Chapter-1-police-visibility-01-newest.docx

ICCT COLLEGES FOUNDATION INC. “POLICE VISIBILITY IN BARANGAY SAN ISIDRO TAYTAY, RIZAL AS DISCERNED BY THE RESIDENTS: INPUT TO THE ENHANCEMENT OF POLICE IMAGE.”

A Thesis presented for the Faculty of the College of Criminology ICCT Colleges Foundation Inc. V.V Soliven Avenue II, Cainta Rizal Cainta Rizal

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Science in Criminology By: JEFFERSON B. LOQUE PETER BENEDICT S. GUMIRAN JERICK C. MACARILAY GIL BRYAN V. AGOR PAUL JESON M. AGNES

January 2019

i APPROVAL SHEET

This thesis entitled “POLICE VISIBILITY IN BARANGAY SAN ISIDRO TAYTAY RIZAL AS ASSIMILATED BY THE RESIDENTS: INPUT TO THE ENHANCEMENT OF POLICE IMAGE” Prepared by Loque,

ICCT COLLEGES FOUNDATION INC. Jefferson, Gumiran, Peter Benedict, Macarilay, Jerick, Agor, Gil Bryan and Agnes, Paul Jeson for the degree of bachelor of Science in Criminology.

PROF. ALLAN LAD A. SANTOS M.S CRIM Thesis Adviser

Approved and accepted by the Commission on Oral Examination with a grade of __ on

ICCT COLLEGES FOUNDATION INC. DEDICATION

This humble work is dedicated To whom all springs from, And to whom all glory must be returned, To him, our creator, our God

This is also dedicated To our Family who has always taken pride In our little accomplishment in life

We dedicated this thesis to our parents, Who taught us to think Understand and express. We earnestly feel that without their inspiration, Able guidance and dedication, We would not be able to pass through the tiring process of this research.

The Researchers

iii

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Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION Background of the Study The researchers for this subject matter are interested to conduct and perform the study about the “Police Visibility in Barangay San Isidro, Taytay, Rizal” for the academic purposes or in the near future as it can be utilized to enhance and develop the police visibility in the community and to be able to understand on how this organization performs its task and responsibilities. This study is related to the operations of the members of the Philippine National Police in Taytay, Rizal. This study is concerned about the effectiveness of police visibility in crime prevention at barangay San Isidro, Taytay Rizal on how they have been conducted police patrol with regards to the elimination of the desire and the opportunity to commit breach of law by vicious people, in its shows how the police officers are effective as stewards and defender of the community. The police officer is responsible for the maintenance of peace and order. Furthermore, they are also considered law enforcers dignify to constrain to laws and ordinances which accordingly result to crime precluding and continence. They have been conducted patrol, police visibility and community policing with some areas in Taytay Rizal this anti-crime operation was established in some areas within Taytay Rizal where most number of crimes, such as shoplifting, curfew violation, snatching, robbery hold up debt cases, Violence against Women and Children, riot and drug related crimes occurred. Extensive crimes committed by the advanced and smart criminals have blockade the people of Taytay Rizal. The awareness of criminal to the advantages of technology such as the use of superior firearms, high speed motorcycles/vehicles and communication in crimes posed general fear to the public. Most of the crimes now a day such as snatching, Robbery Hold up, illegal Drug trade, Debt cases and curfew violation were executed by said law breakers. Petty crimes were also target of those criminals such as Vandalism, Reckless Driving and Trespass to dwelling. In number of those crimes were usually committed in areas conveyance, businesses, institutions and public transport terminals were people usually meet and transact. In order to suppress this hazard of the society, the Philippine National Police (PNP) should implement strategic Patrol Plan secured on different anti-criminality operations. Patrol is commonly a group of personnel, such as police or military personnel that are assigned to monitor specific geographic area.

