Dpns Journal No - 8

trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

jynfoo l mtrd/ jynfoo l mtz

1

trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

rmwdum u|HepfaewJh vSnf;wpD; (pdk;aevif;)

=7

jrefrmEkdifiH _idrf;csrf;a&;/ 'Drdkua&pDa&;ESifh trsdK;om;aoG;pnf;nD!Gwfa&; jy\em (armifpdefaomf) = 11 xdef;nd‡r+rsm;ESifh A rmh'Drdkua&pD v+yf&Sm;r+ (&Jabmfzdk;oHacsmif;) = 16 jynfoludk rsufESmrl-updkŒ (wlarmifndK)

= 27

yDusif;twGuf jrefrmocFef;pm (ref;vm;A G,f)

= 33

etz bmvJ/ b,fvJ (ausmfaqG)

= 37

tqdyfcGufukd arSmufypf&J &r,f (ZGefr+dif;)

= 42

yHkESdyfrSwfwrf; xkwaf 0onfh ckEpS f 2009 ckEpS /f atmufwb kd mv xkwaf 0/ jzef@csd vlxq k ufqaH &;ESihf rSww f rf;wifaumfrwD vl@abmifopf'rD u kd &ufwpfygw(D XmecsKyf) apmifa& (1000) yxrt}urd f uGejf yLwmpmpD/ pmrsuEf mS zJ@G pnf;rSK ausmw f ifOh ;D rsuEf mS zH;k 'DZikd ;f oD[armifarmif *sme,fvyd pf m The New Society Journal P.O Box (83), Mae Sod Tak, Thailand 63110 E-mail: Webpage: <www.dpnsburmese.org>

vl@abmifopf*sme,fwiG yf g0ifaom aqmif;yg;rsm;rSm aqmif;yg;&Sirf sm;. tmabmfomjzpfygw,f?

2

jynfoo l mtrd/ jynfoo l mtz

trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

*sme,ftmabmf

2010 a&G;aumufyJG qefuY siof ydwaf rSmufa&; vkyaf qmif&ef tcsed af &mufNyD wdkufyGJwyGJ odk@r[kwf +ydKifyGJwyGJwGif wbufvludk vufOD;r_ r&ap&ef vkyfaqmif&rnf jzpfonf? vufOD;r_&Sdjcif;onf wdkufyGJatmifjrifr_twGuf ta&;ygaom tcsujf zpfonf? xd@k a=umifh wyfr;ª aumif; acgi;f aqmifaumif;wdik ;f onf rdrdwdk@. wyfzGJ@0ifrsm;/ &Jabmf &Jbufrsm;udk vufOD;r_ rrJhapa&;twGuf vkyfaqmif&avh&Sdonf? jrefrmhEdkifiHa&;udk pdwf0ifpm;olrsm;t=um;2010 a&G;aumufyGJESifh ywfoufI ajymqdk aqG;aEG; jiif;ckefr_ trsm;tjym;&Sdaeonf? rdrdwdk@ ygwD taejzifhrl 2010 a&G;aumufyGJtm; qef@usif uef@uGuf oydwfarSmuf&ef twd tvif; ajymqdka=unmxm;+yD; jzpfonf? 2010 a&G;aumufyGJonf jynfoludkzd ESdyfI ppftm%m&Sifpepfudk oufqdk;&Snfaprnfh zGJ@pnf;yHktajccHOya' 2008udk toufoGif;rnfh a&G;aumufyGJjzpfaoma=umifh ,ckuJhodk@ qHk;jzwf&jcif;jzpf a=umif;vnf; rdrdwdk@ ygwDtaejzifh t}udrf}udrf&Sif;jycJh+yD;jzpfonf? 2010 a&G;aumufyu JG kd rnfo@kd aom enf;vrf;rsm;ESihf qef@usif oydwf arSmufrnfenf;? enf;vrf;aygi;f pkH &Syd gonf? od@k aomf vlxw k &yfv;kH yg0ifEikd rf nfh vlxk enf;vrf;rsm;udk a&G;cs,fwdkufyGJ0if=u&rnf? xdktxJwGif vlxkwdkufyGJenf;jzifh 2010 a&G;aumufyGJudk qef@usifoydwfarSmufaom enf;vrf;onfvnf; wck yg0ifonf? xdkenf;vrf;onf t"duESifh tc&musonfh enf;vrf;jzpfonf? xdk@tjyif a&G;aumufyGJudk rJay;olr&Sdap&efESifh rJay;olta&twGuf enf;Edkif or# enf;yg;ap&efvnf; vkyfaqmifEdkifonf? jynfoo l mtrd/ jynfoo l mtz

