Computer Network No.1 (introduction) From Apcoms
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CPS 422 Computer Networks Major Muhammad Faisal Amjad CS Dept
Internet………
Everyone uses it
We want it Everywhere
Even at our fingertips
We even call and meet each other over the Internet
Why should TV be an exception
World has become a global village because of the Internet So… What is Internet ??? It is a collection of a very large number of “inter-connected NETWORKS” that connect millions of “devices” that can “communicate” with each other And why should we study networks
What is this course about? Introductory (first) course in computer networking Learn principles and Architecture of computer networking This is NOT a course on network building or specific usage, However Internet architecture/protocols will be studied to understand networking principles.
What is this course about? Goals: learn a lot (not just facts, but principles) enjoy learning Computer Networks (Not as a burden) be able to make intelligent decisions about network design, use and management be able to pick up and learn details of a particular system as you need it be able to quickly find protocol descriptions and problem solutions be able to discuss data communication systems with supervisors and co-workers on the job (and may be impress them with high sounding technical jargons)
Course Information Who is this course for? o Undergrads of TE and BESE
Prerequisites: o Willingness to work hard (for survival in this course and ultimately in your profession)
Course materials:
o text: Data and Computer Communications By William Stallings Fifth Edition o text: Data Communications and Networking By Behrouz Forouzan, Third Edition o Other Ref books (if necessary) will be indicated during the course. o WWW readings. o Class notes
Course Information Credit Hours:
3+1
Workload: Coursework Written assignments Announced / unannounced quizzes Midterm Exam Final exam
amount as needed as needed 1 1
%age 10% 10% 30% 50%
Missing quizzes / assignments / exam will land you into trouble. DON’T MISS THEM.
Course Conduct Networking is a Vast subject and only key concepts can be covered in the class. You are expected to read the rest from the book and other refs. Feel free to ask questions during the class about any concepts that are not clear. Material covered in the class will include some concepts from other textbooks. Please pay attention to the class discussion.
Course Outline Networking Overview Layered Approach to Network Architecture Comparison of OSI and TCP/IP architecture Physical Layer (Will not be covered in detail since Analog & Digital Comm has already been studied) o o o o o o
Analog / Digital Communication Transmission Media Data Encoding Interfacing Multiplexing Packet Switching / Circuit Switching
Course Outline (Contd…) Data Link Layer o o o o
Error Detection / Correction / Control Elementary Data Link Protocols Sliding Window Protocols MAC Sub-layer
MAC Protocols (CSMA, ALOHA, WLANs etc.) IEEE 802 Standards for LANs Bridges High Speed LANs
Course Outline (Contd…) The Network Layer o o o o o o o
Internetworking Concepts Internet Addressing ARP IP – Connectionless Datagram Delivery Routing IP – Error and Control (ICMP) Subnet and Subnet Extension
Course Outline (Contd…) The Transport Layer o o o o o
Process – to – Process Delivery User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) Congestion Control Quality of Service (QoS)
Course Outline (Contd…) The Application Layer o o o o
Client-Server Model and the Socket Interface Domain Name System (DNS) E-mail (SMTP) and File Transfer (FTP) HTTP and the WWW
Network Security
Networking Overview
Data Communication Data Communication is the exchange of data between two devices via some form of transmission medium Fundamental characteristics of data communication: o Delivery – to correct destination o Accuracy – without errors o Timeliness
Components of data communication: o o o o o
Message Sender Receiver Medium Protocol
Sender Receiver
Message Transmission Medium
Protocol
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 …….
Protocol
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 …….
Simplified Communication Model
Simplified Data Communication Model
Direction / Timing of Data Flow o Simplex
Monitor Direction of Data
o Half Duplex
Mainframe
Workstation Workstation
o Full Duplex
Data Direction at time 1
Data Direction at time 2
Workstation Data Direction at all times
Workstation
Protocol A protocol is a set of rules that governs data communications. It represents an agreement between the communicating devices. Without protocol, devices may be connected but not communicating.
