Effects On Dangerous Drugs.pdf

Ill-Effects of Dangerous Drugs

IO III Jennifer M. Quintana Laguna Provincial Office, PDEA RO IV-A February 18, 2019

WHY SHOULD WE AVOID DANGEROUS DRUGS Illegal – Prohibited by law (RA 9165) Health – Damages our brain and body Psycho-social – Destroys one’s behavior and causes one to commit crime Spiritual – Against the will of God

Therefore, drug abuse is everybody’s concern

WHAT IS DRUG  A drug is a chemical substance that brings about physical, emotional or behavioral change in a person taking it.

 Is any substance other than food or water that is intended to be taken or administered for the purpose of altering, sustaining or controlling the recipients physical, mental or emotional state.

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WHAT IS DRUG ABUSE Drug abuse is the use of any chemical substance, licit or illicit, resulting to individual’s physical, mental, or social impairment. It may refer to any of the following practices: • Using, without benefit or prescription, useful drugs which have the capacity to alter the mood or behavior.

• Using drugs and substances for a purpose different from the one from which the drug has been prescribed. •Using drugs and substances having no legitimate medical application or purposes other than research.

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PROFILE OF DRUG USERS as per DDB (Facility Based) CY 2016 ❖ AGE: Mean age of 31 years old ❖ SEX: Ratio of male to female is 13:1 ❖ CIVIL STATUS: Single 48.96% ❖ EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT: College level 27.14% ❖ STATUS OF EMPLOYMENT : Unemployed (44.69%) ❖ PLACE OF RESIDENCE: Urban (Specifically NCR 42.41%) ❖ DURATION OF DRUG – TAKING: More than six (6) years ❖ NATURE OF DRUG – TAKING : Mono drug use 6

Most Abuse Drugs as per DDB (Facility Based) CY 2015 ❖ Shabu: 96.74% ❖ Marijuana: 24.94% ❖ Cocaine: 1.11%

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A. ORIGIN Natural anything that comes from nature. Plants (Marijuana)

Synthetic - anything

Ecstasy

Shabu

that is produced artificially or processed in the laboratory.

B. Pharmacological Classifications of Drugs STIMULANTS DEPRESSANTS HALLUCINOGENS

1. Stimulants ➢Also known as uppers ➢Any of a group of drugs that excite the central nervous system. It increase alertness, alleviate fatigue, reduce hunger and provide a feeling of well-being. ➢Ex. Cocaine, Methamphetamine (SHABU)

Immediate Effects:  Dilated pupils  Increase in blood pressure / Heart rate / Breathing rate / Body Temperature  Involuntary muscle twitching  Less hunger  Slurred speech

2. Depressant ❑ also called as “downers” or “barbs” ❑ any drug or chemical that decreases the activity of any bodily function. The term is most often used to refer to drugs that reduce the activity of the central nervous system Ex: Sedatives, Sleeping Pills, Tranquilizers

Side effects & long term effects Depressants •Loss of body control may result to bone fractures •Impaired blood pressure regulation and balance control •Cognitive impairment, memory loss and pseudo-dementia

•Nocturnal urinary incontinence •Worsening sleep •Respiratory problems

•Dependency •Over sedation may lead to death

3. Hallucinogens

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 Hallucinations/illusions  Faster heart beat and pulse rate  Bloodshot Eye/blurred vision/Rapid Eye Movement (REM)  Dry mouth and throat  Forgetfulness/inability to think  Altered sense of time/ disorientation  Impaired reflexes, coordination and concentration  Acute panic anxiety reaction  “Food-trip” & sleepiness (MJ)

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Psychiatric consequences Severe irritation of the nasal passages that may make a person prone to frequent nose bleed. Renal damage, heart disease and strokes Injecting MDMA from contaminated needles may lead to risk of infections resulting in inflammation of the blood vessels, infection of the heart valves, blood poisoning and even AIDS. all of which can lead to death.

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DRUGS OF ABUSE

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ADVERSE EFFECTS: • Produces anxiety, tension, irritability, irrational behavior, talkativeness, and loss of selfcontrol. • Results in loss of appetite and inability to sleep. • Euphoria, elation.