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trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

etz ppftpdk;&onf 2010wGif a&G;aumufyGJ jyKvkyfay;rnf[k EdkifiH wumudk t}udrf}udrf uwdjyK ajymqdkxm;+yD; jzpfaomfvnf; ,cktcsdeftxd a&G;aumufyGJOya'/ enf;Oya'rsm;udk rxkwfjyefao;±Hkr#ru rnfonfhtcsdefwGif jyKvkyfrnfqdkonfh a&G;aumufyGJusif;yrnfh ae@&ufudkyif vHk;0xkwfaz:ajymqdkjcif; r&Sdao;acs? odk@aomf wzufwGifrl ‚if;wdk@twGuf pnf;±Hk;a&;vkyfief;rsm;udk enf; o¾mefaygif;pHkjzifh vkyfaqmifaeonf? rdrw d @kd taejzifh 2008 ckEpS w f iG f usi;f ycJah om qENc, H yl JG qef@usirf aJ y;a&; (Vote NO) v_yf&Sm;r_wGif tcsdef rvHkavmufr_a=umifh atmifjrifr_ r&&SdcJhonfudk ocFe;f pm ,loifah yonf? ,ckuwnf;u rdrw d @kd vyk af qmif&rnfh vkyif ef;wm0efrsm; udk pkppk nf;pnf;jzifh pwifjyifqif aqmif&u G &f rnfjzpfonf? etzppftpd;k &u ‚if;wd@k vkyfaqmif&rnfh tvkyfrsm;tm; tifwdkuftm;wdkuf vkyfaqmifaecsdefwGif2010 a&G;aumufyGJudk qef@usifwdkufzsuf=urnfh 'Drdkua&pD tiftm;pkrsm;taejzifhvnf; udk,fvkyf&rnfhtvkyfudk pwifjyifqifaqmif&Guf=u&rnf? vlxkudk v_H@aqmf=u& awmhrnf? tcsdefr&Sdawmhyg? odk@r[kwfygu 2008 ckESpfwGif usif;ycJhaom qENcH,lyGJuJhodk@ tcsdefrvkH ravmufjzpfum atmifyGJr& jzpfoGm;Edkifonf? xdk@a=umifh 2010 a&G;aumufyGJ qef@usio f ydwaf rSmufa&;udk ,ck tcsed u f wnf;u pwifjyifqif aqmif&u G o f mG ;&ef ta&;}uD;ae+yDjzpfonf?

4

jynfoo l mtrd/ jynfoo l mtz

trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

Democratic Party for a New Society (DPNS) Research and Studies Centre

a0zefo;kH oyfcsuf trSwpf Of(10§2009) (etz) ppftpk;d &[m acgi;f odyrf mw,f (2009 ckESpf/ pufwifbmv 28 &uf) (eAz) ppftpdk;&tay: q,fpkESpfwpfckausmf ydwfqdk@zdtm;ay; (Sanction)chw J m tusdK;oufa&mufr_ wpfpkHwpf&mrS r&&dScJhbl;vdk@ 0efcHvdkuf+yD;aemuf tdkbm;rm; tkyfcsKyfa&; tzGJ@uzdtm;ay; ta&;,lr_(Sanction)ukd wpfbufu udkifpGJxm;+yD; w+ydKifeufxJrSmvnf; (etz)ppftpdk;&e@J eD;eD;uyfuyfqufqH(Engagement)oGm;r,fvdk@ a=unmvdkufygw,f? zdtm;vnf; qufay;§ eD;eD;uyfuyfvnf; qufqHoGm;r,fwhJ? 'gqdk&if tjyKoabmaqmifwhJ qufqHa&; (Constructive Engagement Policy) usihfokH;chJwhJ tmpD,Hua&m (etz)ppftpdk;&udk jrefrmh'Drdkua&pDta&;twGuf§ trsdK;om; jyefvnfoihfjrwfa&;twGuf wpfpkHwpf&m qGJaqmifem;cs EdkifchJyg&JŒvm;? jzpfxGef; wdk;wufr_ wpfpkHw&mr# r&¶dSchJa=umif; q,fpkESpfwpfckausmf jzwfoef;r_u tajzay;chJyg+yD? wcsdKŒ ajym=uw,f? tar&duefu “qif” yJ? qifoGm;&if vrf;jzpfw,fwhJ? 'gqdk&if “qif”u q,fpkESpf wpfckausmf zdtm;ay; ta&;,lchJwm bma=umihf tusdK; oufa&mufr_ wpfpkHwpf&m r&wmvJ? “qif”u ajcmuf¶kHyJ ajcmufae+yD; wu,freif;chJvdk@ygvdk@ xrif;a&ylvmv#mv$J tajzay;=uOD;rvm;? zdtm; ay;chJwmudk rjym;chJwhJ (etz) ppftpdk;&[m qifacsmh/ acsmh&ifa&m aysmhvmyghrvm;? wyfrawmftwGif;e@J jynfolawG tay: owif;pm aqmif;yg;awGuae wqihf (etz) ppftpd;k &u rmeaxmif+yD; [efa&;jyºuGm;0gwmawGukd awG@=u OD;r,f xifyg&JŒ?