ICCT COLLEGES FOUNDATION INC. Patrol is an indispensable service that plays a leading rule in the accomplishment of the police purpose. It is the only from of police service that directly attempts to eliminate opportunity for misconduct. It also checks the development of desire for misconduct by destroying wholesome ones, and probably influencing individual and group attitudes in its routine daily association with public. Constant availability is important because time is of the essence of most police work. In addition to performing duties relating to incidents to misconducts, the complete coverage provided by patrol makes it available for other services. The Patrol Man searches for and returns lost person and property and informs and assist citizens. He serves as the eye and ears of the police department by gathering information useful to the administration, to the special branches of the police service and other city departments. The patrol force is considered to be the backbone or nucleus of the police service it is responsible for the performance of practically all primary police tasks. Patrol officers can be considered the most valuable people in the police department because all activities radiate from them. A police department’s ability to carry out its function depends greatly on the patrol officer’s 24/7 watchful vigilance. Hence, the patrol force is responsible for accomplishing the total police job. The common history of police forces of the Philippines can be traced back to the reigns of the pre-Hispanic lakans, datus and sultans in the islands were soldiers who served in the communities where the people lived (and which reported directly to local leaders) also enforced local laws. All changed with the arrival of the Spanish rule and the introduction of Western law to the archipelago. Until 1868, personnel of the Spanish army and local militias were also tasked with policing duties in local communities, together with the Island Carabienieros (raised its 1768 and colony’s first ever police). In that year, the local branch of the Civil Guard was officially established by order of the Governor-General Carlos Maria Dela Torre Y Nava Cerreda. Starting from single division, during the Revolutionary period grew into a corps of military police with detachments in Luzon and the Visayas, and was notorious for its abuses against Filipinos. (These abuses were mentioned in Jose Rizal’s two nobles; Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, both writing about several cases of Civil Guardsmen abusing the local populace.) Civil Guardsmen formed part of the Spanish military forces fought against Filipino rebels during the Philippines Revolution. With the beginning of American rule and the Philippine-American War, Philippine Constabulary (PC) was raised in 1901 as a national gendarmerie force for law enforcement, directly reporting to the American government. At the same time, what is now the Manila Police District came into existence as the Philippines first city police force. Later police forces began to model the US departments. The gendarmerie force was later integrated into ranks of the Armed Forces of the Philippines in the late 1930s- first as a command of the Army, and later on its own after State of

ICCT COLLEGES FOUNDATION INC. Police folded. (The PC’s personnel would later be fighting on both sides in the Second World War.) Passed on December 13, 1990, Republic Act No. 6975 the Department of the Interior and Local Government Act of 1990 ordered the merger of both the Philippine Constabulary and the Integrated National Police and formally created the Philippine National Police. R.A. 6975 was further amended by R.A. 8551, the Philippine National Police reform and Reorganization Act of 1998, and by R.A. 9708. The R.A. 8551 envisioned the PNP to be a community- and serviceoriented agency. One of the barriers to implementing directed patrol in the past has been the traditional view that targeting crime hotspots can simply result in the problem moving elsewhere (this is called crime displacement‟). The name of Barangay San Isidro was came from a patron of Farmers and Laborers named “San Isidro Labrador” this is one of the five(5) big barangays of Taytay Rizal. It has a total landed area of four hundred forty two (442) hectares with a total population of 41, 520 based on census of National Statistics Office last 2018. San Isidro is one of the progressive Barangay of the town having garment factories, sash factories and other small business firms continuously operating within the community. Banking business is also progressive with a total of six banks serving the business sector. This is one of the business reasons why San Isidro is attractive to investors considering its easy access from manila via Ortigas Avenue extension and Rizal Avenue. San Isidro has several sitio`s/puroks numbering about eleven (11). With only three of them categorized as depressed areas. Since the primary objective of Barangay San Isidro is to maintain “Clean and Healthy Community”, Barangay Nutrition Scholars have been trained by Municipal Health Office and are being maintained for the purpose. In early years of barangay San Isidro it is composed of plains and hills and also surrounded by rivers, lakes, brooks and canals that is clean enough to enriching the land of Barangay San Isidro. BARANGAY BOUNDARIES NORTH

