Credit Analy

It is generally assumed that if an investment is profitable, the loan can be repaid without any difficulty. To test the economic feasibility, loans are classified into: Self-liquidating loans. Partially liquidating or Non-liquidating loans.

Self-liquidating Loans.  These loans usually will be realised by

the borrower back by the borrower in the same year of investment.  The services of these loans are used up in the same year or season of its investment.  In other words it gets depreciated completely in the same year.

 Hence, the production process after such

investments should be able to generate income to cover the original cost of cultivation and the additional investment made through raising credit.  This self generation of additional income is what is called self-liquidation.  Repayment Capacity is estimated as F:\credit\Credit analysis.doc

Partially Liquidating or Non-liquidating Loans These are the loans, where the resources acquired are not directly consumed or consumed over a number of years. As the total investment is not completely used up in the same year of investment nor get depreciated for the same crop season, even the returns are also expected over a number of years.

 Thus, the investment by taking such

loans may not be in a position to pay in the same year.  In other words, the additional returns generated out of the additional investment will not be sufficient to cover the total investment.  Hence, the liquidation of additional investment is partial and spread over a number of years.

 The repayment capacity is estimated as

F:\credit\R C Non-liquidating loan.doc

Measures to strengthen Repayment Capacity  Increasing net income by proper

organisation and operation of the farm business.  Adopting the proper technology for increasing production and reducing the farm expenses.  Removing the imbalances in resource availability.

 Scheduling the loan repayment plans

coinciding with the flow of income.  Strengthening net worth of the farm business.  Adopting the risk management strategies like crop insurance / cattle insurance.

Types of Risks in Agriculture 1. Production risks 2. Technological risks 3. Risk caused by sickness of the family 4. 5. 6. 7.

members Institutional risks Weather uncertainty Price uncertainty Risks caused by illiteracy and ignorance

Measures to Strengthen RBA 1. Building up of the owner’s equity as 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

owner’s equity is back bone of RABA Developing moral character of the borrower. Reducing farm and family expenditure. Taking stable and reliable enterprises. Taking up crop and other insurances. Diversifying the farm production. Increasing the ability to borrow during good and bad periods.

Five C’s of Credit  Character.  Capacity.  Capital.  Condition.  Commonsense.