• Can lead to acute psychotic reactions, violent and destructive behavior and recklessness that may result in accidents. • Includes chest pain, irregularity of heart beat, elevated or lowered blood pressure, evidence of weight loss, convulsion and death from cardiac arrest. 18

Prolonged use or even a single exposure, especially if administrated intravenously, can lead to manifestations of a full blown “psychosis” which is similar to schizophrenia characterized by the presence of paranoid delusions, auditory and visual hallucinations. The paranoia may lead to violent and aggressive behavior. 19

CONTENTS OF SHABU • Ephedrine - (Classified as Dangerous Drugs) Main ingredient of Shabu causing brain damage • Toluene – Chemical used for paints, adhesives, etc. • Acetone – Nail cleaner • Lithium Batteries – Cancer causing component • Battery Acid – Corrosive chemical • Drain Cleaner – Liquid Soap • Hydrochloric Acid – (Muriatic Acid) • Chloroform – Cancer causing solvent

FACES OF METH

June 2001

3 years, 5 months later

THERESA BAXTER www.yahoo.com/facesofmeth 21

FACES OF METH PERRY BENNETT

AUGUST 1996

4 YEARS LATER

www.yahoo.com/facesofmeth 22

FACES OF METH JOSEPH HARRIS

DECEMBER 1999

3 MONTHS LATER

www.yahoo.com/facesofmeth 23

FACES OF METH JENNIFER LUNDGREN

JULY 2003

17 MONTHS LATER

www.yahoo.com/facesofmeth 24

BRAIN OF DRUG ABUSER

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THE EFFECT OF DRUGS TO

HUMAN BRAIN

Normal Brain Normal Brain

Affected Brain

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Normal Person’s Brain

Drug User’s Brain

CT SCAN COMPARISON OF BRAIN ACTIVITY

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Meth “BUGS”

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Meth “BUGS”

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TEETH OF DRUG ABUSER

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Celebrities Who Used Dangerous Drugs www.yahoo.com/cnn-news

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GUESS WHO?

Whitney Elizabeth Houston www.yahoo.com/cnn-news

Born August 9, 1963, she is an American pop and R&B singer, actress, film producer, record producer, songwriter, and former fashion model. Her crossover success opened doors for other African Americans, particularly women, to be equally successful in pop music and showbiz. She has frequently been referred to as "The Voice". 33

Whitney Houston

On September 12, 2002 at Malibu, California, the 61 year old actor was arrested for being under the influence of drugs after his Mercedes-Benz car was seen swerving on a highway near his home. The movie star pleaded no contest to driving under the influence of drugs (DUI).

www.yahoo.com/cnn-news 35

Nick Nolte www.yahoo.com/cnn-news

1991 - Los Angeles Film Critics Association: Best Actor, The Prince of Tides 1991 - Golden Globe: Best Actor in a Motion Picture (Drama), The Prince of Tides 1992 - Chosen as People Magazine's Sexiest Man Alive 1998 - New York Film Critics Circle - Best Actor, Affliction 1998 - National Society of Film Critics - Best Actor, Affliction 36

Nick Nolte

Heath Ledger Hollywood Actor

www.yahoo.com/cnn-news

died from an overdose of sleeping pills www.yahoo.com/cnn-news

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The 21 year old actress was arrested for suspicion of driving under the influence of alcohol , possession of marijuana and a controlled substance, and driving without a valid license on December 27, 2007

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MISCHA BARTON

Born on January 24, 1986, she is an award-winning actress. Perhaps best known for her role as Marissa Cooper in the American television series The O.C..

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Mischa Barton

She was booked on felony charges of possession of cocaine and transportation of narcotic - in addition to misdemeanor charges of driving under the influence (DUI) and driving with a suspended license.

www.yahoo.com/cnn-news 43

www.yahoo.com/cnn-news

Lindsay Lohan

Born on July 2, 1986, she is an American actress and pop music singer. Lohan started in show business as a child fashion model for magazine advertisements and television commercials. 44

Lindsay Lohan

In February 2003, she was arrested in Malibu, California and charged with possession of heroin while driving with a suspended driver's license

Nicole Richie www.yahoo.com/cnn-news

Born September 21, 1981, she is an American socialite, actress, television personality, author, model, and singer. The daughter of Lionel Richie, she is known for her role in the reality show The Simple Life and her turbulent personal life.

Nicole Richie

Drugs of Abuse

No. 2 Marijuana or Cannabis Sativa

 Hallucinations/illusions  Faster heart beat and pulse rate  Bloodshot Eye/blurred vision/Rapid Eye Movement (REM)  Dry mouth and throat  Forgetfulness/inability to think  Altered sense of time/ disorientation  Impaired reflexes coordination and concentration  Acute panic anxiety reaction  “Food-trip” & sleepiness (MJ)

 Severe irritation of the nasal passages that leads to frequent nose bleeding  Renal damages, heart disease and strokes  Psychiatric consequences  Gateway drug that may lead to poly-drug use.