: Municipality of Teresa and Antipolo, City

EAST

: Province of Laguna and Laguna De Bay

WEST

: City of Pasig from Municipality Cainta

SOUTH

: Municipality of Jala-jala, Pillila, Morong, Binangonan, Municipality of Taytay

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TOTAL LAND AREA

: 442 hectares

NUMBER OF STREETS

: 70 approximately

NUMBER OF ZONE

: 11

ECONOMIC STATUS

: 40% SUBDIVISION (32 Subdivision) 50% DEPRESSED AREA 10% PRIVATE LAND/ INFORMAL SETTLERS

POPULATION YEARS

TOTAL POPULATON

2017- 2018

41,520

2015

36,780

2014

54,364

2010

35,790

2009

40,378

ICCT COLLEGES FOUNDATION INC. 2008

38,364

2007

36,450

2000

32,718

INSTITUTION/ GOVERNMENT

UNIVERSITY/ COLLEGE

OFFICES

Siena College of Taytay

PUBLIC SCHOOLS:

Informatics College

Simona National High School

San Beda University Taytay

Muzon National High School

POLICE STATION:

Simona Elementary School

Taytay Municipal Police Station RELIGIOUS INSTITUTIONS:

PRIVATE SCHOOLS:

God’s Grace Christian Family Church

Scholastica De San Alfonzo Inc.

Lords Jewel Christian Church

St. Francis of Assisi Montessori

The United Methodist Church

St. John The Baptist Parochial School

St. John The Baptist Church

Lords Jewels Christian School

Taytay New-Life Fellowship Baptist Bible Seminary & Institute The Messiah Community Church San Isidro Labrador Chapel Asia-Pacific Nazarene Seminary Jesus Christ Saves Global Outreach

Sources of Data The Researcher employed a survey questionnaire to gather data of the present study. The Part I is the demographic status of the respondents. This part shows information about their Current employment, Studies, and owned Business The second part of the questionnaire deals with the indicators about Police Visibility in Barangay San Isidro in terms of Patrol, Police Checkpoints and Police Oplans.

ICCT COLLEGES FOUNDATION INC. Furthermore, observation was used by the researchers while the respondent answers the given questionnaires. The researchers observed whether the respondents were interested on the topic of the study or not, and whether they answered honestly. Review of the Related Literature and Studies This phase contains the review of related literatures and studies of a foreign and local literature, foreign and Local studies about the related studies of these subject matter also it contains the conceptual/theoretical framework, paradigm of the research and the relevance of the study literature/study up to the present studies. Foreign Literature According to Payton( 2001) Patrol Division is the “Back Bone of the Police Department” Because it is the only division that cannot be eliminated and it is often the only one to work on a twenty four hour basis. The history of police patrol is as old as organize society. Man has always needed protection, first from animals, and then from his own kind. His first attempt to protect himself and his family involved barricading the entrance to his cave. As the community enlarged, so did the need for developing specialized group or agency to handle protection. This form of protection usually involved night patrol of soldiers about the town, or city and groups of soldiers stationed at various poets around the perimeter, and at major points with in the same town or city. According to Larson (2003) Patrol Beat/Sector. This is an area which one patrol unit (usually exclusive) preventive patrol responsibility. According to Eldefonso et.al (2004) The patrol division in every police department is the largest and most important single unit providing the community with the service it expects. It operates on the central theme of the total police purpose, which is to prevent crime, and it acts as the eyes and ears of the chief police administrator. How the administrator solves the many and varied people problems depends heavily on the information furnished to him by patrol force. Also through the patrol service, many of the elements contributing to emergency calls for service can be eliminated or change by the routine operations of this division. Above all the central theme of presenting crime is paramount. For a crime to take place, three factors must exist simultaneously: (a) the desire of the person to commit the crime (b) the will of the person to commit the crime, and (c) the opportunity to commit the crime. Should any of one of these factors be removed by the work of the patrol division, the crime will not be successfully committed. No other division in the police profession can provide such favorable influence over the potential perpetrator of a crime. According to William and Saden (2000) In Japan, basically, the patrol police operate from police boxes, residential police boxes and radio patrol cars, each of which has been

