale Directory Library. Authority This text is published by Gale. Arrangement/Entries Each entry includes the name of the faculty member in bold print, their job title, address, institution name, department, and phone number. Entries are arranged in alphabetical order according to surname. Currency

This text is updated annually, each October, with supplements being published annually in April. Each supplement contains the names of faculty members not included in the most recent edition. Cost The most recent edition, edition 40, of the 2008 National Faculty Directory is available through Gale for $1124.00. Peterson’s Citation Peterson’s. Retrieved April 19, 2009 from http://www.petersons.com/ Scope Peterson’s is a website that contains information on colleges, universities, graduate schools, career schools, online and continuing education, summer opportunities, study abroad, and K-12 schools and programs. In addition to basic information on each of these types of programs there is also financial aid such as scholarship information, and payment planning; college planning; test preparation; chats with experts; and career exploration. Format Peterson’s is available in print and online from http://www.petersons.com/. Authority Peterson’s has been published since 1966. Arrangement/Entries Entry information contains names of schools, location of schools, amount of students enrolled, SAT scores, ACT scores, tuition, and entrance difficulty. Some entries also have an extend listing with virtual tours, pictures, and live chats. Entries can be located through school searches. Search criteria on the site includes: location; size; male-female ratios; GPA; Selectivity; majors; clubs; housing; and more. Searches can also be done by subject or name. Currency This website is updated continuously. Cost Website is available free of cost. PhoneDisc Scope PhoneDisc is a CD-ROM phone number listing of business, and residential listings. Through PhoneDisc several options such as PhoneDisc Business which offers 9.5 million business listings or PhoneDisc USA Residential which contains 81 million residential listings are available. Items are collected from phone books, and from mailing lists.

Format This is a CD-ROM format phone number directory. Authority Published by Info USA Currency Does not seem to be produced any longer Publishers Directory Citation Publishers directory. (2008). Detroit: Thomson Gale. Scope Publisher’s Directory includes approximately 30,000 United States and Canadian publisher, distributor, and wholesalers. Companies included range from small presses to groups promoting special interests from ethnic heritage to alternative medical treatments. Format Available in print and online. Authority Published by Gale Publishing. Arrangement/Entries Entries include full contact information; basic information about the publisher including sales, numbers of employees, date founded, affiliates, mergers, number of new titles, total titles, description of activities, ISNBs, and other useful data; subjects of concentration; listings of key officers and personnel; special services; subdivision and branch offices; and more. Entries are organized alphabetically by the name of the publisher. Currency The next edition to be available will be in November of 2009. This text is updated twice a year. Indexes Indexes give access point through name, imprints, areas of specialization and geographically. Cost The print edition of the text cost $641.00 while for information on the online version a person must contact Gale Publishing’s representatives. Research Centers and Services Directories Citation Research Centers and Services Directory. Retrieved April 20, 2009 from

http://www.gale.cengage.com/pdf/facts/rcsd.pdf Scope Research Centers and Services Directory is a comprehensive guide to nonprofit research organizations — government, university, independent nonprofit and commercial R&D organizations operating in the U.S and throughout the world. Format This is a web-based resource. Authority The information is compiled by Gale-Cengage, a leading database vendor. Arrangement/Entries Searchable fields include: Research facility/institution name, Alternate and former name(s), Acronym, contact information, Head of organization, E-mail and home page, Sources of support, Annual research budget, Affiliations, Memberships, Research activities and fields, Special resources, Publications and services, Meetings/educational activities, Awards (Fellowships, grants, scholarships and other forms of financial assistance), subject descriptor, and more. Currency Updated constantly Indexes N/A Cost Varies depending on ordering institution. Research Centers Directory Citation Research Centers Directory. (2004). (31st ed.) Farmington Hills, MI: Thomson Gale. Scope This directory lists nearly 13,700 university-related and other nonprofit research organizations with established, permanent research programs in agriculture, astronomy and space sciences, behavioral and social sciences, biological sciences and ecology, business and economics, computers and mathematics, education, engineering and technology, government and public affairs, humanities and religion, labor and industrial relations, law, medical sciences, physical and earth sciences, and regional and area studies. Format

