Environment Pollution-amandeep & Aanvinder Gmsss Ladowali Road Jal

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION • Environmental pollution is a term that refers to all the ways that human activity harms the natural environment. Pollution may be defined as an undesirable change in the physical, chemical or biological characteristics of our air, water and land that may harmfully affect human life & other species also. • In the ancient time there was no pollution. With the increase in population and the knowledge of utilizing natural resources, the amount of pollutants has gradually increased.

TYPES OF POLLUTION • The chief types of environmental pollution include air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution and pollution caused by solid waste.

Types of pollution

Noise pollution Air pollution

Water pollution

(A). AIR POLLUTION • : Air pollution is the contamination of the air by substances such as fuel exhaust and smoke. • The air that we breathe is not clean . It contains many impurities like dust, smoke, pollen, harmful gases like nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide and particulates (tiny particles of liquid or solid matter). This exhaust of vehicle contains, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide etc., which are extremely harmful for men and animals.

CAUSES OF AIR POLLUTION • 1. Smoke emitted by the powerhouses, factories & automobiles. • 2. Dust gets raised by strong winds, movement of vehicles in the air. • 3. Cigarette smoking. • 4. Sneezing & coughing.

Garbage Radioactive elements

Pesticides

AIR POLLUTION Crackers

Smoke for burning

Auto mobile exhaust

Cigarette Smoking

PREVENTION OF AIR POLLUTION • 1. Polluting industries should not be allowed near cities. • 2. Factories should have tall chimneys to reduce the pollution. • 3. Trees make the air pure, so plantation should be encouraged.

(B). WATER POLLUTION • The contamination of water sources by harmful wastes, sewage, toxic chemicals, oil etc. is called water pollution. It can effect surface water as river, lakes and oceans as well as the water beneath the earth’s surface called ground water.

SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION • Causes of water pollution: • 1. Factories pollute water by dumping harmful waste into it. • 2. Soaps and detergents used in washing are also released into rivers & lakes.

Industrial Waste Detergents

Pesticides

WATER POLLUTION Organic Waste

Oil heavy metals

Silt

Other Garbage

(C). NOISE POLLUTION • The presence of loud noise in the air is called sound or noise pollution. • • CAUSES OF NOISE POLLUTION: • 1. Machines in a factory produce a lot of sound and cause pollution. • 2. Vehicles make a lot of noise when they blow horns. • 3. Loudspeaker, used in functions and meetings also cause sound pollution.

CONSERVATION AND PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT • Man has exploited his environment on the pretext of development. There must exist a balance between the available resources and the rate of use of these resources. • The conservation of environment means the use of biosphere by man to get the greatest benefit while maintaining its future without damaging it. Preservation means the maintaining of nature as it is or might have been before the intervention of human being. A better future is still lying ahead provided we can make people conscious about the environment. The following are steps which can help in protecting the environment.

CONSERVATION AND PROTECTION • • • • • • •

Check on industrial pollution and waste. Re-greening of our deforested land on a massive scale. Rotation of crops. Harvesting of rain water. Composting of organic solid waste for manure. Proper treatment of sewage. Controlled use of fertilizers and pesticides ; use of bio fertilizers and organic farming should be encouraged. • Save the water • National parks and sanctuaries should be established by the government. • Environmental education and awareness.