Example protocols a human protocol and a computer network protocol: Hi
TCP connection req.
Hi
TCP connection reply.
Got the time?
Get http://www.mcs.edu.pk/index.htm
2:00
time
Network Criteria Performance o e.g. transit time, response time o Depends upon media, no of users, hardware capabilities, software efficiency etc.
Reliability o Freq of failure o Failure recovery o Robustness in a catastrophe
Security
Network Topologies Mesh Star Bus Ring
Mesh
Network Topologies
Star
Bus
Ring
•No of I/O ports required
Mesh Topology
•Ease of installation / reconfigure •Link failure •Availability of link BW
•A fully connected mesh network has n(n-1)/2 physical links to connect n devices Is the network in figure above a fully connected mesh ?
Star Topology
HUB / Switch
•No of I/O ports required •Ease of installation / reconfigure •Link failure •Availability of link BW
Bus Topology Tap
•No of I/O ports required •Ease of installation / reconfigure •Link failure •Availability of link BW
Tap
Tap
Tap
•No of I/O ports required •Ease of installation / reconfigure •Link failure •Availability of link BW
Ring Topology
Network Categories Local Area Network (LAN) Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) Wide Area Network (WAN) Network Categories
LAN (Within a few buildings)
MAN (Within a city)
WAN (Across many cities)
Can you name some other Network Categories ?
An Example Networking Configuration
Internet Standards An Internet Standard is a thoroughly tested specification that is useful to and adhered to by those who work on the Internet. Any specification begins as an Internet Draft which is a working document (work-in-progress) with no official status and a 6-month lifetime. Upon recommendation from Internet authorities, a Draft may be published as a Request For Comment (RFC). Each RFC is edited, assigned a number and made available to all interested parties. Visit the URL http://www.ietf.org
Assignment # 1 (Due: Thur 27th Mar 2009)
Give advantages / disadvantages of various network topologies studied. Find out and list other network categories (e.g. LAN/MAN). Give a very brief (2-3 lines) explanation of each. Find out Two Internet Drafts and Two RFCs from the Internet, Give their numbers/names, Topics and their author(s) names.
Internet………
Everyone uses it
We want it Everywhere
Even at our fingertips
We even call and meet each other over the Internet
Why should TV be an exception
World has become a global village because of the Internet So… What is Internet ??? It is a collection of a very large number of “inter-connected NETWORKS” that connect millions of “devices” that can “communicate” with each other And why should we study networks
What is this course about? Introductory (first) course in computer networking Learn principles and Architecture of computer networking This is NOT a course on network building or specific usage, However Internet architecture/protocols will be studied to understand networking principles.
What is this course about? Goals: learn a lot (not just facts, but principles) enjoy learning Computer Networks (Not as a burden) be able to make intelligent decisions about network design, use and management be able to pick up and learn details of a particular system as you need it be able to quickly find protocol descriptions and problem solutions be able to discuss data communication systems with supervisors and co-workers on the job (and may be impress them with high sounding technical jargons)
Course Information Who is this course for? o Undergrads of TE and BESE
Prerequisites: o Willingness to work hard (for survival in this course and ultimately in your profession)
Course materials:
o text: Data and Computer Communications By William Stallings Fifth Edition o text: Data Communications and Networking By Behrouz Forouzan, Third Edition o Other Ref books (if necessary) will be indicated during the course. o WWW readings. o Class notes
Course Information Credit Hours:
3+1
Workload: Coursework Written assignments Announced / unannounced quizzes Midterm Exam Final exam
amount as needed as needed 1 1
%age 10% 10% 30% 50%
Missing quizzes / assignments / exam will land you into trouble. DON’T MISS THEM.
Course Conduct Networking is a Vast subject and only key concepts can be covered in the class. You are expected to read the rest from the book and other refs. Feel free to ask questions during the class about any concepts that are not clear. Material covered in the class will include some concepts from other textbooks. Please pay attention to the class discussion.