This is a print directory published in two volumes. It is also available in electronic format on CD-ROM. Authority Published by Thomson Gale, one of the leading authorities in reference titles. Arrangement/Entries Listings are arranged into 17 sections by subject, which are grouped into five broad categories. Entries are arranged alphabetically within each section. The first volume contains an introduction, a user's guide, a list of abbreviations and the descriptive listings. The second volume contains the four indexes. Currency This volume was published in 2004. A supplement titled New Research Centers is available between printings of new editions. Indexes The second volume contains four indexes. The Master Index is a arranged alphabetically and contains former names. The Personal Name Index lists alphabetically the names of all research staff listed in the directory. The Geographic Index lists centers by the city and state or province in which they are based and includes complete contact information. The Subject Index provides terms and cross-references for classifying research centers based on their primary fields of study. Standard & Poor’s Register of Corporations, Directors, and Executives Citation Standard & Poor’s Register of Corporations, Directors and Executives. (2009). Charlottesville, VA: McGraw-Hill Scope The Register provides descriptive listings of over 75,000 corporations, the names and titles of over 390,000 executives, and 77,000 biographical sketches of top-level managers in the United States and Canada. Format The Register is published in two print volumes. Authority Information in the directory originates from Standard & Poor’s databases, and is revised with the assistance of daily news services, press announcements, trade publications, and contact with listed companies.

Arrangement/Entries Volume 1 contains an alphabetical listing of corporations by name. Each entry includes the company’s contact information, officer descriptions, the names of company service providers, stock information, a description of the company’s products and services, North American Industrial Classification System code, annuals sales, number of employees, division names and functions, subsidiaries, and affiliates. Volume 2 has two sections. The first contains individual listings of directors and executives, along with their business affiliations, contact information, year and place of birth, college and year of graduation, and fraternal memberships. The second section contains the indices. Currency The 2009 Register contains over 600 new corporate listings and over 11,500 new individual listings. It is updated yearly. Indexes The second section of Volume 2 contains the indices, which are divided into seven sections. These include: a guide to the use of NAICS code numbers, a cross-reference to listed corporations by NAICS number, a geographical index, a corporate family index, an obituary section, a list of new individual additions, and a list of new company additions. Subject Collections Citation Subject Collections. (1993). (7th ed.). New Providence, NJ: R.R. Bowker Scope This directory provides a listing of special book collections and subject emphases as reported by university, college, public, and special libraries and museums in the United States and Canada. Format Published in two print volumes Authority To compile the directory, editors sent questionnaires to listed institutions. Entries that were compiled through research by the editors have been marked with a dagger. Arrangement/Entries Entries are arranged geographically under Library of Congress Subject Headings, then alphabetically by the name of the library. The first volume contains subject headings from A to L and the second volume contains M to Z. Currency The most recent edition was published in 1993. Indexes No index

Cost Unavailable Thomas Register of American Manufacturers Citation Thomas Publishing Company. (2003). Thomas register of American manufacturers, 2003. New York: Thomas Pub. Scope Thomas Register of American Manufactures, 2003 edition, contains 20 volumes of information on products and services of approximately 160,000 United States companies. Format Thomas Register is available in print, CD-ROM, and electronically through Dialog. It is also available on the internet at http://www.thomasnet.com/ for free. Authority Published by Thomas Publishing. Arrangement/Entries The 20 volumes of this text are divided into three sections: Products and Services; Catalog File; and Company Profiles. Volumes 1 through 17 contain the products and services, offering a subject approach to the text. These entries are arranged alphabetically by the service or product. Within each product or service entry manufacturers or sources are listed by state and organized within states alphabetically. Each of these entries includes company name and contact information. Volumes 18 and 19 contain the company profiles organized alphabetically. Each entry includes typical directory information such as company name, phone numbers, addresses, and type of product offered. Additional information could include: president’s name; subsidiaries and divisions of the company; and a complete product line. The Catalog File section contains the complete, current catalogs for more than 2,000 companies. These catalogs are crossreferenced to entries in the first two sections of the text. Currency This text is updated annually. Online versions are updated more often, for example Dialog updates quarterly. Indexes Volume 17 contains the index of products and services. It can be found directly following that section of the text. Volume 17 also contains the trademarks and brand names index. Cost The complete text is available on the web at http://www.thomasnet.com/ free of change.

The World of Learning Citation The Europa world of learning 2009. (2008). London: Routledge. Scope The World of Learning is an international directory which provides information on research institutions, libraries, museums, and universities. The World of Learning includes more than 30,000 profiles of academic institutions and more than 200,000 staff. Each type of place of higher learning is included in the text including 6,200 entries in Universities and colleges, 6,600 research institutions, 3,000 museums and art galleries, 5,300 learned societies, 2,500 libraries and archives, and 26,000 publications. Format This directory is available in both print and online formats. Authority It is published by Routledge and the 2009 edition will is its 58. Arrangement/Entries The minimum entry within this text contains the name of the institution, address, and telephone number. Other features which can be contained in each entry include: number of teachers and students; publication produced by the institution; institutions affiliated with it; names of faculty members; e-mail addresses; and collection details. Entries are organized by country. Within each country section there are further subdivisions into museums or art galleries, learned societies, libraries, universities and colleges, and others. Each institution is then organized alphabetically. Currency This text is updated annually. Indexes An alphabetical index is provided at the end of the volume. Cost The 2009 print edition can be purchased from amazon.com for $633.93. Yearbook of International Organizations Citation Yearbook of International Organizations (1978). Brussels: Union of International Associations. Scope This directory provides listings of governmental and non-governmental organizations from around the world that have an international focus.

