Energy Materials Research

Energy Materials Research Hui-Ming Cheng （成会 明） Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Email: [email protected], http://carbon.imr.ac.cn

Main Research Scopes • Synthesis, properties and application of carbon nanotubes, graphene and other nanostructures • Exploration of new hydrogen storage materials • Development of nano-structured materials for clean energy

Diameter-Selective Growth of SWCNTs with High Quality by Floating Catalyst Method

QF Liu, WC Ren, HM Cheng, et al, ACS Nano 2, 1722-1728 (2008)

Hydrogen storage: grand challenge No current system meets DOE targets, but there are some materials with potential

Challenges: Capacity (mass and volume) Kinetics: rate Thermodynamics: Temp. Reversibility Safety

Sandrock, DOE

Targets: New materials

Lithium amidoborane: a new HSM <100 oC 6.5 wt%

<200 oC

19.6 wt%

13.1 wt%

AB Drawbacks: Low kinetics below 100 oC Volatile by-product (borazine, borane) Foaming when AB releases H

Isothermal DH

>500 oC

Solution

LiNH2BH3 (LAB) LAB vs AB

Kang, Fang, Kong, Cheng, Yao, Lu, Wang, Adv. Mater. 20, 2756–2759 (2008)

Challenge & Opportunity PNGV: Partnership of a New Generation Vehicle 15 kW/kg 60 Wh/kg Higher Power/Energy Density

Optimize Energy and Power Density @ high rates: Ion Transport Electric Conductivity New Materials New Design

Design and fabrication of new energy storage materials 3

Energy Density (Wh/kg)

10

F u el C ells

1h

10 h

36 s PNGV Target

0.1 h

Li-ion Battery

2

10

N iC d

3.6 s

Pd-acid 1

10

0.36 s

Supercapacitor 0

10

36 ms -1

S-ATNT/OMC hybrid HPGC aqueous electrolyte HPGC orgainc electrolyte

10

-2

10

1

10

2

10

3

10

3.6 ms C apacitor 4

10

Power Density (W/kg)

DW Wang, HM Cheng, et al, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. (2008) DW Wang, HM Cheng, et al, Adv. Func. Mater., 2008

5

10