Doors & Windows Bmc.ppt

Doors & Windows

What is a door? • a door is an opening in a wall that serves as connecting link between the various internal portions of building. • a door is used to close off rooms but being able to access them by turning the door knob and opening it.

What is a Window? • A window is an opening in a wall or roof to allow light and air into the house.

Location of doors and windows • The no of doors in a room should be kept minimum since larger no of doors cause obstruction and consume more area in circulation. • It should not be located in the centre of the wall. It should preferably located near the corner of room. nearly 20cm away from the corner. • If there are two doors in a room the door should preferably be located in opposite walls, facing each other, so as to provide good ventilation, and free circulation of air in rooms.

• A window should be located in opposite wall, facing a door or another window so that cross ventilation is achieved. • From the point of view of fresh air, window should be located on northern side of room. • The location of window should also meet the functional requirements, i.e. interior decoration. • The sill of a window should be located about 70 to 80cm about floor level of the room.

Important terms • • • • • •

Frame Shutters Head Sill Horn Style

• • • • • • • • • •

Top rail Lock rail Bottom rail Intermediate / cross rail Panel Mullion Transom Hold fasts Jambs Reveal : is external jamb of door or window opening at right angles to wall face.

• Rebate : is depression made inside door frame, to receive door shutter.

Size of doors • Width = Two person should pass shoulder to shoulder. • Height = Should not be less than 1.8 m to 2 m. • Residential buildings: • • • •

External……..(1mX2m) to (1.1mX2m) Internal………(0.9mX2m) to (1mX2m) Bathrooms….(0.7mX2m) to (0.8mX2m) Garages………. (2.25mX2.25m) to (2.40mX2.25m)

– Public buildings: • 1.2m X 2m

1.2m X 2.1m

1.2m X 2.25 m

Door frames It is assembly of horizontal and vertical members forming an enclosure to which door shutters are fixed.

Vertical member

– Jambs or posts

Horizontal top member – Head

Material : Door frames – 1. Timber

2. Steel section

3. Aluminum sections

Fixing Of Door Frame

Types of doors • Classification on the basis of arrangement of components – Battened & ledged doors – Battened, ledged & braced doors – Battened, ledged & framed doors – Battened, ledged, braced & framed doors

• Classification on the basis of method or manner of construction • • • • •

Framed & paneled doors Glazed or sash doors Flush doors Louvered doors/ VENETIAN doors Wire gauged doors

• Classification on the basis of working operations • • • • •

Revolving doors Sliding doors Swing doors Collapsible steel doors Rolling steel shutter doors

• Metal doors

Battened & ledged doors

Battened, ledged, braced & Framed doors

Framed & paneled doors

Glazed or sash doors

Louvered doors/ VENETIAN doors

Wire gauged doors

• Swing doors

Revolving doors

Sliding doors

Collapsible steel doors

Rolling steel shutter doors

Door Styles

Transom window Sliding doors

Folding door

Screen door

Sliding doors

Batten door

Windows • Purpose – Admits light – Provides fresh air and ventilation – Adds detail, balance, interest – Visually enlarges interior space

Selection of window • • • • • • • •

Size of room Location of room Utility of room Direction of wall Direction of wind Climatic conditions Requirements of exterior view Architectural treatment

 Based on above factors, the thumb rule follows : • Breadth of window=1/8(width of room + height of room) • Total area of window opening- vary from 1020% of floor area • The area should be at least 1 M2 for every 3040 M3 of inside content of room. • In public building – min area -20% of floor area • For sufficient natural light, area of glazed panels – 8-10% of floor area

Types of Windows • • • • • • • •

Fixed Pivoted Double hung Sliding Louvered Casement Sash Metal

• • • • • • • • •

Bay Clerestory Corner Dormer Gable Lantern Skylights Ventilators Combined windows & ventilators

Window Types • Fixed – Do not open – Combined with other windows

Pivoted windows

Double Hung • Double-hung – Two sashes slide up and down – Most commonly used

• These windows are very easy to clean.

Sliding Windows • These windows just slide open. They are also a very easy to clean .

Casement Windows • This window is easy to open and opens with a handle

Sash / Glazed windows • Type of casement window

Louvered windows

Metal windows

Bay Window – Fixed or casement – Project from structure.

• A bay window is usually a big window that comes out from the house. They also have side windows on the side.

Bay Window

Corner window

Dormer window

Gable window

Lantern window

Sky lights •Skylights –Built into roof –Admit light