Format The book was published as a single print volume. The current edition is published in six volumes, and a CD-ROM version exists as well. Authority Inclusion in the directory was determined by the aims of the organization, its membership, structure, finance, relations with other organizations, activities, and other internationally based criteria. Arrangement/Entries The Yearbook is divided into two sections. Section A provides descriptive listings of entries arranged by a number assigned by the publisher. Each entry includes the organization’s name, addresses, date established, aims, structure, staff, languages, finance, consultative status, NGO relations, activities, conferences, publications, members, and classification. Section B provides a listing of organizations with their numbers and inactive and defunct organizations. Currency The only edition I had access to was published in 1975. The most recent volume was published in six volumes in 2009. A new edition is published yearly. Indexes The book contains seven indexes, which provide cross-references to listings by subject, region, English name, other-language names, geographic location, initials and acronyms, English keyword, and French keyword. Cost The most recent edition may be purchased from the publisher for $2894. AnyWho Directories Citation AnyWho Directories. Retrieved April 19, 2009 from http://anywho.com/ Scope AnyWho Directory is an online directory that contains White Pages which a reverse lookup, Yellow Pages, Maps and driving directions, and an area code lookup. Format AnyWho Directory is strictly and online phone service. Authority White Page information is provided by Intelius Inc. and is derived from public records. Yellow page information is obtained from yellowpages.com.

Arrangement/Entries Entries contain the name of the person, the address, and phone number. White page searches can be completed if the last name of the person is known along with the state, city, zip code, or first name. Background and e-mail searches are also available though this option. A reverse lookup can be completed if the phone number is known. Yellow pages can be searched by general subject or by specific company or organization. Results are limited by location. Currency Entries are updated on a continuous basis. Cost This website is free to use.

Biographies: Almanac of Famous People Scope Guide to more than 36,000 famous and infamous newsmaker from biblical times to present day. Entries detail the best known name of the individual, the complete name of the individual, the nickname, name of a group he or she was/is associated with; dates and places of birth and when appropriate death; as well as the nationality and occupation. Those considered newsworthy are those who earned popular recognition, caused controversy, or involved in scandal or crime. The persons are covered internationally. Audience Public or University libraries. Format Print Selection By the Gale Group Comprehensiveness There is an extensive list of popular reference sources such as indexes chronologically by year, date, geography, and occupation. Cost $195.00

American National Biography Scope Over 400 biographies of people who died between 1996-early 2001. Some persons mentioned include slaves, composers, assassins, and first ladies. The focus is on people of American decent, around 17,500 historical figures are profiled. Audience Those inquiring about American history, university and school libraries. Format Print and Web Based; 24 volumes Selection Complicated and produced by the American Council of Learned Societies. Comprehensiveness It is indexed by occupations and realms of renown. Cost $1,995 Biographical Information http://www.library.uiuc.edu/rex/erefs/biography.htm http://www.uiuc.libguides.com/content.php?pid=2438 **Link did not work but I found the biographical section of the university of Illinois Library web site. Scope General reference sources well detail prominent historical figures with a brief overview of biographical information. Audience Students of the University of Illinois Format Web based Selection Based on reliable and affordable databases for the University. Comprehensiveness National and International searches for bibliographic sources, people, obituaries and other people in the news, Genealogy Master Index, Biography Resource Center which contains over 325,000 people through history around the world spanning many disciplines and subject areas. There are over 427,000biographies from over 960 volumes and more than 135 Gale sources with full-text articles from over 270 magazines.

Currency Updated frequently. References University librarians in the serials acquisitions department. Cost No cost to students (other than tuition cost) http://www.library.uiuc.edu/rex/erefs/biography.htm Citation Biography. Retrieved 20 April 2009 from http://www.library.uiuc.edu/rex/erefs/biography.html Scope This source is an index of electronic biography resources. It includes 17 databases, 2 of which are open and accessible to the general public and 15 of which are subscription services. Audience The audience for this website would undoubtedly be college and university students and staff. Format This is an online resource. Authority The reference staff at the University Library at the University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign (the main U. of Illinois campus) is the authority for the source. Selection The site includes electronic biographical information that is deemed to be useful in college level research. Comprehensiveness Each entry gives a comprehensive explanation of the site, its uses and the types of entries it provides. Entries on this site are approximately 350 words long. Currency The website is updated frequently: more than once a month. References Within the short explanations of the site there is no room for additional references. However, many of the websites that are linked to include references in their entries. Cost