jynfoo l mtrd/ jynfoo l mtz

5

trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

'ghtjyif jynfyEdkifiH toD;oD;uae zdtm;ay; ta&;,lzdk@ (Lobbying) t"duxm; wdkufwGef;ae=uwhJ u|efawmfwdk@ tiftm;pkawG[m jzpfay:vmr,hf “zdtm;vnf; ay;§ eD;eD; uyfuyfvnf; qufqHqdkwhJ ay:vpD” atmufrSm b,fvdkykHpHeJ@ qufpcef;oGm;=urvJ? (etz) ppfpdk;&[m odyfacgif;rmygw,f? tifrwefudk acgif;rmygw,f? b,fvdkjynfy&JŒ zdtm;udrk S ra=umufb;l vd@k vnf; ºuGm;0gavh &dyS gw,f? vrf;jyajryk(H 7)csu§f zG@pJ nf;ykt H ajccHOya' (2008)§ “2010 a&G;aumufyGJ”wdk@ qdkwm (etz)ppftpdk;&&JŒ rqkwfwrf; cHppfpcef;awGyg? xdk@twlygyJ OD;wifOD;/ a':atmifqef;pk=unf/ cGefxGef;OD;/ pdkif;nGef@vGif/ udkrif;udkEdkif pwhJ EdkifiHa&; tusOf;om;awG c|if;csufr&dS v$wfay;a&;/ zGJ@pnf;ykHtajccHOya' (2008) jyefvnfokH; oyfa&; qdw k mawG r&&db S eJ @J jynfwiG ;f jynfy twdu k t f cH tiftm;pkawG bufuvnf; tav#mah y; vdkufavsmEdkifzdk@ vkH;0rjzpfEdkifyg? 'Dvdk xdyfwdkufawG@aewhJ jy\em (2)&yf ajz&Sif;a&;eJ@ ywfouf+yD; “zdtm;vnf;ay;§ eD;eD;uyfuyfvnf; qufqHqdkwhJay:vpD”u tqifajyEkdifr,fh enf;vrf;wpf&yfudk &SmazGtqdkjyK Ekdifyghrvm;? tvkyf jzpfyghrvm;? rnfo@kd yif&aSd p trsKd ;om;'Dru kd a&pD tzG@cJ sKyftaeeJ@vnf; &ifqikd &f r,hf tajctaeopf twGuf oabmxm; tjrifrsm; pkpnf;Edkif&ef A[dktvkyftr_aqmif rsufESmpkHnD tpnf;ta0; wpf&yf ac:,l&ef ta&;w}uD; vdktyfygw,f? xdk@twlygyJ vwfwavmumvrSm yJcl;wdkif;eJ@ rE Wav;wdkif;twGif;&dS atmufajc +rdKŒ e,fygw0D ifrsm;u wifjyawmif;qdak ewhJ Edik if v H ;Hk qdik &f m txl;tpnf;ta0;wpf&yf tjrefac:,la&; udkvnf; trsdK;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyftaeeJ@ tcsdefrD aqmif&Gufay;oihfygw,f? (etz) ppftpdk;&qDu cGihfjyKcsufudkom xdkifapmihfae&if tcsdefaESmif;oGm;ygvdrfhr,f?

Research & Studies Centre Democratic Party for a New Society (DPNS) www.dpnsburmese.org