ICCT COLLEGES FOUNDATION INC. assigned to specific area of patrol. The patrol police are on perpetual alert, patrolling and visiting homes, the engaged in wide range of activities such as preventing crimes, arresting criminal suspects, guiding traffic providing guidance to juveniles, protecting lost children and drunks and listening to the problems of people in trouble and assisting in their solution. Through these activities, the patrol police endeavor to make everyday life in each community secure and peaceful. According to Davis (2002) There number of activities for which the Patrol Force can be responsible which are directly related to the prevention of crime. One reasonable objective would be to set aside the specific portion of time during each tour of duty to specific patrol activities. Such activities might include, patrolling parking lots in retail shopping areas were a high incidence of auto theft has been reported; and conducting foot patrol in neighborhood parks and around school playgrounds were a high number of incidents involving crimes against children have been reported; and conducting foot patrol in parks and recreation areas where strong armed robberies and assaults have been reported. The amount of time devoted to various non-traditional activities shift or group of officers over a period of time can be measured and compared with increases or decreases in target crimes. Local Literatures According to Vargas (2000) It is true that police functions have always been held basic in society. One could not just deny the fact in an atmosphere of lawlessness and disorder, any productive activity cannot go on smoothly or easily succeed. In year 2000, Vargas recommended that “each division should work hand in hand so that they can fully attain their respective mission: they should continue implementing their policies and guidelines in solving crimes: Crime Laboratory Service should continue providing services to Cordilleran in order than crimes will be solved at the earliest possible time. According to Belagan (2004) some management problems and variables of the Baguio City Police Command. Some of the problems he found to be serious were under deployment, lack of personnel, favoritism, and financial variables. His recommendation included the following: The Baguio City Police Command should improve each extent of effectiveness in the attainment of PNP objectives considering the are professionally qualified and that Baguio City is now highly urbanized City a melting pot of the people from all over the country and outside of it. The Community- Oriented Policy (COP) Project should be vigorously and augmented by trained barangay tanods. Visibility of Uniform Police Men and trained Barangay Tanods must be at all time to minimize the occurrence of crimes. According to Binay-an (2004) made a study on the Philippines National Police Administration in Baguio City. His study revealed that the general powers to make arrest, search and seizure in accordance with the constitution and pertinent laws should be

ICCT COLLEGES FOUNDATION INC. emphasized, and Oplan Pagbabago and Oplan Paglalansag should be enforced without fear or favor. He recommends. That the PNP Administration in Baguio City should exert extra effort in enforcing their implemented programs/projects to fully attain their objectives, aims and goals. The programs/projects of the PNP Administration in Baguio City should be more effective in professionalization of the PNP, Operation of community oriented policing system/Police on the block, neighborhood watch and Oplan Pagbabago. The PNP Administration in Baguio City should be flexible, adjustable, and understanding its Operation and functions. The study of Binay- an is similar to the present study because the people who are handling the cases of crimes are mostly policemen who were the subjects of the present study. Their difference lies on the fact that the former study was on juvenile delinquency while the present is on the police visibility. According to De Guzman (2001)On the police department, there are many types of patrol. Included air, automobile, bicycle, boat, dog, foot, horse, motorcycle and television patrol .Under the Philippine Patrol System, a choice of patrol method, whether food or mobile, shall be made and based on the purpose of the patrol and the conditions under which it is to be provided. The method of transportation shall be provided the patrolmen not on foot patrol which shall and able most effective and economical accomplishment of his task. Cars, jeeps, wagons, motorcycles, horses, bicycles and the like and are invariably used in police work. However, the choice shall be based on an appraisal of the advantages and disadvantages of each of the primary purposes of the patrol and the conditions in which it is to be affected. In Quezon, City, the police is adopting two methods or types of patrol: the foot patrol being undertaken by the police stations and automobile patrol by the Mobile Patrol Division. However, both patrol’s primary duties and objectives are “Protection” and “Service” to the people. According to Drilon (2013) Police visibility is critical to reduce crime volume especially in critical and risky areas. But the personnel build-up of the Philippine National Police is quite far from what is ideal and sufficient in order for effectively fight criminality and to maintain peace and order throughout the country. The number of uniformed personnel of the Philippine National Police was not enough to meet ideal meaning of One (1) Policeman is every Five Hundred (500) Civilians in their area of responsibility in order to monitor the maintenance of peace and order”. Foreign Studies According to Newman (2003) Experiments with other techniques designed to deter crime range from relatively simple and non-controversial placing of ghost or unmanned police cars distinctly visible along super highways to control traffic, to the use of police dogs in surveillance and park patrol. One problem with all deterrence techniques, however, is the extent of the non-criminal population’s willingness to put up with such inconveniences as exact