This is a free service. Biography and Genealogy Master Index Scope/Purpose Shows multiple listings for the same person, more than 12 million biographical sketches, biographical dictionaries, who’s whos, subject encyclopedias, volumes of literary criticism, indexes of reference books containing multiple biographies. Format Print; three volumes Selection Compiled by Mirana C. Herbert and Barbara McNeil. Comprehensiveness Extensively give biographies of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Individuals names, birth, and death dates when appropriate. Currency Updates added to next edition. References Source document is included in the entry. Cost $325 Biography.com Scope Biography videos, audio, people database, top ten searched biographies, Bio channel television shows, top ten searched videos, and other related sites on AETN networks. Audience Biography channel viewers and other television viewers or internet inquirers. Format Web Based and television channel. Comprehensiveness Very lengthy biographies that include picture of the individual, videos and images related to the individual, a photo gallery, related projects of the person, people related to the person who are of significance, and related sites. Cost Free

Biography Index Citation Biography Index. Webb, W. (ed.). NY: H.W. Wilson, 1984. Biography Index. Retrieved on 19 April from http://www.hwwilson.com/databases/bioind.htm Scope The indicies are published quarterly with annual cumulations beginning in 1946 to the present. The information from the 1984 and onwards cumulations can be found in the database. Each year the Index covers the over 3000 publications indexed by Wilson, plus other selected journals and 2000 biographies or collective biographies or books that contain some biographical materials. Audience The Index is intended for a general and scholarly audience. Format In addition to the print format, there is an online format Biography Index 1984-present and a retrospective (which includes the new materials as well) Biography Index Past and Present. Authority H.W. Wilson is one of the most well-regarded publishers in the industry; it is an authority in and of itself. Selection The Index includes such biographical items as interviews, poetry, obituaries, collections of letters, diaries, memoirs and bibliographies. Comprehensiveness The Index is intended to be comprehensive. Entries are listed alphabetically, letter by letter, by last name—they are very short, approximately 50 words and the list of abbreviations is essential in discerning an entry’s meaning. Currency Originally published quarterly with annual cumulations, the online version is now revised at least monthly with daily updates. References The print version includes a Checklist of Composite Books Analyzed for the reader to refer to. Cost Print editions (retrospective available only) are $395 and an online subscription is also $395.

Cambridge Biographical Encyclopedia Citation Cambridge Biographical Encyclopedia. 2nd ed. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Scope The Cambridge Biographical Encyclopedia (CBE) contains approximately 11,600 biographies ranging from a sentence or two to full length treatments. More attention is paid to 20th c. personalities and special attention has been put to redressing the imbalance found in many biographical dictionaries regarding their coverage of minorities. Audience The CBE is geared towards a general audience as well as students. Format The CBE is available in print—the information contained within CBE is available on www.biography.com the website for the A&E’s Biography television series. Authority Cambridge University Press is the oldest printer and publisher in the world and one of the largest academic publishers. It is a name so well-known that nearly anyone, scholar, student or layman alike, will have heard of it and trust it. Selection In addition to making a concerted effort to include more women, African-Americans, Aborigines and Maori, the CBE makes a point of including an international variety of personalities, especially those from English speaking countries. Comprehensiveness (which will include length of entry) Organized alphabetically, the Cambridge Biographical Encyclopedia contains around 1600 full length entries. In addition there is a 150 page Ready Reference section of short entries on over 10,000 people. Most entries are around 70 words, but there are a few cases of whole page biographical essays. Each entry includes birth time/place information, family, career and any other pertinent information about the person. Currency The 2nd edition has 500 additional people and has coverage through the year 1998. References The print version includes cross-references—the online version does as well and also includes references to other books on the same person. Cost This can be purchased from Amazon.com for anywhere from $3-$41. Contemporary Authors

