Communicable Disease Of The Gastro Intestinal Tract

Communicable Diseases of the Gastro Intestinal Tract

Typhoid Fever

Salmonella

Typhi under a microscope

Salmonella Typhi

Clinical Manifestations of Typhoid Fever

Rose spots on abdomen of a patient with typhoid fever due to the bacterium Salmonella typhi

Rose spots on the chest of a patient with typhoid fever due to the bacterium Salmonella typhi.

Leptospirosis Kidney tissue, using a silver staining technique, revealing the presence of Leptospira bacteria

Leptospira bacteria

Scanning electron microscope of a number of Leptospira sp. bacteria atop a 0.1 µm polycarbonate filter

Clinical Manifestations of Leptospirosis

Leptospirosis can cause jaundice

Rat borne Leptospirosis

Diseased kidney affected by Leptospirosis

Schistosomiasis Schistosoma Japonicum snail Schistosomes encopula

Schistosoma mansoni cross section.

Schistosomiasis Cercaria

Schistosoma mansoni worm

Schistosoma Japonicum developing snail

Life Cycle of Schistosomiasis

Clinical Manifestations of Schistosomiasis

Hepatomeg aly

Schistosomiasis arm itch

Comparison of children having

Abdominal pain and enlargement

Schistosomiasis feet itch

Cholera

Vibrio Cholerae

Choler a carrier

Cholera Toxin. The delivery region (blue) binds membrane carbohydrates to get into cells. The toxic part (red) is activated inside the cell

Clinical Manifestations of Cholera

A boy with Cholera

A boy drinking a contaminated water which is susceptible

Pathogenesis of Cholera

Poliomyelitis A blockage of the lumbar

Polio Virus

anterior spinal cord artery due to polio Denervatio n of skeletal muscle tissue secondary to poliovirus infection

Clinical Manifestations of Poliomyelitis

Adult with Poliomyelitis

Children with Poliomyelitis

Pathogenesis of Poliomyelitis

Disease Prevention Oral Polio Vaccine

Amoebiasis

Causative Agent: Entamoeba Histolytica

Amoebic dysentery in colon biopsy

Life Cycle of Amoebiasis

Clinical Manifestations of Amoebiasis

If Amoebiasis is left untreated, it can lead to infection of the genitalia

Amoebiasis of the female

Hepatitis A

Hepatitis A Virus

Clinical Manifestations of Hepatitis A Hepatic Jaundice

Pathogenesis of Hepatitis A

Prevention of Hepatitis A

Mumps

Mump s Virus

Clinical Manifestations of Mumps

Parotitis or Mumps

Bacillary Dysentery

Causative Agent: Shigella

Pathogenesis of Bacillary Dysentery

Communicable Diseases that affect the Genito Urinary Tract and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and Human Immunodeficiency AIDS/HIV virus

Clinical Manifestations of AIDS/HIV

Oral thrush

Muscle Wasting

Kaposi’s sarcoma in the palate of an AIDS patient who survived for about another six months

Early Kaposi’s sarcoma in the skin Pronounced emaciation (cachexia, marasmus) in a young man who died of AIDS with dry, atrophically thinned and discoloured skin and individual foci of Kaposi’s sarcoma.

Gonorrhea

Causative Agent: Neisseria Gonorrhoea

Clinical Manifestations of Gonorrhea

Pink eye ( conjunctivitis) caused by oral genital contact Male penis Burning sensation upon urination White, yellow or green pus from the penis with pain

Mouth of gonorrheal patient

Female genitalia: Abundance of vaginal discharge, which may change to a yellow or greenish color, and develop a strong smell

Eye infection due to gonorrhea (transmitted at birth)

Syphilis

Causative Agent: Treponema Pallidum

Clinical Manifestations of Syphilis

MUCUS PATCHES ON THE TONGUE IN SECONDARY SYPHILIS

SEROUS DRAINAGE FROM THE CHANCRE IN THE GENITALIA

SYPHILITIC CHANCRE

CONDYLOMA LATA LESIONS OF SECONDARY SYPHILIS

PERINEAL CHANCRES

CHANCRE OF LIPS IN PRIMARY SYPHILIS

PRIMARY SYPHILIS ON FINGER

RASH OF SECONDARY SYPHILIS INVOLVING THE SOLE AND PALM TERTIARY SYPHILIS

CHANCRE OF THE MALE AND FEMALE GENITALIA