6

jynfoo l mtrd/ jynfoo l mtz

trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

ckusaemfwdkŒ&JŒudpPu jrefrmEdkifiHujynfolvlxk w&yfvHk;eJŒtwdkuftcH 'Drdkua&pD tif tm;pk w&yfvHk;twGuf ppftm%m&Sifpepf tjrpfjywfz,f&Sm;a&; 'Drdkua&pDEdkifiHopf wnf aqmufa&; awmfvSefa&;jzpf+yD; ck EkdifiHudk tm%modrf;jyD; tkyfcsKyfaewJh ppftm%m&Sif tpdk;& twGufuawmh w&m;0ifppftm%m&SifpepfeJŒ wdkif;jynftm%mudk a&&Snfxdef;csKyfxm;zdk@ jzpfyg w,f? jrefrmEkdifiHu jynfolvlxk&JŒ qEN/ jynfolvlxk&JŒ wu,fhoabmxm;uawmh ppftm %m&Sifpepf ppfwyftkyfcsKyfa&;uae tajccHvlŒtcGifhta&;udk tjynfht0 tmrcHEdkifwJh 'Drdkua& pDEikd if H wnfaqmufa&;jzpf+yD; 'guv kd nf; 1990 ckEpS f ygwpD kH 'Dru kd a&pD a&G;aumufy}JG uD;rSm ay:vGif xif&Sm;jyocJh+yD;jzpfygw,f?

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7

trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

2010 ckEpS f eD;uyfvmwmeJŒtr# ppf tpd;k &&JŒ a&G;aumufyo JG nfom wckwnf;aom tajz/ wckwnf;aom a&G;cs,fp&m tcGifht vrf;qk+d yD; t±k;d t&if;&r,fh tm%muav;awG ukd ukid pf +JG yD; 'Dru dk a&pDEidk if o H pf}uD; wnfaqmuf tHh qkdwJ@olawGvnf; tv#Kdtv#Kd ay:xGufjyif qifvm=uwm awGŒae&yg+yD? 'Dxuf wkdawmif;wJhtjrifeJ@ ukd,f usdK;pD;yGm;A[kdjyK tm%m,lcsifwJh olawGukd vnf; awGŒjrifae&yg+yD? jyifqifpnf;±kH;r_awGukd vnf; vkyfae=u+yD jzpfygw,f? tmqD,HEkdifiHawGeJ@ w±kwf/ tEdN, pwJh tdref ;D csi;f Ekid if aH wGuawmh olw@dk wkid ;f jynf awG&JŒ ukd,fpDukd,fpD tusKd;pD;yGm;awGt& ppf tpkd;&eJ@ tqifajyacsmarG@atmif qufqHrSmyJ jzpfygw,f? tavsmhtwif; tay;t,l av; awGvnf; vkyfaeOD;rSmygyJ? 'DtcsdefrSm tar&duefEkdifiHvnf; ta&SŒawmiftm&SEkdifiHawGeJ@ qufqHa&;ukd t ajymif;tvJvkyf+yD; ppftpkd;&ukd csOf;uyfzkd@ vkyf vmwJhtwGuf a'owGif; =oZmv$rf;rkd;r_t& tar&duefeJ@ w±kwfwkd@=um;rSm rsufvkH; vSef =unfh&wmawG &SdvmcJhyg+yD? jrefrm ppftm%m&Sif tpk;d &uawmh olwkd@tusdK;pD;yGm;twGuf b,fol@ukd b,fvkd tay;t,l vkyf&r,fqkdwmukd ^m%feD ^m%f eufawG trsKd;rsdK;eJ@ tm;xkwfaeyg+yD? jrefrm ppftm%m&Sif AkdvfcsKyfawG[m olwdk@udk bm vkyyf g/ b,fvv dk yk yf gq+dk yD; trde@f ay; apckid ;f wm rsKd;ukdawmh emcHvkyfaqmifay;wmrsdK; rawGŒ& ygbl;? ukvor*~vdk tzG@J tpnf;}uD;eJ@ wm 0ef&SdolawG&J@ arwWm&yfcH ajymqkdwkdufwGef;r_ awG/ tzGJ@&J@ qkH;jzwfcsufawGukdvnf; vufcH vku d ef m aqmif&u G w f mrsKd ; r&Scd yhJ gb;l ? olw@dk vyk f csif&molwkd@ pepfwus pDrHxm;wmawGukdom 8