Citation Contemporary Authors. Retrieved on 19 April 2009 via the New York Public Library’s Access to Galenet. Scope The electronic version has 135,298 contemporary authors. This source lists biographical details on current writers as well as well-known 20th c. literary figures; on journalists, non-fiction writers, novelists, playwrights, poets and screenwriters. Audience This source is geared towards students, book club members, journalists and legal departments. Format This source is available in print editions as well as electronically. The print editions are no longer being produced. Authority Information is generally provided by the authors themselves or by their publishers—so the authority is fairly well-informed. The publisher, Gale, is widely recognized for their research materials and is a highly-respectable authority. Selection Authors listed are generally those who have been published in commercial print or by university presses—the list also includes prominent journalists, cartoonists and screenwriters as well as the literary greats of the early 20th century. Comprehensiveness Each entry contains a full length profile of the author ranging anywhere from 5500 words to 12,000 or more. Most entries include the authors name, personal information (birthdate/place, family data, etc…), genre, autobiographical essays, pseudonym, nationality, ethnicity, education, political preference, religion, avocational interests, addresses, career summary, memberships, awards and honors, biographical and critical sources. Currency Data updates are continuous online. The print version is updated periodically. References Each entry includes further reading on or about the personality profiled. Cost The print version can be purchased on Amazon.com for $255 and for the online subscription, interested parties must contact Gale directly.

Current Biography Citation Current Biography Yearbook 2004. Thompson, C. (ed.). NY: H.W. Wilson, 2004. Wilson Current Biography. Retrieved on 20 April 2009 from http://www.ovid.com/site/catalog/DataBase/174.jsp Scope Each yearbook contains new and updated biographical profiles and thus supersedes the previous edition. The electronic version contains more than 15,580 biographies and more than 9260 obituaries covering 15,000 individuals from 1940 to today. Audience The Current Biography series is geared towards students, researchers and reference librarians. Format Current Biography is a monthly publication with annual yearbooks. It is available in a print edition. All biographies from 1940 onwards are available electronically. Authority This source is published by Wilson, one of the best-regarded publishers in the industry. In addition, the writers and editors are all listed. Selection Individuals are chosen for selection based on their prominence—Wilson attempts to include all living leaders in all fields of accomplishment. Obituaries are provided for these prominent people as well. Comprehensiveness In the print edition there are different sections for biographical sketches, obituaries and then classifications by profession and an index. All are ordered alphabetically. Each entry provides such biographical information as profession, gender, birthplace, date of birth, education, race/ethnicity and much more. Entries tend to be fairly long, 2500 words. Currency Eleven publications come out a year and then an annual cumulation. 200-450 additional profiles are added annually. The electronic version is updated regularly. References Each entry includes a bibliography. Also, the preface refers to the many magazines, newspapers, etc. that were used as reference in order to create the biographies and obituaries. Cost An annual subscription is $175 and a single copy can be purchased for $50.

Dictionary of American Biography Citation Dictionary of American Biography. Vol. 22, supp. 2. New York: Scribner’s, 1958. Scope This supplement to the Dictionary of American Biography (DAB) covers biographies of well known American who died between 1936-1940. The DAB itself covers biographies from the beginning of our national entity until the early part of the 1930s. The first supplement picks up there and covers biographies of well-known Americans until 1935. Audience The DAB is intended for a general as well as scholarly audience. Format The DAB is in a print version; 20 volumes of the original with 10 supplements extending up to the year 1980. Authority DAB is published by Scribner’s, one of the oldest and most venerable publishing houses in the U.S. (it was purchased by Gale a decade ago). Entries are signed by the authors. Selection Biographies of the best known Americans (as understood by Scribner’s) are included in each the original 20 volumes, alphabetically. Each supplement includes biographies of well-known individuals who have died within the four year period the supplement covers. Comprehensiveness Signed entries contain approximately 600-6000 words; there are also mini-biographies that have fewer words. Entries are fair and objective and the preface claims that every effort was made to secure new information and not to simply rehash old standards. However, there are fewer minorities represented here than there should be. Currency The most recent edition, supplement 10 includes biographies of well-known Americans who died before 1980. Each supplement also includes corrections to the most recent edition. References Each entry includes a list of references at the end that will help the scholar or student find out more information about the individual. Cost Copies of the DAB can be gotten on Amazon.com for $75-$350. Dictionary of American Negro Biography

Citation Logan, R. W., & Winston, M. R. (1982). Dictionary of American Negro biography. New York: Norton. Scope Dictionary of American Negro Biography includes more than 700 entries of African Americans who have contributed to the history of America over more than three decades. People included range from athletes, artists, and scientists to cowboys, and explorers. Audience This work is geared toward reference work and being used in a library. Format Dictionary of American Negro Biography is available in print format. Authority This text took more than ten years to compile and includes many facts that previously unknown to anyone but experts. It is published by W.W. Norton. Each essay included is written by an expert and is signed by the author. Selection People included must be African Americans who contributed significantly to the history of America. Comprehensiveness Entries are arranged in alphabetical order based on the surname. Each entry ranges from a few paragraphs to several pages. They each include the name in bold font, birth and death dates, and an essay which includes a short biography and important events in the person life. No index is included in this work. Currency The text was first published in 1982. It has not but updated or edited since. References References are included at the end of each entry. The type of reference is explained by the author such as “Basic Facts can be found at…” or “… has many useful references.” Cost This text can be purchased through Amazon.com of only $9.00; the original cost was $50. Dictionary of National Biography Citation Stephen, L., & Lee, S. (1909). The Dictionary of national biography. New York: Macmillan.

