Computer Abriviations.docx

List of computing and IT abbreviations        

1GL—First-Generation Programming Language 286—Intel 80286 processor 2GL—Second-Generation Programming Language 3GL—Third-Generation Programming Language 386—Intel 80386 processor 486—Intel 80486 processor 4GL—Fourth-Generation Programming Language 5GL—Fifth-Generation Programming Language

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AAL—ATM Adaptation Layer ABI—Application Binary Interface AC—Alternating Current ACL—Access Control List ADSL—Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line ALU—Arithmetic and Logical Unit AMD—Advanced Micro Devices AoE—ATA over Ethernet API—Application Programming Interface ARP—Address Resolution Protocol ARPA—Address and Routing Parameter Area ARPANET—Advanced Research Projects Agency Network ASCII—American Standard Code for Information Interchange ATA—Advanced Technology Attachment ATAPI—Advanced Technology Attachment Packet Interface ATM—Asynchronous Transfer Mode AVC—Advanced Video Coding AVI—Audio Video Interleaved

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BAL—Basic Assembly Language BASIC—Beginner's All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code BCD—Binary Coded Decimal BEEP—Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol BER—Bit Error Rate BGP—Border Gateway Protocol BINAC—Binary Automatic Computer BIOS—Basic Input Output System BMP—Basic Multilingual Plane BOM—Byte Order Mark BOOTP—Bootstrap Protocol BPDU—Bridge Protocol Data Unit BPL—Broadband over Power Lines BT—Bluetooth

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B

C  CAD—Computer-Aided Design  CAE—Computer-Aided Engineering

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CAID—Computer-Aided Industrial Design CD—Compact Disc CDMA—Code Division Multiple Access CDP—Continuous Data Protection CD-R—CD-Recordable CD-ROM—CD Read-Only Memory CD-RW—CD-Rewritable CDSA—Common Data Security Architecture CG—Computer Graphics CLI—Command Line Interface CMOS—Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor COBOL—Common Business-Oriented Language COMPUTER-Common Operating Machine Particularly Used for Trade, Education, and Research CPU—Central Processing Unit CRM—Customer Relationship Management CRT—Cathode Ray Tube

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DAP—Directory Access Protocol DAT—Digital Audio Tape DB—Database DBA—Database Administrator DBMS—Database Management System DCL—Data Control Language DDL—Data Definition Language DDR—Double Data Rate DEC—Digital Equipment Corporation DHCP—Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHTML—Dynamic Hypertext Markup Language DL—Download DLL—Dynamic Link Library DLP—Digital Light Processing DMA—Direct Memory Access DMCA—Digital Millennium Copyright Act DMI—Direct Media Interface DND—Drag-and-Drop DNS—Domain Name System DOS—Disk Operating System DP—Dot Pitch DRAM—Dynamic Random Access Memory DSL—Digital Subscriber Line DSLAM—Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer DSP—Digital Signal Processor DTP—Desktop Publishing DVD—Digital Versatile Disc DVD-ROM—DVD-Read Only Memory DVD-RW—DVD-Rewritable

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EDI—Electronic Data Interchange EDSAC—Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator EDVAC—Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer EEPROM—Electronically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory

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E

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E-mail—Electronic mail EGP—Exterior Gateway Protocol EIGRP—Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol ENIAC—Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer EPROM—Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory

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FAT—File Allocation Table FAQ—Frequently Asked Questions FDD—Floppy Disk Drive FDDI—Fiber Distributed Data Interface FDMA—Frequency-Division Multiple Access FIFO—First In First Out FTP—File Transfer Protocol FQDN—Fully Qualified Domain Name

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GDI—Graphics Device Interface GIF—Graphics Interchange Format GIGO—Garbage In, Garbage Out GUI—Graphical User Interface

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HAL—Hardware Abstraction Layer HDD—Hard Disk Drive HCL—Hardware Compatibility List HP—Hewlett-Packard HTML—Hypertext Markup Language HTTP—Hypertext Transfer Protocol

