Ecologic Model Ptb Tuberculosis[1]

IX. Ecologic Model A. Hypothesis Permanent dilatation of the bronchi and bronchioles caused by destruction of the muscle and elastic supporting tissues can lead to Bronchiectasis secondary to Pulmonary Tuberculosis. B. Predisposing Factors a. Host •

Behaviour – chronic smoker consumes 1 pack of cigarettes per day. Started smoking by age 20.

b. Agent •

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis infection present in the patient,.

c. Environment •

Socio-economic – the patient belongs to a low income earning family which makes it difficult to religiously attend to his medications and treatment needs.

C. Ecologic Model The lever model is used to show the relationship between the host, agent and the environment and to determine if there is an imbalance between the three (3) predisposing factors that may lead to an occurrence of disease. The diagram below shows the possible imbalance of the ecologic model caused by lifestyle of the client, PTB infection in the patient leading to destruction of the muscle and elastic supporting tissues leading to Bronchiectasis.

PTB infection in the patient leading to destruction of the muscle and elastic supporting tissues.

Patient with history of chronic smoking.

ENV

D. Analysis Bronchiectasis is not a primary disease but occurs secondary to persistent infection or obstruction. In the past, bronchiectasis often followed a necrotizing bacterial pneumonia that frequently complicated measles, pertussis, or influenza. Tuberculosis was also commonly associated with bronchiectasis. Thus, the advent of antibiotics that more effectively treat respiratory infections such as tuberculosis and immunizations against pertussis and measles, there have been marked decrease in the prevalence of bronchiectasis. (Essentials of Pathophysiology. by Carol Mattson Porth. p. 505) E Conclusion and Recommendations I therefore conclude that having PTB can greatly lead to Bronchiectasis because PTB infection can eventually cause damage to the bronchial walls, leading to weakening and dilatation. Recommendations consist of early recognition and treatment of infection along with regular postural drainage and chest physical therapy. Religious taking of PTB drugs is also recommended to prevent further infection.