FACE of MARYJANE Was nabbed in Oklahoma for possession of marijuana and two controlled dangerous substances (Xanax and sleeping pills) for which he did not have a prescription. The blearyeyed actor, 24, posed for the below Oklahoma County Sheriffs Office mug shot following a traffic stop of his buddy’s car in September 2004.

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FACE of MARYJANE

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FACE of MARYJANE

Macaulay Culkin

Drugs of Abuse No. 3 Cocaine  An drug derived from coca or prepared synthetically, used as an illegal stimulant. It is commonly snorted, inhaled as smoke, or dissolved and injected into a vein

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SHORT TERM EFFECTS • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Loss of appetite Increased heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature Contracted blood vessels Increased rate of breathing Dilated pupils Disturbed sleep patterns Nausea Hyperstimulation Bizarre, erratic, sometimes violent behavior Hallucinations, hyperexcitability, irritability Tactile hallucination that creates the illusion of bugs burrowing under the skin Intense euphoria Anxiety and paranoia Depression Intense drug craving Panic and psychosis Convulsions, seizures and sudden death from high doses (even one time)

LONG TERM EFFECTS • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Permanent damage to blood vessels of heart and brain High blood pressure, leading to heart attacks, strokes, and death Liver, kidney and lung damage Destruction of tissues in nose if sniffed Respiratory failure if smoked Infectious diseases and abscesses if injected Malnutrition, weight loss Severe tooth decay Auditory and tactile hallucinations Sexual problems, reproductive damage and infertility (for both men and women) Disorientation, apathy, confused exhaustion Irritability and mood disturbances Increased frequency of risky behavior Delirium or psychosis Severe depression Tolerance and addiction (even after just one use)

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ECSTASY SHORT-TERM EFFECTS: ❖ Fatigue and perhaps depression after the drug is stopped ❖ Restlessness, anxiety and pronounced visual and auditory hallucinations at large doses ❖ Nausea and Vomiting ❖ A rise in blood pressure and heart rate ❖ Possibility of heat stroke due to dehydration

❖ Death from heart attack when the user overdosed (OD’d) LONG-TERM EFFECTS: ❖ Prolonged regular use can lead to the same long-term effects as with synthetic stimulants, including a high potential for neuro-toxicity, brain damage and liver damage.

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KETAMINE Chemically known as (Methylamino) Cyclohexane

Description – Fine and White crystalline powder. It can be in liquid, tablets or capsules forms. Street Name: K, Special K, Super K, KitKat, Ket, Vitamin K, K-hole, Bump of K, Honey Oil K, Bump bottle

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ILL-EFFECTS of Ketamine: •Disoriented behavior

•Impaired judgment •Hallucinations

•Impaired coordination •Possibility of being comatose

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SLEEPING PILLS BENZODIAZEPINES

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commonly known as tranquilizers and sleeping pills. They are classified as short, medium and long acting. This relates to the length of the drug action in the body. Length of action can also be influenced by the health of a person’s liver, age and weight. A.K.A. Valium, Ativan, Nubain, etc. 61

Side effects & long term effects of sleeping pills (benzodiazepines) •Loss of body control may result to bone fractures •Impaired blood pressure regulation and balance control •Cognitive impairment, memory loss and pseudo-dementia •Nocturnal urinary incontinence •Worsening sleep •Respiratory problems

•Dependency •Over sedation may lead to death

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 Tobacco means the curved leaves of the tobacco plant “nicotiana tobacu” which contains a very potent ingredient called nicotine.

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CIGARETTE CONTENTS • • • •

Ammonia – used to clean bathrooms Cadmium – component of car battery Carbon Monoxide – from car / factory exhaust Nicotine – used as a mixture in

insecticide • Tar – ingredients for asphalt • Vinyl Chloride – used for plastic manufacture • Cyanide – poison gas used by Hitler in his concentration camps • DDT – used to kill cockroach • Formaldehyde (Formalin) – used for 64 embalming

Contents of Cigarette

acetic acid, methane(sewer gas), arsenic (poison), carbon monoxide, rocket fuel, paint, toilet cleaner (ammonia), insecticide, Industrial solvent, candle wax, cadmium (batteries), butane (lighter fluid)