b,fol vufcH/ vufrcH ta&;w,l vkyfrae bJ ZGwfwkd; vkyfcJhwmawGukdom awG@&ygw,f? usaemft&if a&;om;azmfjycJzh ;l ovkd jrefrmppftm%m&SifawG[m olwkd@ukd }udKuf onfjzpfap r}udKufonfjzpfap tdref ;D csi;f Ekid if H awG/ tmqD,EH idk if aH wG taemufe@J Oa&myEkid if H awGu olwkd@ukdvm+yD; qufqH&rSmyJvkd@ ,kH =unfxm;ovkd/ ukvor*~ tzGJ@tpnf;}uD; tygt0ifwjcm; b,fEkdifiHurS olwdk@ukd tif tm;okH;+yD; tm%mukvm;xkdifu qGJcsvkd@ r& Ekdifbl;vkd@vnf; tckdiftrm ,kH=unfxm;=uyg w,f? tckqkd&if olwkd@eJ@ typf&yf +idrf;csrf; a&;,lxm;+yD; olwkd@ apckdif;wJhtwkdif; e,fjcm; apmifw h yftjzpf ajymif;vJ zG@J pnf;ay;zk@d oabm rwl/ uvefuqefvyk cf w hJ hJ uk;d uef@tzG@J udk tif tm;tvkH;t&if;eJ@ wkdufckdufajz&Sif;jycJhyg+yD? olwdk@vkdyJ oabmrwl qef@usif=uwJh 0jynf aoG;pnf;nDnGwfa&;wyfrawmf(UWSA)eJŒ ucsifjynf vGwfvyfa&;wyfrawmf(KIA)wkdŒ [mvnf; ukd;uef@tzGJ@&JŒ uH=urRmrsdK;eJ@ &ifqkdif &p&m tajctae &Sdae+yDvkdŒ cefŒrSef;&ygw,f?

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jynfoo l mtrd/ jynfoo l mtz

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13

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14

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trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

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trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

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trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

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jynfoo l mtrd/ jynfoo l mtz

trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

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trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

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jynfoo l mtrd/ jynfoo l mtz

trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

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trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

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jynfoo l mtrd/ jynfoo l mtz

trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

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trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

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jynfoo l mtrd/ jynfoo l mtz

trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

- olw@kd uom 'Dru kd a&pD&ŒJ tm;enf;csuef @J tm;omcsurf sm;udk oH;k oyf+yD; vdt k yfovdk jyKjyifoGm;Ekdif=uolrsm; jzpfygw,f? csKyfvdkuf&ifawmh a&G;aumufyGJudk (2010)rSm usif;yr,f? zGJ@pnf;yHktajccHOya'(2008) qdkwmudk (92 '\r 48) &mckdifE_ef;eJ@ axmufcHtwnfjyKxm;wmjzpfw,f? 'ga=umihf trsdK;om;'Drdkua&pD tzGJ@csKyfu zGJ@pnf;ykHtajccHOya' jyefvnfoHk;oyfa&; awmif;qdkaewmudk vufrcHbl;§tav; rxm;bl;? 'Drdkua&pDpepfudk jynfyu csrSwfvdk@ r&bl;? jynfyzdtm; ay;wmudk vufrcHbl;? csrSwfxm;wJh (vrf;jyajryHk) twkdif;qufvkyfoGm;r,f qdkwmygyJ? awmif;qdkaewJh OD;wifOD;/ a':atmifqef;pk=unf/ cGefxGef;OD;/ pdkif;!Gef@vGif/ rif;udkEkdif tp&SdwJh EkdifiHa&;tusOf;om; tm;vHk;udk c|if;csufr&Sd tjrefqHk; v$wfay;a&;qdkwJh udpPudkawmh pum;xJawmif xnhfajymroGm;vdk@ rSwfcsufay;p&m rvdkawmhygbl;? jy\em ajyvnfa&;&JŒ aomhcsufu (etz) ppftpdk;&vufxJrSm &Sd+rJ&Sdaeygw,f? trsdK;om; 'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyfu tcgtm;avsmfpGm ajym=um;aewJh pum;eJ@ajym&&if (etz) ppftpdk;&rSm (Political will) r&SdwmygyJ? (etz) ppftpdk;&rSm &SdaewJh (Political will) uvnf; jynfwiG ;f jynfy awmif;qkrd t _ m;vH;k udk ypfy,fvspv f sL¶_+yD; olw@kd vrf;a=umif;twkid ;f olw@kd ZGww f ;kd oGm;aewmyJ jzpfygw,f? 'DvdkoGm;aeEdkifwmuvnf; tajccHtm;jzifh ajym&&if usaemfwdk@ jynfwGif;jynfy tiftm;pkawGtaeeJ@vnf; wpkwpnf;xJ ckid cf idk rf mrmeJ@ toHrxGuEf idk w f meJ@ xdxad &mufa&muf pkppk nf;pnf; rvkyEf idk af o;wma=umihyf gy?J q&m}uD; OD;0if;wifpum;eJ@ ajym&&if jynfou l kd tao tcsm rsufESmrrlEkdifao;wmyJ jzpfygw,f? jynfoludk aoaocsmcsm rsufESmrlzdk@ odyfta&;}uD; ygw,f? usaemfwdk@twGuf tcsdefodyfrusefawmhygbl;? usaemfw@kd ajymaewJh (etz)ppftpk;d &u odyaf cgi;f rmw,f? tifrwef acgi;f rmw,fv@kd qdw k m[m tºuGi;f rJh oabmeJ@ ajymaewm r[kwyf gb;l ? nD!w G w f hJ vlxpk rG ;f tm;udo k m az:xkwf pnf;¶Hk;Ekdifr,fqdk&if tifrwef rmygw,fqdkwJh (etz)ppftpdk;& OD;acgif;udk tokbcscgeD;rSm ±dkufcGJvdkufwJh aomufa&tdk;vdk tpdwfpdwftr$mr$mjzpfatmif cGJypfEkdifygvdrhfr,f? jynf o l u d k r suf E S m rl = upd k @ jynf o l e J @ twl c H p m;pk d @ jynf o l e J @ twl w d k u f y G J 0 if = upk d @

