Energi Terbarukan Teknologi Konversi

  • June 2020
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TEKNOLOGI KONVERSI ENERGI BIOMASSA AGUS HARYANTO

KLASIFIKASI

ANAEROBIC DIGESTION

DESIGN PARAMETERS • • • • •

Total solid (TS) : Most favorable is 8% Temperature: Mesophilic 20 to 35o C pH value : Neutral (6.8 to 7.2) C/N ration : Ranges from 20:1 to 30:1 Hydraulic retention time (HRT) : > 20 days

HRT vs. Temperature

BIODIESEL Agus Haryanto

BIODIESEL Raw Materials: • Jarak Pagar (India, Indonesia) • Nyamplung (Indonesia) • Kelapa sawit (Indonesia, Malaysia) • Minyak kedelai (AS) • Rapeseed (Eropah) • Lemak hewan, minyak jlantah, algae

STATISTIC

Transesterification Process (Go to Movie)

ENERGI ANGIN AGUS HARYANTO

Energi Angin 1 2 E = mV 2 1 2 E v = ρV ∞ 2 1 1 2 3 Pth = ( ρ.V∞ ) A.V∞ = ρ. A.V∞ 2 2

Harvestable Power V = (V∞ + Ve)/2

V∞ + V e 2 Pe = ρ. A.V (V∞ − Ve ).V = ρ. A.( ) (V∞ − Ve ) 2 A.V∞3 Pe = ρ. (1 + α )(1 − α 2 ) 4

Pe − max =

3 ρ . A.V∞ (

α = Ve /V∞, max = 1/3

8 1 3 ) = 0.593( ρ . A.V∞ ) = 0.593 Pth 27 2

Karakteristik Torsi dan Daya • Rotor berputar dengan kecepatan sudut Ω Ω = 2π .RPS • Daya yang diperoleh rotor P=TΩ Kurva Torsi vs. Kecepatan Kurva Daya vs. Kecepatan

Kurva Daya dan Torsi

Koefisien Tak Berdimensi •Rasio daya (Cp)

Pmech Cp = 3 (1/ 2)ρ .A.V∞

Daya mekanis, Pmech = Cp.Pair

•nisbah kecepatan-lokal (λ r) •tip speed ratio (λ ) •Koefisien Torsi (CT)

Ω. R 2π . R. n λ= = V∞ 60.V∞

Cp T = CT = 2 (1/ 2) .A.R.V∞

λ ρ

u Ω. r λr = = V∞ V∞

Karakteristik Cp-λ dan CTλ

Karakteristik Berbagai Tipe Kincir Angin

Daya (listrik) yang tersedia (W): 1 3 Pa = Cp.η o . . ρ.V∞ . A 2

Dengan menganggap koefisien daya sedang Cp = 0,3 dan efisiensi total η o = 0,6, maka kita memperoleh kaidah praktis (dengan densitas udara ρ = 1,2 kg/m3):

Pa = 01 . V .A 3 ∞

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