Drug Study

Drug Generic name:

Classification/ Indication ● Antilipidemics

simvastatin

Brand Name: Vidastat

● In hyperlipidemia: an adjunct to diet to reduce elevated total-C, LDL-C, apolipoprotein B & TG in patients w/ primary hypercholesterolemia

Generic Name:

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Inotropics

digoxin

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Cardiac Failure

Brand Name: Lanoxin

Dose, Route, and Mechanism of Contraindication Frequency Action Dose: 20 mg Inhibits HMG-CoA • Active liver reductase, an early disease or Route: p.o. step in cholesterol unexplained biosynthesis. persistent Frequency: at elevations of night serum transaminases. Porphyria.

Dose: .25 mg/ tab 1 tab Route: p.o. Frequency: OD

Inhibits sodium potassium activated ATP, promoting movement of calcium from extracellular to intracellular cytoplasm and strengthening myocardial contraction.

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Pregnancy & lactation.

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Contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to the drug.

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Intermittent complete heart block or 2nddegree atrioventricular block, especially if there is a history of Stokes-Adams attack.

Side Effects Constipation, dyspepsia, flatulence, headache

Fatigue, muscle weakness, dizziness, hallucinations, vertigo, malaise

Nursing Considerations • Use drug only after diet and other non-drug therapies prove ineffective. • Obtain liver function test results at start of therapy and then periodically. • Instruct patient to take drug with the evening meal • Drug-induced arrhythmias may increase the severity of heart failure and hypotension. • Before giving loading dose, obtain baseline data (heart rate and rhythm, BP, and electrolytes) • Before giving

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Generic Name: Felodipine

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Antihypertensive

Dose: 2.5 g/ tab 1 tab

Hypertension

Route: p.o.

Brand Name:

Frequency: at night

Plendil

Generic Name:

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Antihypertensive

Dose: 80 mg/ tab 1 tab

telmisartan Route: p.o. • Brand Name: Micardis

Hypertension

Frequency: OD

Relaxes coronary vascular smooth muscles by inhibiting calcium ions from entering the 'slow channels' or voltagesensitive areas of vascular smooth muscles and myocardium during depolarization. It also increases myocardial O2 delivery in patients with vasospastic angina. Blocks vasoconstricting and aldosteronesecreting effects of angiotensin II by selectively blocking the binding of angiotensin II to angiotensin I

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Arrhythmias caused by cardiac glycoside intoxication Hypersensitivity

Pregnancy & lactation Biliary obstructive disorders, Severe hepatic impairment.

drug, take apical-radial pulse for 1 minute.

Flushing, headache, peripheral oedema, tachycardia, palpitation, dizziness, fatigue. Ankle swelling may occur. Hyperplasia, rash, pruritus. Gingival enlargement, angina, angioedema,

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Headache, upper respiratory tract infection, dizziness, fatigue.

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Monitor BP for response Monitor patient for peripheral edema Tell patient to swallow tablets whole and not to crush or chew them Tell patient to take drug without food or light meal

Instruct patient that drug may be taken with or without food. Monitor patient for hypotension after starting drug Tell patient if he feels dizzy or

receptor in many tissues.

Generic Name:

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pantoprazole sodium

● GERD

Antiulcer drug

Brand Name:

Dose: 60 mg/ tab 1 tab Route: p.o. Frequency: OD

Protonix

Generic Name:

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Fluoroquinolones

Dose: 500 g/ tab 1 tab

ciprofloxacin Route: p.o. Brand Name: Ciprobay

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UTI

Frequency: BID

Inhibits proton • pump by binding to • hydrogenpotassium ATP, located at secretory surface of gastric parietal cells, to suppress gastric acid secretions.

Hypersensitivity Lactation.

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Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other quinolones

Inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis, mainly by blocking DNA gyrase; bactericidal

Diarrhea, dizziness, pruritus, skin rashes, GIT infections, chest pain, headache, nausea, pain, anxiety, hyperglycaemia; malaise or lassitude; myalgia; edema; insomnia;

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Nausea, diarrhoea, • vomiting, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, anorexia, dizziness, • headache, tiredness, agitation, trembling

has low blood pressure on standing, he should lie down, rise slowly from a lying to standing position. Drug can be given without meals Instruct patient to take drug as prescribed. Tell patient to swallow tablets whole and not to crush or chew them Obtain specimen for culture and sensitivity test before giving first dose Monitor I&O