wlarmifndK (2009 atmufwdkbm 2 &uf)

jynfoo l mtrd/ jynfoo l mtz

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trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

vl@abmifopf'Drdku&ufwpfygwD

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jynfoo l mtrd/ jynfoo l mtz

trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

,ck w zef zG J @ pnf ; yH k t ajccH O ya' (2008)ud k pd w f } ud K uf a &;qG J twnf j yKcJ h + yD ; ppftm%m&Sifpepfjzihf xm0pOf zdESdyftkyfpdk;oGm;Ekdif&ef vufawG@ vkyfaqmifaeygonf? u|efawmfwdk@udk,fwkdif yg0ifjzwfoef;cJh=uaom ESpf(20)ausmf ppftm%m&Sifpepf wkdufzsufa&; tawGŒt}uHKt& ppftm%m&Sifpepfudk tcsuf (4)csufjzihf +cHKiHkaz: jy&v#if æ 1? Ekid if aH &;e,fy,fwiG f ppfwyf}uD;wpfcv k ;kH udk umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyfO;D aqmifonfh ppfAv dk w f pfpk (ppftkyfpk)u csKyfudkifxm;+yD; EkdifiHa&;orm;§EkdifiHa&;v_yf&Sm;r_ESihf jynfolrsm;udk t=urf;zuf zdESdyfjcif;jzpfygonf? 2? pD;yGm;a&;e,fy,fwGif wkdif;jynf. pD;yGm;a&;ESifh "eOpPmrsm;udk vuf0g;}uD;tkyf vk,uf odrf;ykduf csKyfukdifcs,fvS,fxm;+yD; vlxkvlwef;pm;tv$mtoD;oD;udk qif;&JwGif;xJodk@ epfoxufepfatmif wGef;csaejcif; jzpfygonf? 3? vlrsdK;pka&;&me,fy,fwGif vlrsdK;aygif;pHkwkdif;&if;om;rsm;. trsdK;om;wef;wla&;ESihf ud, k yf ikd jf yXmef;f cGirhf sm;udk todrw S jf yK vufcjH cif;r&So d nfEiS fh w+ydKifeuf acsmjh r‡L aoG;cGaJ &;ESifh t=urf; zufzdEdSyf acsr_ef;a&;udk usifhoHk;aejcif;jzpfygonf? 4? EkdifiHwume,fy,fwGif wnf¶SdaeaomurBmhtcif;tusif;ukd vdkovdktoHk;csI EkdifiH}uD; wpfc§k tkypf w k pfcu k kd t"duxm; rScD jdk cif; rjyKbJ/ ppftyk pf . k tm%mcsKyfuidk x f m;r_EiS fh wnf+rJru _ kd todtrSwfjyKonfh EkdifiHESihf tkyfpkrsm;udk ajymif;vJrSDckdI vdkovdk toHk;csaejcif;yifjzpfygonf? xdk@a=umihf wkdif;jynfESihf vlrsdK;pHkjynfolvlxk. EkdifiHa&;/ pD;yGm;a&;/ vlr_a&;/ ynma&;/ usef;rma&; tp&Sdaomvlr_b0 e,fy,fpkHrSm tcuftcJ tusyfwnf;rsdK;pHkESihf &ifqdkifae&ygonf? ,cktcg (etz) ppftkyfpkonf 1990 jynfhESpf a&G;aumufyGJ&v'fESifh a&G;aumufyGJ tEdkif&ygwDrsm;. EdkifiHa&; wefzdk;rsm;udk eif;acs zsufodrf;ypf&ef }uHpnftm;xkwfaeygonf? trsdK;om;wef;wlcGifhESifh udk,fydkifjyXmef;cGifh &&Sda&;twGuf toufaoG;ac|;wdk@udk ay;qyfum ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm wkdufyGJ0ifaeaom trsdK;om;awmfvSefa&; tiftm;pkrsm; udkvnf; twif;t"rR zdtm;ay;I zsufodrf;ypf&ef }uHpnftm;xkwfaeygonf? odk@twGuf u|efawmfwdk@ ukd,fwkdif yg0ifjzwfoef;cJhonfh jzwfoef;aeonfh ESpf(20) qkdonfh umvwkd tawG@t}uHKt& ajym&v#if vlrsdK;aygif;pHkjynfolrsm;. vufiif;vufawGŒ vdktyfcsufonf ppftm%m¶Sifpepf tukeftpifzsufodrf;+yD; +idrf;csrf;a&;/ 'Drkdua&pDa&;/ trsdK;om;wef;wla&;/ ukd,fykdifjyXmef;cGifh&Sda&;ESihf wdkif;jynfacwfrDzGH@+zdK;wdk;wufa&;omjzpfygonf? jynfoo l mtrd/ jynfoo l mtz