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IBM—International Business Machines IC—Integrated Circuit ICMP—Internet Control Message Protocol IE—Internet Explorer IEEE—Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IGMP—Internet Group Management Protocol IGRP—Interior Gateway Routing Protocol IMAP—Internet Message Access Protocol I/O—Input/output IP—Internet Protocol IPsec—Internet Protocol security IPTV—Internet Protocol Television IRQ—Interrupt Request IS—Information Systems ISDN—Integrated Services Digital Network ISO—International Organization for Standardization ISP—Internet Service Provider IT—Information Technology ITIL—Information Technology Infrastructure Library ITU—International Telecommunication Union

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G

H

I

J     

JDK—Java Development Kit JEE—Java Enterprise Edition JPEG—Joint Photographic Experts Group JRE—Java Runtime Environment JVM—Java Virtual Machine

K  KDE—K Desktop Environment

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L2TP—Layer two Tunneling Protocol LAN—Local Area Network LCD—Liquid Crystal Display LDAP—Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LED—Light-Emitting Diode LIB—LIBrary

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MAC—Media Access Control MAN—Metropolitan Area Network MICR—Magnetic Ink Character Recognition MIDI—Musical Instrument Digital Interface MPEG—Motion Pictures Experts Group MPLS—Multiprotocol Label Switching MS—Microsoft MS-DOS—Microsoft DOS MTU—Maximum Transmission Unit

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NAT—Network Address Translation NetBIOS—Network Basic Input/Output System NFS—Network File System NIC—Network Interface Controller NOC—Network Operations Center NOS—Network Operating System NTFS—NT Filesystem NVR—Network Video Recorder NVRAM—Non-Volatile Random Access Memory

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ODBC—Open DataBase Connectivity OLAP—Online Analytical Processing OLTP—Online Transaction Processing OMR—Optical Mark Recognition OOP—Object-Oriented Programming OS—Operating System OSI—Open Systems Interconnection OSPF—Open Shortest Path First

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N

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P

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P2P—Peer-To-Peer PAN—Personal Area Network PC—Personal Computer PC DOS—Personal Computer Disk Operating System PCI—Peripheral Component Interconnect PDP—Programmed Data Processor PNG—Portable Network Graphics PoE—Power over Ethernet POP3—Post Office Protocol v3 POST—Power-On Self Test PPP—Point-to-Point Protocol PPPoA—PPP over ATM PPPoE—PPP over Ethernet PVR—Personal Video Recorder

Q  QA—Quality Assurance  QoS—Quality of Service

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RADIUS—Remote Authentication Dial In User Service RAID—Redundant Array of Independent Disks RAM—Random Access Memory RARP—Reverse Address Resolution Protocol RDBMS—Relational Database Management System RF—Radio Frequency RGB—Red, Green, Blue ROM—Read Only Memory ROM-DOS—Read Only Memory - Disk Operating System RTOS—Real-Time Operating System

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SAN—Storage Area Network SATA—Serial ATA SDN—Service Delivery Network SDRAM—Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory SFTP—Simple File Transfer Protocol SLIP—Serial Line Internet Protocol SME—Subject Matter Expert SMBIOS—System Management BIOS SMS—Short Message Service SMTP—Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SNMP—Simple Network Management Protocol SNTP—Simple Network Time Protocol SQL—Structured Query Language SRAM—Static Random Access Memory SVGA—Super Video Graphics Array

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TCP—Transmission Control Protocol TCP/IP—Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol TFT—Thin Film Transistor TFTP—Trivial File Transfer Protocol TTL—Time To Live

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U

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UDP—User Datagram Protocol UPS—Uninterruptible Power Supply URL—Uniform Resource Locator USB—Universal Serial Bus UTP—Unshielded Twisted Pair

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VGA—Video Graphics Adapter VLAN—Virtual Local Area Network VLSI—Very-Large-Scale Integration VoIP—Voice over Internet Protocol VPN—Virtual Private Network VSAT—Very Small Aperture Terminal

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WAN—Wide Area Network WFI—Wait For Interrupt WiMAX—Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access WLAN—Wireless Local Area Network WPAN—Wireless Personal Area Network WUSB—Wireless Universal Serial Bus WWAN—Wireless Wide Area Network WWW—World Wide Web

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W

X  XML—eXtensible Markup Language

Y  Y2K—Year Two Thousand

Z  ZMA—Zone Multicast Address  ZPL—Z-level Programming Language