Scope The 1996 version of Dictionary of National Biography included essay entries about 37,986 deceased people from Great Britain, Ireland and the British Colonies. Since the original was published in 1909, ten supplements have been released. Format Dictionary of National Biography is available in Print, CD-ROM, and online through subscription formats. Some information is available through the online version free of charge. Authority This text is published by Oxford, since 1917, and each essay included in the collection is written by scholars. Selection Any deceased person who lived in Great Britain, Ireland, or one of its colonies and contributed to the history of Great Britain can be included in this text. Comprehensiveness Each entry contains and essay ranging from a few paragraphs to more than 100 pages. On average the length of the essay is approximately one page. Each essay includes information such as birth and death dates, facts and dates from the subject’s personal life as well as the public life, and important events. These essays are easy to understand. Other helpful features include an index also known as Concise Dictionary of National Biography that serves the original printing and all supplements. This text also gives a brief introduction to each person included in the larger text. The online text contains more than 56,862 biographies and 10,400 illustrations. Through CD-ROM and online versions keyword searching is available. Currency Some essay date back to the original publication of the text, however new entries are added consistently with ten supplements since the first printing. References References on the sources used to write each biographical essay are provided a the end of the essay. Cost The online version is available for either $295 for one year or $29.95 a month. For the newest edition through Oxford the print version costs $2,500. Encyclopedia of World Biography Citation Gale Research Inc. (1998). Encyclopedia of world biography. Detroit: Gale Research.

The International Who's Who, 2000. 63rd ed. London: Europa, 1999. Scope Encyclopedia of World Biography contains 17 volumes with more than 7,000 entries of notable people from all over the world, although an effort was made to include Asian and African historical figures. Entries include both the living and dead from all professions. The new additional also has 500 completely new entries. Audience This text is geared toward school age children but is very useful to all age groups through adulthood. Format This text is available in print, ebook, and online through a subscription with Gale’s Biographical Resource Center which also provides access to Who’s Who and others. Authority Each article is written by a scholar who is extremely well versed on the subject. The articles were signed in the 1973 edition but not in this edition. The text is also published by Gale Research Inc. Selection The selection of people was done to include individuals who were useful to school age children through college. A special effort was made to include people of Asian and African cultures. Comprehensiveness This text contains 17 volumes with more than 7,000 entries. The seventeenth volume of the text is an index. Entries are arranged alphabetically by surname with portraits included where available. The length of each entry differs between person but most include birth and death dates and locations, a short description of why there are included, and a detailed biography with information such as childhood, school years and college, inspirations, events leading to their major achievements, their major achievements, and life afterwards. Currency The 1998 edition of the Encyclopedia of World Biography contains 40 % more information than the 1973. This update was the first in more than 25 years. Supplements are printed every year to provide new entries as well as revisions to ones already included. References Each entry includes a “further reading” section and some have an “Additional Sources’ sections which provide articles, books, and even websites that contain more information. Cost

The print format can be purchased for $1559.00. The International Who’s Who Citation The international who's who 2007. (2006). London: Routledge. Scope The International Who’s Who includes biographical information for approximately 20,000 individuals from all over the world. Professions included range from business, politics, international affairs, diplomacy, and law to art, music, fashion, and sports. There is also a separate section that gives information on royal families based on country of origin. Audience This text is specifically geared toward reference work and use within a library. Format This text is available in print, CD-ROM, and online through a subscription with http://www.worldwhoswho.com. Authority It is published by Routledge. Selection The editors attempted to include all individuals who have risen to the top of their respective fields. There are no limits based on profession or location however, people must be alive in order to be included. Comprehensiveness Covering more than 20,000 individuals from all of the world and from all different occupations. Entries are arranged alphabetically by surname. Entries are fairly short with the person names, birth date, nationality, field, and degrees all listed quickly. Additional sections under each person include education, career information, any publications, and contact information when available. The online format include more than 60,000 detailed biographies with entries including information such as nationality, date and place of birth, education, family details, career information, and contact information. Currency This text is updated annually. People who have died during the course of the previous year are removed from the text, and are included in an obituary page within the text along with their date of death. References No reference information is given in this text.