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trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

Tvrf;a=umif;udk csDwuf&mwGif t"du twm;tqD;ESihf taESmihft,SufrSm ppftm%m&Sifpepfomv#if jzpfygonf? ,cktcg (etz)ppftpdk;&u “zGJ@pnf;yHktajccHOya' (2008)”/ “2010a&G;aumufy”JG wd@k jzihf ppftm%m¶Sipf epf qufvuf touf oGi;f oGm;Ekid af &;udk vufawG@aqmif&Gufaeygonf? ok@d ygI ,ae@umvwGif jynfot l m;vH;k ESifh jynfwiG ;f jynfy Ekid if aH &;tiftm;pktm;vk;H . t"duwm0efrSm ppftm%m&Sifpepf xm0pOf wnf+rJa&;twGuf a&;qGJtwnfjyKcJhaom “zGJ@pnf;yHktajccHOya'(2008)” ESihf tqdkyg zGJ@pnf;yHk tajccHOya'udk toufoGif;rnfh “2010 a&G;aumufyGJ”udk jywfjywfom;om; qef@usifwdkufzsufa&;om jzpfyga=umif;ESihf ,if; wm0efudk jynfwGif;jynfy tiftm;pk toD;oD;ESifh jynfolw&yfvHk;taejzihf wpfpdwfwpf0rf;wnf; vufwGJaqmif¶Guf=uyg&ef u|efawmfwdk@ygwD. (21)ajrmufarG;ae@ tcgor,wGif tav;teuf wdkufwGef;yef=um;tyfygonf? - zGJ@pnf;yHktajccHOya' (2008) udk qef@usifwkdufzsuf=u - 2010 a¶G;aumufyGJ qef@usifoydwfarSmuf=u - jynfwGif;jynfytiftm;pkrsm; pnf;vHk;nD!Gwf=u

A[kOd ;D aqmifaumfrwD vl@abmifopf'Drkdu&ufwpfygwD(A[kdXmecsKyf) 2009 ckESpf/ atmuffwkdbm 14 &uf?

32

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trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