ICCT COLLEGES FOUNDATION INC. change rules, searches upon public entering public transportation, or the saturation of neighborhoods with armed police.. According to Trojannowicz (2000) In the early 1990`s the notion of community policing emerged as the dominant direction for thinking about policing. It was designed to reunite the Police to the community. It is a philosophy and not a specific tactic: a proactive, decentralized approach designed to reduced crime, disorder, and fear of crime, by involving the same officer in the same community for a long term basis. There is no single program to describe community policing. Community policing goals much farther than being a mere police community relation program and attempts to address crime control through a working partnership with the community. Here, community institution such as families, schools, and neighborhood, and merchant associations are seen as key partners with the police in creating safer, more secure communities. the community`s views have greater status under community policing. According to Al Coffey (2000) Foot patrol is the oldest means of conducting patrol, and it still plays an important role in the deployment of officers today. As popularity and practicality of vehicle patrol grew during the early part of the twentieth century, the frequency of deploying officers on foot decreased. With increased population density in many major urban areas approaching gridlock, however, foot patrol is reemerging as a workable method to patrol areas not suited for vehicles Targeting specific criminal activity is the key to selective enforcement. Under no circumstances should a department or community allow a group of individual to be singled out for harassment under the guise of selective enforcement, simply by virtue of their ethnicity, politics, or aged. Used properly, it is a legitimate tool of law enforcement and can be used with very favorable results to respond to high levels of criminal conduct, regardless of who the violators are. According to Robin (2004) the Police Departments have organized their delivery of crime services around general preventive control: random motorized cruising by patrol officers when they are not responding to radio dispatch calls. Considered the “backbone” of the Police force, the preventive patrol is intended to deter crime through visibility of the police and their opportunity to apprehend offenders in the act of fleeing from the scene. To the man on the streets as well as to the police man himself, the apprehension of criminals is usually stressed as a major goal. These means responding to related calls carrying through which such activities as criminal investigation, collection of evidence, and interrogating and arresting suspects. Another objective of police work which over lapse the former is crime deterrence. The most important activity is street patrol to detect incidents of crime or situations with crime potentials. A third objective is community service.