 Smelly breath, hair and clothes  Stained teeth and fingers  Increase heart rate, breathing rate and blood pressure  Reduced blood supply to extremities (hands and feet because the blood vessel are constricted)  Stimulated central nervous system  Smoking exposes “the smokers” and others to health risks

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Sickness Heart Attack Cancer Bronchitis and Emphysema Ulcers Infertility

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EFFECT on the LUNGS Normal

Affected

Republic Act No. 9211 - Known as Tobacco Regulation Act of 2003 Signed into law in June 2003

➢ Prohibited Acts: • Allowing Children to man stalls selling tobacco product (s) • Selling tobacco products to a minor (under 18 years of age) • Selling of Tobacco products within 100 meters from playgrounds, schools and all youth facilities

Cigarette vending machine also within the place mentioned • Smoking in Public Places

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OTHER RULES: IRR mandates all establishments selling tobacco product’s to post “ It is unlawful for tobacco products to be sold/ distributed, to or purchased by persons under 18 years of age”.

PENALTY: Selling to or buying tobacco products from minors -Not more than 30 days of imprisonment for 1st Time Offender. -

Php 5,000.00 fine. 69

WHAT IS ALCOHOL ➢ Alcohol is a powerful drug. Alcoholic drinks contain the drug “ethanol” (ethyl alcohol). It is a toxic and poisonous drug. It poisons the body if taken in large quantities simply or in combination with other drugs. ➢ Alcohol damages all the major organs of the body. Alcohol is a depressant drug, not a stimulant as erroneously believed. Pure alcohol is colorless and tasteless. Alcoholic drinks vary in color and taste because of the ingredients used to flavor them. 70

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Family Problems Parents who always quarrel in front of the children.

Irresponsible parents who don’t have time for their children.

Peer Pressure/Curiosity

BAD Influence by friends.

Weak Personality, Desire to Escape From Reality

Lack of self-confidence and inferiority complex.

8 WAYS TO SAY “NO” TO DRUGS

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Simply Say “NO THANKS”

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Say “NO THANKS” REPEATEDLY AND CONSISTENTLY

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Give an excuse or a reason NOT to use drugs

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Change the subject

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Walk away

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Avoid the situation

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Cold shoulder

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Strength in numbers

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COMMON SIGNS OF DRUG ABUSE

Injection Marks of an Addict

Stealing items which can be readily sold for cash (to support a drug habit)

Changes in Mood – depending on the drug taken. Example: depressed or becoming elated and euphoric.

Association with known drug abusers

Change from normal capabilities (work habits, efficiency, etc.)

Change in attendance at work or school

Wearing sunglasses constantly at inappropriate times (for instance, indoors or at night) or only to hide dilated or constricted pupils but also to compensate for the eyes’ inability to adjust to sunlight. Marijuana causes bloodshot eyes.

Poor physical appearance, including inattention to dress and personal hygiene

Profile of Drug Addicts • Deterioration of physical appearance - Unhealthy weight loss - Haggard appearance

(Dirty physical appearance) - Red eyes (Wearing of sunglasses at inappropriate times) • General changes in over-all personality - aggressive - unable to accept criticisms - increasingly prone to injury due to carelessness - disinterested in his job - frequenting odd places without cause (storage rooms, closets, basements) 93

ARTICLE IV

➢ Participation of the Family, Students, Teachers and School Authorities in the Enforcement of RA 9165

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ARTICLE IV ➢ Section 42 – Student Councils and Campus Organizations All elementary, secondary and tertiary schools’ student councils and campus organizations shall include in their activities a program for the prevention of and deterrence in the use of dangerous drugs, and referral for treatment and rehabilitation of students for drug dependence. 95

ARTICLE IV ➢ Section 43 – School Curricula Provides that instruction on drug abuse prevention and control shall be integrated in the elementary, secondary and tertiary curricula of all public and private schools, whether general, technical, vocational or agro-industrial, as well as in non-formal, informal and indigenous learning system. 96

ARTICLE IV ➢ Section 44 – Heads, Supervisors, and Teachers of School All school heads, supervisors and teachers shall be deemed persons in authority if they are in school or within its immediate vicinity, or even beyond such immediate vicinity if they are in attendance at any school or class function in their official capacity. 97

WHICH ONE

RIP (Death)

NBP (Prison) NMH (Mental Hospital)

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THANK YOU VERY MUCH “Towards a Drug-Free Philippines“