Cost The print edition of this text costs $570.00. Marquis Who's Who Scope The Marquis Who’s Who database provides access to biographies published in the Marquis Who’s Who print series. The text is international in scope with no limits based on occupation. Some texts included in this online database include Who’s Who in America, Who’s Who in Entertainment, Who’s Who in Religion, Who’s Who in Science and Engineering, Who Was Who, and many others. Audience This text is appropriate for everyone. Format This format of Marquis Who’s Who is the online database available by Reed Reference Publishing. Authority Published by Reed Reference. All information included in the text is provided to the editors by the subjects. Selection The selection of information is determined by the text versions. The 2000 edition of the text states that it is the goal to “list people who, through their careers, affect the political, economic, scientific, and artistic life of the country.” There are no limited based on locations or occupation. Some print texts included allow only persons who are still alive to be included while others such as Who Was Who only include those that have died, others include both. Comprehensiveness The database has an easy to use interface and allows for searching for more than a million biographies. Entries are able to be searched through 15 different criteria. The search can incorporate the entire body of printed text or can be limited. Most entries include the vital statistics of the person, education, family background, religious and political affiliations, contact information, career history, public works, club and professional memberships. Currency This website is updated daily. Cost A subscription to Marquis Who’s Who on the web cost 1,595 per year with discounts available based on the type of organization using it.

Merriam-Webster's Biographical Dictionary Citation Merriam-Webster, Inc. (1995). Merriam-Webster's biographical dictionary. Springfield, Mass: Merriam-Webster. Scope Merriam-Webster’s Biographical Dictionary includes biographical information on people from all fields of work including sports, politics, business, the arts, popular culture, and science. Its emphasis is on historical figures from all eras and from all parts of the world. More than 30,000 individuals are included from around the world including Africa, Latin America, the Pacific, Europe, and the United States. Audience According to the publishers this text is useful for everyone who has ever had to write a research paper, or had a question about a person in history. It is practical for home, school, or work use. Format It is available in hardcover print format from Merriam-Webster. Authority Published by Merriam-Webster. It has been published since 1943, the 1995 edition is the most recent, and is considered essential for ready reference. Entries are collected and edited by the experts at Merriam-Webster. Selection This dictionary attempts to include as many noteworthy names from across time periods, the world, and fields of work. Comprehensiveness This dictionary provides short, usually one paragraph, entries. The entries are organized alphabetically according to surname. Information contained in each entry includes a definition of who the person was, the proper pronunciation of the surname, dates of birth and death, significant events in the individuals; career, nicknames, and pseudonyms. There are numerous cross-references included throughout. Other useful features are keys to abbreviations and pronunciation symbols. Currency The 1995 edition is the most recent and contains 287 new entries as well as revisions to entries from the 1988 edition. References There are not further suggestions for readings included in the entries. Cost The Merriam-Webster’s Pocket Biographical Dictionary is available for 3.95.

New York Times Biographical Service Citation New York Times Biographical Service (2001). New York: New York Times. Scope This source is a compilation of biographical information as it appeared in the New York Times. Audience All audiences Format Entries are arranged by the date of their publication, and are printed as they appeared in the New York Times, with pictures included. Selection Only individuals who were written about in the New York Times in the year covered by the most recent edition are included. Comprehensiveness N/A Currency The latest edition I was able to find of this resource was published in 2001. References Compiled from the previous year’s New York Times issues. Cost Unknown Who Was Who Citation Who was Who. (1916-1980). (Vols. 1-7). Medford, NJ: Marquis’ Who’s Who. Scope This publication serves as a companion to Who’s Who. It provides an index to previous

volumes, and documents biographees who have died. Audience Researches in social and political history Format This is a print source published in seven volumes. Authority Marquis’ Who’s Who is a leading publisher of biographical sources. Selection The biographees included in this volume are previous Who’s Who biographees who have died. Comprehensiveness Each volume provides an alphabetical listing of each biographee who died during the indicated decade, along with their date of birth and death, and an indication of where their biography can be found in previous volumes of Who’s Who. Currency The most recent volume was published in 1996. References The information in these volumes were compiled from previous editions of Who’s Who, along with reports from the estate of the biographees and research by the Marquis’ Who’s Who staff. Cost Unavailable Who Was Who in America, 2000 Citation Who was Who in America. Medford, NJ: Marquis’ Who’s Who. Scope This biographical dictionary includes profiles of prominent Americans who have died since their names have last appeared in Who’s Who in America.