Course Outline Networking Overview Layered Approach to Network Architecture Comparison of OSI and TCP/IP architecture Physical Layer (Will not be covered in detail since Analog & Digital Comm has already been studied) o o o o o o
Analog / Digital Communication Transmission Media Data Encoding Interfacing Multiplexing Packet Switching / Circuit Switching
Course Outline (Contd…) Data Link Layer o o o o
Error Detection / Correction / Control Elementary Data Link Protocols Sliding Window Protocols MAC Sub-layer
MAC Protocols (CSMA, ALOHA, WLANs etc.) IEEE 802 Standards for LANs Bridges High Speed LANs
Course Outline (Contd…) The Network Layer o o o o o o o
Internetworking Concepts Internet Addressing ARP IP – Connectionless Datagram Delivery Routing IP – Error and Control (ICMP) Subnet and Subnet Extension
Course Outline (Contd…) The Transport Layer o o o o o
Process – to – Process Delivery User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) Congestion Control Quality of Service (QoS)
Course Outline (Contd…) The Application Layer o o o o
Client-Server Model and the Socket Interface Domain Name System (DNS) E-mail (SMTP) and File Transfer (FTP) HTTP and the WWW
Network Security
Networking Overview
Data Communication Data Communication is the exchange of data between two devices via some form of transmission medium Fundamental characteristics of data communication: o Delivery – to correct destination o Accuracy – without errors o Timeliness
Components of data communication: o o o o o
Message Sender Receiver Medium Protocol
Sender Receiver
Message Transmission Medium
Protocol
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 …….
Protocol
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 …….
Simplified Communication Model
Simplified Data Communication Model
Direction / Timing of Data Flow o Simplex
Monitor Direction of Data
o Half Duplex
Mainframe
Workstation Workstation
o Full Duplex
Data Direction at time 1
Data Direction at time 2
Workstation Data Direction at all times
Workstation
Protocol A protocol is a set of rules that governs data communications. It represents an agreement between the communicating devices. Without protocol, devices may be connected but not communicating.
Example protocols a human protocol and a computer network protocol: Hi
TCP connection req.
Hi
TCP connection reply.
Got the time?
Get http://www.mcs.edu.pk/index.htm
2:00
Network Criteria Performance o e.g. transit time, response time o Depends upon media, no of users, hardware capabilities, software efficiency etc.
Reliability o Freq of failure o Failure recovery o Robustness in a catastrophe
Security
Network Topologies Mesh Star Bus Ring
Mesh
Network Topologies
Star
Bus
Ring
•No of I/O ports required
Mesh Topology
•Ease of installation / reconfigure •Link failure •Availability of link BW
•A fully connected mesh network has n(n-1)/2 physical links to connect n devices Is the network in figure above a fully connected mesh ?
Star Topology
HUB / Switch
•No of I/O ports required •Ease of installation / reconfigure •Link failure •Availability of link BW
Bus Topology Tap
•No of I/O ports required •Ease of installation / reconfigure •Link failure •Availability of link BW
Tap
Tap
Tap
•No of I/O ports required •Ease of installation / reconfigure •Link failure •Availability of link BW
Ring Topology
Network Categories Local Area Network (LAN) Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) Wide Area Network (WAN) Network Categories
LAN (Within a few buildings)
MAN (Within a city)
WAN (Across many cities)
Can you name some other Network Categories ?
An Example Networking Configuration
Internet Standards An Internet Standard is a thoroughly tested specification that is useful to and adhered to by those who work on the Internet. Any specification begins as an Internet Draft which is a working document (work-in-progress) with no official status and a 6-month lifetime. Upon recommendation from Internet authorities, a Draft may be published as a Request For Comment (RFC). Each RFC is edited, assigned a number and made available to all interested parties. Visit the URL http://www.ietf.org
Assignment # 1 (Due: Thur 27th Mar 2009)
Give advantages / disadvantages of various network topologies studied. Find out and list other network categories (e.g. LAN/MAN). Give a very brief (2-3 lines) explanation of each. Find out Two Internet Drafts and Two RFCs from the Internet, Give their numbers/names, Topics and their author(s) names.
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