ICCT COLLEGES FOUNDATION INC. According to Bragas (2001), he stated that perhaps the most compelling evidence for the effectiveness of place, oriented preventive patrol as oppose to random preventive patrol analysis and systematic review of “hot spot” policing studies. Out of nine studies, seven showed no noteworthy crime reductions as a result of place oriented patrol activities, and it should be noted intervention types range among three broad categories: enforcement problem-orientedpolicing (POP) interventions, directed and aggressive patrol programs, and the use of crackdowns and raids. Local Studies According to Domingo`s (2000) study centers on the present operational problems being confronted by the Pasay City Police Station. Among these are the following: Lack of man power, inadequate supplies of ammunitions, Lack of supplies, materials, equipment’s, and logistics for repair and maintenance, Low salary of Police men. But despite this problems, he concluded that the present mobile patrol procedures adopted in the Pasay City Police Station particularly in the manner of control of each crew members thus in any way conform with the standard set forth by the INP Rules and Regulations and finally, he stated that in spite of lack of personnel, the station in performing effectively in each assigned mission. With that finding and conclusions Domingo recommended the need for an aggressive patrol strength in order to eliminate or minimize criminal operation in there are of operations. He said that a community with a police force equipped with best equipment’s and personnel surely enhance better populace. And lastly, he asked for more logistical support for operations to attain maximum efficiency. According to Ordinario (2006) Study present a description of patrol management which shades light into patrol operations, its objectives and activities as well as the types of patrol, techniques observation and knowledge while on patrol he said that patrolling is a command responsibility. It is the very essence of police work and the patrol force is considered as the backbone of police organization. In his findings, and the find the term “Patrol” as a detachment of personnel or unit taken from a larger body of troops sent out on combat, reconnaissance, prevention, investigation or inspection mission. It is shown in his study that there are many objectives of police patrol but the most important are protection and service basing thereof, he concluded the following: That the work of the patrol force includes all the police functions. Therefore, the more effective the patrol division, the less need there is for the other more specialized operation divisions; That the quality of police service rendered by the whole department is largely dependent upon the competence of the patrol force, That the manner of selecting, training, directing and disciplining policemen will determine the effectiveness and affects the prestige of the patrol force.

ICCT COLLEGES FOUNDATION INC. According to Duran (2003) in his study describes the organization and operational set-up of the Mobile Patrol Division is the largest single unit of the WPD which is responsible of the performance of primary police tasks. It provides complete coverage of the City of Manila 24 hours a day in any kind of weather conditions and may take immediate cognizance to any case that may arise if an specialized group of unit failed to arrive early at the scene when summoned at the given time. The mobility and readiness raised the emergency value and of an officer and increase its ability to handle called for cases of with quickness. According to Isaias (2002) The policeman in the performance of his multifarious task is charged with bringing all law breakers to court but while doing so, he is compelled to respect and observe their of constitutional rights. Thus, the police is the prime mover of the criminal justice system that, without the police, such system is at a standstill. The major resources of any police unit are directed toward providing crime control services. Thus function as carried out within budgetary constraint emphasized efficient an effective for law enforcement efforts. The public also views the police as the first and last resort against crime and fear of crime. And, whether justified or not, the field officers’ working personality and self-concept should revolve around crime control. According to Acero Lao (2004) This study bears relevance to the present investigation in the sense that it delves into crime prevention measures by which to aid the police in its execution in the Barangay level, which is also the measure of the police visibility issue that the present study digs into. On the other hand, Lao looked into the problems in discipline and in the enforcement of laws of the police department of the City of Tagbilaran. His study identified and categorized the problems as those within the department, those outside the department, those related to court actions, those within the realm of securing witnesses, those involving the noncooperation the victims and political interference. Theoretical Framework This study is anchored on the System Theory is espoused by Stem (2004). According to Stem, any organization maybe likened to a system comprising of many parts. For a system to operate effectively and efficiently, all parts should work properly in accordance with purposes for which said parts are intended. When any part of the system becomes defective or unable to effectively perform each intended functions, the entire system suffers because there may be other sub-systems inter acting or defendant upon the smooth performance of the said part. If left uncorrected, the defective part may totally break down and/ or continue to affect other sub systems to the detriment of the entire system. Hence the system theory calls for an immediate and full attention accorded to part failures for purposes of keeping the entire system working properly and smoothly.