Audience Researchers in political and social history Format A new volume of this source is published every year. There are currently 21 print volumes. Authority Marquis’ Who’s Who is a leading publisher of biographical sources. Selection Biographees have appeared in previous editions Who’s Who in America, but have died since its most recent publication. Comprehensiveness Each volume provides an alphabetical listing of each biographee who died during the indicated year, along with their date of birth and death, and an indication of where their biography can be found in previous volumes of Who’s Who in America. Currency The most recent volume was published in 2008. References The information in these volumes were compiled from previous editions of Who’s Who, along with reports from the estate of the biographees and research by the Marquis’ Who’s Who staff. Who’s Who in America Citation Who’s Who in America. (2009). Medford, NJ: Marquis’ Who’s Who. Scope Who’s Who in America is a biographical dictionary focusing on the lives of over 110,000 prominent Americans. The current edition celebrates the publication’s 110th anniversary with a special, full-color insert.

Format This source is published in two print volumes. Authority Marquis’ Who’s Who is a leading publisher of biographical sources. Selection The preface states that individuals are chosen to appear in Who’s Who in America based on their personal achievements, not by their desire to be listed. It goes on to say that information is sometimes provided by the biographees, but more often it is collected independently by the research and editorial staff. An asterisk indicates information that was researched by Marquis’ Who’s Who. Comprehensiveness With over 110,000 listings, the source aims to be as comprehensive as possible in a limiting medium. Each entry lists the biographee’s full name, occupations, date and place of birth, family background, education summary, career summary, writings and creative works, civic and political activities, military service, awards, membership, political affiliation, religion, avocations, and address. Currency This source is published annually. The 2009 edition was published in October of 2008. References Biographees are invited to submit their own biographical details, but in many cases the staff compiles the information from unspecified sources. The preface assures that a “wide assortment of tools to gather the most complete, accurate, and up-to-date information available.” Cost $789.00 Who’s Who in the World Citation Who’s Who in the World. (2009). Medford, NJ: Marquis’s Who’s Who. Scope

Who’s Who in the World is a biographical dictionary profiles of 74,000 prominent individuals from around the world, representing virtually every major field of endeavor. Audience All audiences Format This source is published in a single print volume. Entries are arranged alphabetically by the last name of the biographee. A professional index is included, which lists and crossreferences entries by the individual’s professional field. Authority Marquis’ Who’s Who is a leading publisher of biographical sources. Selection The preface states that “individuals profiled in Who’s Who in the World are selected on the basis of current reference value. Factors such as position, noteworthy accomplishments, visibility, and prominence, in a field are all taken into account. An individual’s desire to be listed is not sufficient reason for inclusion. Similarly, wealth and social position are not relevant criteria.” It goes on to say that information is sometimes provided by the biographees, but more often it is collected independently by the research and editorial staff. An asterisk indicates information that was researched by Marquis’ Who’s Who. Comprehensiveness This text provides to be as comprehensive as possible in a limiting medium. It covers a broad spectrum of individuals, and provides a good amount of information about those individuals. Information provided in the entries include: include information such as name, occupation, vital statistics, parents, marriage, children, education, professional certifications, career, career-related information, writings and creative works, civic and political activities, military service, awards and fellowships, professional association memberships, clubs, and lodges, political affiliation, religion, achievements, avocations, home address, and office address. Few, if any entries will contain all of these headings. Some contain more than others where more information is available. Currency This source is published annually. The 2009 edition was published in 2008. References

No listing of references is provided outside of the assurance in the preface that the staff uses a “wide assortment of tools to gather the most complete, accurate, and up-to-date information available.” Cost $590 Who’s Who of American Women Citation Who’s Who of American Women. (2009). Medford, NJ: Marquis Scope Who’s Who of American Women is a biographical dictionary that includes profiles of prominent American women. The current issue includes a Then and Now, 1958-2008 feature. Format The source is published as a single print volume. Entries are arranged alphabetically by the last name of the biographee. A geographic and professional index are also included. Authority Marquis’ Who’s Who is a leading publisher of biographical sources. Selection The preface states: “Factors such as position, noteworthy accomplishments, visibility, and prominence in a field are all taken into account in making selections for the book. Final decisions concerning inclusion are made following extensive discussion, evaluation, and deliberation.” Comprehensiveness This text provides to be as comprehensive as possible in a limiting medium. It covers a broad spectrum of individuals, and provides a good amount of information about those individuals. Information provided in the entries include: include information such as name, occupation, vital statistics, parents, marriage, children, education, professional certifications, career, career-related information, writings and creative works, civic and political activities, military service, awards and fellowships, professional association memberships, clubs, and lodges, political affiliation, religion, achievements, avocations, home address, and office address. Few, if any entries will contain all of these headings. Some contain more than others where more information is available.

Currency The source is published biennially. The 2008-2009 edition was published in 2008. References Biographees are invited to submit their own biographical details, but in many cases the staff compiles the information from unspecified sources. The preface assures that a “wide assortment of tools to gather the most complete, accurate, and up-to-date information available.” Cost $305