Ch 5 Study Guide

CH 5 study guide Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____

1. The usefulness of Mendeleev’s periodic table was confirmed by a. a b. b

Figure 5-1 ____

2. Figure 5-1 shows a portion of a blank periodic table. Identify the segments labeled A and B. a. A b. A is a period and B is a group.

Completion Complete each sentence or statement. 3. When Mendeleev organized elements in his periodic table in order of increasing mass, elements with similar properties were in the same ____________________. 4. Mendeleev organized elements in his periodic table in order of increasing ____________________. 5. Mendeleev’s periodic table was useful because it enabled scientists to predict properties of unknown ____. 6. The pattern of repeating properties of elements revealed in the periodic table is known as the __________. 7. The atomic mass unit (amu) is defined as one-twelfth the mass of a(an) ____________________-12 atom. 8. Elements can be classified as metals, nonmetals, and ____________________. 9. Metals that grow dull when exposed to air are more ____________________ than metals that remain shiny. 10. From left to right across a period in the periodic table, elements become less ____________________ and more ___________________ in their properties. 11. Hydrogen does not have the typical properties of a metal. However, hydrogen is located above Group 1A because it has one ______________________________. 12. In general, a(an) ________ metal will be more reactive than an alkaline earth metal in the same period. 13. The two most reactive groups of elements in the periodic table are the alkali metals and the _________. 14. Although they are called ____________________ lights, they can contain any noble gas. 15. Reactive elements, such as alkali metals and halogens, are found in nature only as ____________________. Short Answer

16. What determines an element’s chemical properties? 17. On the periodic table, there are two numbers in the block for the element krypton, Kr: 36 and 83.80. What are each of these numbers, and what do they represent? 18. Why is argon gas used instead of air in light bulbs that contain a filament that is heated to glowing?

Figure 5-2 19. Using Tables and Graphs Which of the elements shown in Figure 5-2 are in the same period? 20. Using Tables and Graphs Which elements in Figure 5-2 have the same number of valence electrons? How do you know? 21. Inferring Find the block labeled ? in Figure 5-2. Predict the properties of this element. What is its atomic number? How many valence electrons does it have? Which of the elements shown in Figure 5-2 will it most resemble?

Figure 5-3 22. Classifying Classify the elements in Figure 5-3 as metals, metalloids, or nonmetals. Explain your answer. 23. Inferring Identify the most reactive element shown in Figure 5-3. Explain your answer. 24. Using Tables and Graphs What do the numbers in the boxes in Figure 5-3 represent? What is the importance of these numbers?