yDusif;twGuf jrefrmocFe;f pm ref;vm;AG,f pufwifbm 17-2009? w±kwfjynfol@orRwEdkifiH xlaxmifonfh tESpf(60)jynfh&uf eD;uyfvmcsdef wGif/ jrefrm e,fpyfwav#muf ±kwfw&uf rwnfr+idrfjzpfvmcJhojzihf yDusif;taejzihf pdwfroufromjzifh tHtm;oifhapchJ&onf? ,if;jzpf&yfonf ppftpkd;&ESifh w±kwfwdk@. cdkifcdkifrmrm odyfr&SdvSaom cspf=unfr_obm0ESifh ywfoufI oifcef;pmw&yfyifjzpf onf? xk@d jyif jrefrmEkid if . H Edik if aH &;tajymif;tvJonfom yDusi;f .taumif;qk;H tusKd ; pD;yGm;jzpfonfqkdonfukd owday;vdkufjcif;vnf;jzpfygonf? vGefcJhonfhvu w±kwfjynfe,fpyfteD; udk;uef@&Sd ppftpkd;&udk emcHr_r&Sdawmh onfh ppfwyfz@JG tm; jrefrmwyfrsm;u wdu k cf u kd cf o hJ jzifh wku d yf rJG sm; pwifjzpfc&hJ mu axmif aygif;rsm;pGmaom 'kuQonfrsm; w±kwfjynf ,leefe,ftwGif;okd@ xGufajy;cJh=uonf? r=umcifrmS yif oHwrefa&;wku d yf u JG qufjzpfvmonf? “jrefrmEdik if t H aejzihf a'ownf+idrfr_udk xdef;odrf;umuG,f&ef rdrdjynfwGif;a&;jy\emudk aumif;rGefpGm udkif wG,f ajz&Si;f oifo h nf”[k ajymaeus xk;H pHr[kwo f nfh cyfwif;wif; owday;csuw f ckukd yDusif;u xkwfjyefcJhygonf? jrefrmppfacgif;aqmifrsm;uawmh ukd;uef@udk wdkufckdufonhf udpPtwGuf yDusif;. axmufcHr_ESifh ywfouf+yD; t&dyft¹rGuf az: jycJhao;onf? ordkif;wGif yxrOD; qkH;t}udrftjzpf jrefrmppftpdk;&owif;pmu wdbufacgif;aqmif 'vkdif;vm;rm;. wkdif0rf c&D;ta=umif; owif;wyk'fudk az: jycJhonf? w±kwfjynfu ppftpdk;&ESifhqufqHa&;wGif &if;ESD;jr‡KyfESHr_ tajrmuftrsm; jyK vkyfxm;aoma=umihf/ ,ckuJhokd@ bmrSr[kwfyJ vlod&Sif=um; tcsif;rsm;r_rSm rSwfom; avmufp&mawmhjzpfonf? yDusif;onf jrefrmEdkifiHtm; q,fpkESpfESifhcsDI ppfa&; taxmuftyHhrsm;udk &uf&ufa&ma&may;cJhonf? puf±kHrsm;udk wnfaqmufay;onf? jrefrm. ºuG,f0vSonfh o,HZmw&if; jrpfrsm;udk wl;az:ay;onf? w±kwfjynfonf jrefrmEdkifiH. t}uD;rm;qkH;ukefoG,fzuf Edik if v H nf;jzpfonf? Edik if aH &;ppfrsuEf mS wGiv f nf; yDusi;f onf ukvor*~ vkjH cKHa&;aumif pDESifh tjcm;EdkifiHwum tpnf;ta0;rsm;wGif ppftpdk;&tay: taemufwkdif;. ydwfqkd@ ta&;,lr_rsm;/ ppftpkd;&tay:&efvdkonfh qufqHr_rsm; rxda&mufap&ef t"duum uG,fay;cJhonf? jynfoo l mtrd/ jynfoo l mtz

33

trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

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trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

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trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

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jynfoo l mtrd/ jynfoo l mtz

trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

ygwD v _ y f & S m ;r_ rS w f w rf ; "mwf y H k jrefrmEkid if v H ;kH qdik &f m ausmif;om;vli,frsm; uGe*f &uf(6)}urd af jrmuf nDvmcHwiG f ygwu D , kd pf m;vS,rf sm; wufa&mufaqG;aEG;

ygwDOuUXrS tzGifhtrSmpum;ajym=um;pOf

jynfoo l mtrd/ jynfoo l mtz

47

trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

ygwD v _ y f & S m ;r_ rS w f w rf ; "mwf y H k vl@abmifopfausmif;

v_yf&Sm;r_rSwfwrf;

48

jynfoo l mtrd/ jynfoo l mtz

trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

ygwD v _ y f & S m ;r_ rS w f w rf ; "mwf y H k

tvkyo f rm; todynmjri‡ w hf ifa&; tpDtpOf

jynfoo l mtrd/ jynfoo l mtz

49

trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

ygwD v _ y f & S m ;r_ rS w f w rf ; "mwf y H k *syefXmecGJ v_yf&Sm;r_rsm;

50

jynfoo l mtrd/ jynfoo l mtz

trSwf (8)/ 2009 ckEpS f atmufwb kd mv

ygwD v _ y f & S m ;r_ rS w f w rf ; "mwf y H k

Edik if w H um rdwaf qGrsm;ESihf

XmecsKyfwGif

&if;&if;ES;D ES;D yGiyfh iG v fh if;vif; jynfoo l mtrd/ jynfoo l mtz

51

jynfolomtrd jynfolomtz

Ù ppftm%m&Sipf epf tuket f pif zsuo f rd ;f a&;

Ù 'Drdkua&pDESifh vl@tcGifhta&;udk tjy!fht0tmrcHEdkifa&;

Ù +idrf;csrf;a&;

Ù trsK;d om;rsm;. wef;wla&;ESihf ud, k yf ikd jf yÏmef;cGiu hf kd tmrcHEdkifaomjynfe,faygif;pkjynfaxmifpkwnfaqmufa&;