ICCT COLLEGES FOUNDATION INC. The application of this theory focuses on maintaining police visibility in the city of Taytay, Rizal. this presents the framework for an effective maintenance of police visibility. At present, the PNP is being critically rated by the community in its crime prevention program. When we talk about crime prevention or crime deterrence, we talk about police visibility. This rule is performed by police personnel – the patrol man in uniform who moves around, walks or cruises the streets and who is always exposed and direct contact with the community. They played an important role as they were the once who witness the vital need of security among the community. Police conducting patrol to all corners of the area should be properly oriented towards the performance of their jobs. Police had each power to impose community roles and go against violators. They should be a vivid example of good and law – abiding citizens.

ICCT COLLEGES FOUNDATION INC. Conceptual Framework The researcher opted to use IPO or input, process, output method

INPUT Human Resources

PROCESS Survey Method

Gathering Data

Heightened public perception of safety and security with the presence of law enforcement in community at all times.

Evaluation of Gathered

Maintain fixed visibility points in order to establish strategic Checkpoints

1.1. Operation 1.2. Area

OUTPUT

1.3. Capacities

Problems and Issues Encountered in the implementation of Police Visibility in the area

Data

Proposed action to Administrative/Operational Plans may be formulated and enhanced the performance of Police Visibility Program.

Presentation of Data

Interpretation of Data

Develop good rapport with people at their beat and regularly update with tips and warnings on tactics and modus operandi of criminals in their area. Conduct coordination/dialogue or symposium with Punong Barangay, Brgy. Councils and General pubic pertaining to the update of peace and order situation especially on environment issues.

Paradigm of the Study The paradigm of the study shows the first box known as input, which provides the assessment of the respondent`s student`s, employee`s and business owner`s indicator in Police visibility. The second box known as process shows the methodology of research, descriptive survey method, Data gathering, Evaluation of gathered data, Interpretation of Data and Presentation of Data. The third box known as output shows design solution to the effectiveness of Police Visibility in Barangay San Isidro as Assimilated by the Residents: input the enhancement of police

ICCT COLLEGES FOUNDATION INC. Statement of the problem This study assessed the performance of Barangay San Isidro Taytay, Rizal Police Personnel in the discharged of Police Visibility. Specifically, this study sought answers to the following question: 1. How do the Students, Business Owner`s, and Private Employee`s assess respondents about Police Visibility in Barangay San Isidro? 1.1 Operation 1.2 Area 1.3 Capacities 2. What issues and concerns encountered by the respondent as to the aforementioned indicators? 3. From the findings of the study, what Administrative/Operational Plans may be formulated and enhanced the performance of Police Visibility Program.

Assumption of the study The fundamental assumptions which underline this study are; 1. The data gathered are valid and reliable. 2. The description of the respondents are varies as to Business Owners, Students, Employees and Residents 3. There are indicators in the police visibility.

Significance of the study The study is deemed significant of the following; Taytay Police Station - the study will provide them the importance of their presence in the prevention and

suppression of Crime Incidents, and police relations to the community.

Residence of Barangay San Isidro – the study will give them the idea of how important police officers must be visible in their community. Barangay officials - this is for them to have a clearer and more complete picture of importance of maintaining police visibility, contributions to a better community-police partnership in keeping peace and order. Criminology students – the study will encourage them to finish their course and join the PNP Organization or other law enforcements organizations. And they can obtain more knowledge about their course. Future Researcher – the findings may provide the subjects which they can explore for future investigations.

ICCT COLLEGES FOUNDATION INC. Scope and limitations This study focused only to the Importance of Police Visibility. The respondents were One Hundred Twenty (120) residents in Barangay San Isidro Taytay, Rizal. Responses of these investigators were categorized according to instructions to find out the significance of their responses on the solution used. The research began from January 17, 2019 and will be finished on April 2019. Definition of terms; The following terms are defined lexically and operationally for better understanding of the research study; Area of responsibility - refers to the coverage of police station performing their police function. Arrest – is the taking of a person into custody in order that he may be bound to answer for the commission of an offense. Auto Mobile Patrol – are patrols are routine drives made by law enforcement officers. They usually ensure that there is surveillance. Barangay – it is the geographical political unit under the local government code of 1991, section 384. Barangay officials – refers to the elected and designated officers of the basic local government unit called Barangay. It is composed of Barangay Chairman, Councilmen, Lupon and etc. Beat – a beat is the territory and time that a Police Officer patrols Beat Patrol – a beat is the territory and time that a Police Officer patrols. Beat policing is based on traditional policing (late 19th Century) and utilized the closed relationship with the community members within the assigned beat to strengthened Police effectiveness and encouraged Cooperative efforts to make a safer community. Beat Police typically patrol on foot or Motorcycle which provides more interaction between Police and Community members. Crime - refers to any act of omission or commission punishable by law. Crime Control – is the primary concern of the Police as the “saying” control before the act into a serious proportion. The line is basically, first to prevent ultimately to control. Crime Deterrence – this pertains to police operation aimed at dissuading a person from acting on his evil design or violating the law. Crime Prevention– Is a reduction or elimination of the desire and or opportunity to commit a crime. Crime Suppression – it means the positive result of police action following a crime incident that will usually tone down the severe effect or damaged that can cause by an incident if not restrained or controlled. Crime Volume – refers to the total number of reported crime incidents in an area over a given period of time regardless of the number of perpetrators.

ICCT COLLEGES FOUNDATION INC. Community – refers to a social group of any sizes whose members resides in a specific locality, share government and often have a common characteristic or interest and perceived or perceiving itself as distinct is some respect from the larger society within which it exists. Index crime – crime which are serious in nature in which occur which sufficient frequency and regularly such they can serve as an index to the crime situation which is classified into Crime against person and crimes against property. Government – organization, machinery or agency through which a political unit exercises authority and perform functions and which is usually classified according to the distribution of power within it. Implementation – It pertains to the realization of an application, or execution of a plan, idea, model, design, specification, standard, Algorithm, or policy. Jurisdiction- the geographic area, over which authority extends, legal authority the authority to hear and determine cause of action. Jurisdiction generally describes any authority over the certain area or certain person. For example the federal government is a jurisdiction unto itself. Its power spans the entire united states, each state is also the jurisdiction unto itself, with the power to pass its own laws. Smaller geographic areas, such as countries and cities, are separate jurisdiction to the extent that they have powers that are the independent of the federal and state government. Patrol – it is where a person or group of people are sent to keep watch over an area. Perpetrator – refers to a person who commits illegal acts or commits a crime. Physical presence - refers s to the actual presence of the police man on beet performing patrol works. Police - refers to the person who enforces the law. Police Checkpoint – A location where the search, which is duly authorized by the PNP, is conducted to deter/prevent the commission of crimes, enforce the law, and for other legitimate purposes. Police Station – a station that serve as headquarter for police in particular district; serve as a place from which policemen are dispatch and to which arrested person are brought. Police Visibility – refers to the actual presence or not just the presence of the police man on beat which involves three things: Physical presence, Patrolling scheme, and response time. Police Response – it refers to police operations aimed at being able to arrive at a crime scene at the earliest possible time and in a manner and condition capable of suppressing and controlling criminality and lawlessness Police Community Relation – this refers to the partnership of the police and community. This also includes active participation of both entities towards common agencies or purpose particularly in the maintenance of peace and order in the community.

ICCT COLLEGES FOUNDATION INC. Public Safety – this includes all the many elements that enable residents of a community to enjoy its streets, sidewalks, park, and other public places as well as sense in their homes, schools and work place. Petty Crimes – type of crime that is not considered serious when compared with some other crimes. Public Servant – is a person in the public sector employed for a government department or agency. The extent of civil servant of state as part of the “civil service” varies from country to country. Rapport – a friendly, harmonious relationship characterized by agreement, mutual understanding, or empathy communication possible or easy. Sector – an area or portion that is distinct from others. Vicious People – someone who does brutal things on purpose, out of ill-will towards other